Search Results (1,054)

(1) Background: Digital nature, delivered through different media, has been proposed as a scalable substitute for physical nature exposure to support psychological well-being, especially in high-income countries. This scoping review aimed to map the evidence on digital nature interventions and positive psychological outcomes. (2) Methods: Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, we searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, supplemented by AI search and citation tracking, for studies published between 2020 and 2025. The first search was conducted between 15 November 2025 and 25 December 2025 and revisited between 5 June 2026 and 10 June 2026. We included articles published in English in peer-reviewed journals with the full text available. (3) Results: Our search yielded 67 studies from diverse cultural settings in three categories: primary studies (N = 46), review articles (N = 19) and conceptual articles (N = 2). Digital nature was associated with reduced stress and anxiety, better mood, greater restorativeness, and stronger nature connectedness, across healthy individuals, older adults, and clinical populations; reviews supported these findings at a larger scale, though some flagged mixed results for specific outcomes and technologies. Two conceptual articles explained these patterns through biophilic design and digital placemaking. (4) Conclusion: Overall, digital nature appears to be a promising approach for promoting psychological well-being, particularly where access to natural environments is limited. However, the evidence is mixed, geographically concentrated in Europe, East Asia, and North America, and methodologically heterogeneous, with no studies from low-resource settings. Further research is needed in these underrepresented regions. Full article

Background: Finite element analysis (FEA) has become a cornerstone of dental biomechanics, supporting the simulation of stress, strain, and displacement in biological structures and biomaterials. Methods: This combined bibliometric and narrative review examines the development, geographic and disciplinary distribution, and methodological state of FEA-based dental research by analysing 3379 publications indexed in Scopus between 1969 and 2024. Results: The dataset shows continued exponential growth in annual output, particularly after 2000, with China, the United States, and India as the leading contributors. Journal articles account for the bulk of the literature, and implant dentistry remains the most prominent focus area. The 100 most-cited works concentrate on implant biomechanics, prosthodontics, and scaffold design, while interdisciplinary contributions linking FEA to regenerative biomaterials, orthodontics, and endodontics are increasing. Conclusions: FEA in dentistry is a mature but still rapidly expanding field. Persistent methodological gaps remain, including the routine use of isotropic and linear-elastic bone, idealised osseointegration, static loading, limited patient-specific variability, and scarce in vivo validation. Future work should converge on patient-specific multiscale models, fatigue and contact-aware formulations, standardised validation pipelines, and the integration of artificial intelligence into both pre-processing (mesh generation, parameter identification) and post-processing (surrogate models, outcome prediction). The wider relevance of FEA across orthopaedic, thoracic, and reconstructive biomechanics confirms its role as a unifying computational tool for clinical translation. Full article

Artificial intelligence (AI) agents and large language model (LLM) agents are beginning to move materials discovery beyond isolated prediction tasks and toward tool-grounded workflows that can retrieve prior knowledge, configure simulations, launch calculations, inspect outputs, and decide what to do next. However, adjacent reviews on materials informatics, self-driving laboratories, natural-language processing in materials science, and autonomous chemistry have not isolated simulation-driven materials workflows as a distinct evidence base. This review addresses that gap through PRISMA-guided searches in Scopus (8 May 2026) and Web of Science (15 June 2026) for English-language journal articles published between 2022 and 2026. The combined search returned 232 records; 27 full texts were assessed and 26 studies were included in the final qualitative synthesis after one full-text exclusion. No eligible study was published in 2022 or 2023, indicating that the field emerged only in 2024 and expanded rapidly in 2025–2026. Catalysis and adsorption tasks (n = 6) and alloy design or evaluation (n = 5) dominated the corpus, while specialized multi-agent architectures were the most common pattern (n = 13). Across the included studies, agentic reasoning was most often coupled to workflow orchestration or integration tools, molecular-dynamics or atomistic simulation environments, and materials-data or machine learning screening pipelines; public repositories or archival artifacts were reported in 18 of 26 studies, experimental validation in six, and robotic closed-loop execution in only one study. The strongest evidence came from workflows that grounded language model decisions in simulators, structured databases, or experimentally verifiable outputs rather than in free-form text alone. This review therefore establishes AI agent workflow orchestration as a distinct analytical category within materials discovery and identifies the reporting, validation, and reproducibility conditions required for these systems to function as credible scientific infrastructure rather than as conversational demonstrations. Full article

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have undergone a remarkable transformation over the past two decades, evolving from a laboratory curiosity into one of the most actively investigated solvent platforms in green chemistry. Yet, despite this rapid expansion, and although the field is well served by numerous topical reviews, it still lacks a corpus-wide, cross-disciplinary synthesis capable of guiding strategic research priorities, identifying critical knowledge gaps, and informing policy and industrial investment decisions. The present work addresses this need through a thorough analysis of global DES research from 2003 to 2025, based on a deduplicated corpus of 17,757 publications retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus following PRISMA-adapted screening guidelines. The analysis maps temporal publication dynamics, geographic and institutional contributions, thematic evolution, journal landscape, component usage patterns, international collaboration networks, market projections, and alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The results document an exponential growth trajectory—from a single publication in 2004 to 3954 in 2025 (CAGR > 30%)—and reveal a clear thematic transition from early electrochemistry-dominated research toward extraction, pharmaceutical, and environmental applications, with machine-learning-assisted design and hydrophobic DES formulations emerging as the most dynamic current frontiers. China leads global output with 6819 publications (38.4%), while the United States and Malaysia achieve the highest citation-per-publication ratios among the leading nations (≈46.7 and ≈38.9, respectively, versus ≈27.6 for China), and Spain pairs a comparatively modest output with a high h-index, indicating that impact is large relative to volume. Type III DESs and NADESs collectively account for approximately 69% of the literature, with choline chloride present in 72% of reported formulations. The global DES market, valued at approximately USD 166 million in 2024, is projected to reach USD 370 million by 2030. Despite this progress, critical translational barriers persist: fewer than 0.3% of publications include techno-economic or life cycle assessment analysis, standardized characterization protocols remain absent, and toxicological datasets are systematically incomplete. This panoramic analysis is intended to serve as an evidence-based reference for researchers prioritizing future directions, for funding agencies assessing the maturity and needs of the field, and for industrial stakeholders evaluating the readiness of DES technologies for scale-up. Full article

This paper makes a contribution to smart-grid cybersecurity by proposing an application of our approach, previously published in this journal, to design—from smart-grid data—transparent, interpretable, and accurate systems for detection and classification of cyber-attacks, natural-event-related disturbances, and regular operation of the smart grid. The collection of 15 open-source simulated smart-grid data sets provided by Mississippi State University, USA, in collaboration with Oak Ridge National Laboratories, USA, is used in our experiments. To address this problem, we use our knowledge-based data-mining/machine-learning approach which ultimately generates a set of fuzzy rule-based classifiers—each with a different trade-off between its accuracy and the interpretability of its knowledge base (both are the subjects of maximization in a multi-objective optimization process using evolutionary algorithms). The paper also contributes an extensive cross-validation-based experiment showing that while our approach is not as accurate as alternative and inherently accuracy-oriented “black boxes,” it surpasses them in terms of transparency and interpretability of the generated classification decisions, while ensuring acceptable accuracy of these decisions. Therefore, it can act as a second cybersecurity layer that uses transparent rules to help SCADA operators instantly verify and explain alerts triggered by accurate, fast “black-box” detectors. This paper also provides a contribution to a more general and important area of the automatic and effective selection of input variables (features) that are essential in a given decision-making problem (such as smart-grid contingency classification considered in this work). Full article

Purpose: This paper aims to systematically synthesize academic research published between 2020 and 2025 that investigates environmental, social, and governance (ESG) ratings and scores, with a focus on their methodologies, comparative performance, and impact on firm outcomes. Design/methodology/approach: A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted using the Lens.org scholarly database. A structured title search retrieved 334 open access journal articles published between 2020 and May 2025 containing the terms “ESG Score”, “ESG Rating”, or “ESG Rater”. The PRISMA 2020 protocol guided the selection and screening process. Findings: The literature exhibits growing concern about the divergence among ESG ratings, the methodological opacity of rating providers, and the variable financial implications of ESG scores. Common themes include score disagreements, rating agency biases, and emerging models for standardizing ESG assessments. Originality: This review provides the most up-to-date synthesis of the ESG rating literature, focusing exclusively on articles explicitly addressing ESG ratings or scores in their titles. It contributes clarity to the fragmented ESG measurement space by organizing findings around key methodological and evaluative debates. Full article

Residential buildings have been responsible for the increasing percentage of final energy consumption in Libya, which is mainly due to the cooling of buildings in hot arid climatic conditions, but there is still a constant discrepancy between the projected and actual energy performance. This review critically synthesises the available literature to find out the knowledge gaps underlying residential energy overconsumption, and it concentrates on the systemic loss of contact between the architectural design intent, material and envelope performance, construction execution, and occupant behaviour throughout the building lifecycle. The literature employed to complete the study is peer-reviewed journals, conference papers, and technical reports concerning Libya and similar hot-arid and Mediterranean settings, which are arranged into four overlapping areas, namely, design practices, materials and construction quality, regulatory enforcement, and occupant energy use patterns. The results show that the cumulative and reinforcing inefficiencies are caused by the lack of adoption of climate-sensitive designs, inattentive view of thermal material properties, ineffective control over the quality of construction, ineffective regulation enforcement, and neglect of the occupant behaviour in performance analysis, which contribute to the increase in cooling loads and expansion of the performance gap. Building a coherent conceptual structure using disjointed evidence, the review offers recommendations that can be applied in practice by architects, engineers, policymakers and housing stakeholders, highlighting the importance of lifecycle-based design methodologies, improved governance and performance energy strategies with behavioural elements in Libyan residential buildings. Full article

This article aims to inform the scholarly debate on curriculum research in science education through a systematic scoping review of 140 empirical articles from four leading science education journals. Scoping review methodology was selected to map the breadth, nature, and thematic landscape of curriculum research rather than to evaluate intervention effectiveness or establish evidence hierarchies. Data were retrieved through database searches and thematic content analysis of articles published in 2009 through 2025. Based on formulations of scientific literacy framework, the analytic framework was used to conceptualize curriculum research. The review identified seven themes: nature of science and policy; inquiry-based learning; curriculum standards, materials and assessment; scientific practices; context-based and socioscientific issues education; teacher professional development; and equity and social justice. Categories focusing on standards, materials, and content leaned toward Vision I. Categories emphasizing practices, inquiry, and contexts tended to bridge Visions I and II. Categories focusing on social issues and equity tended to cross and link Vision II and III. While the category centered on teacher professional development uniquely encompassed all three visions, Vision II perspectives (science as related to society) remained dominant but increasingly aligned with Vision III frameworks, such as critical engagement, social and political engagement, and transformative education. The review emphasized the critical role of teacher pedagogical design capacity in addressing the implementation differences between intended and actual curricula. Full article

Die forging is a widely used production method for manufacturing high-strength components with high accuracy and good mechanical properties. Since the die forging process involves many complicated thermo-mechanical coupled field physical problems, such as large plastic deformation, high temperature, friction, and heat transfer, etc., experimental studies are difficult and expensive to perform. The numerical simulation method has become the main method of study and optimal design for the die forging process. This paper reviews the published papers on numerical simulation of the die forging process from 2016 to 2026, in a structured literature review of computational simulations dealing with die forging processes. The literature search was conducted using the Scopus and Web of Science databases. After screening and full-text assessment, 24 relevant journal articles were selected for this paper. The articles studied were analyzed in terms of finite element modelling strategies, constitutive and material models used, friction and thermal boundary conditions considered, and process parameters. Typical results obtained from the studies discussed in the paper include stress, strain, temperature, forging load, and metal flow. The current state-of-the-art research has evolved from simple metal-flow predictions to more complex thermo-mechanical models, and even optimization-based models. Most of the current studies are based on experimentally derived constitutive equations, as well as more complex friction and heat-transfer models. Furthermore, studies applying optimization methods (Taguchi methods, design of experiments, machine learning, artificial intelligence) are increasingly common. The growing interest in the digital twin concept and real-time process control is observed. However, experimental validation, thermal contact modelling, and simulation of stress, strain, temperature, and microstructure in one simulation remain key challenges. Full article

Background/Objectives: Contemporary healthcare systems face compound challenges (including technological acceleration, demographic aging, rising chronic disease burden, and growing patient expectations) that demand models that are simultaneously efficient, high-quality, and person-centered. Despite a substantial body of research addressing organizational design, human capital management, and clinical competencies, these dimensions have largely been theorized in isolation. This study aims to construct and justify an integrated theoretical framework explaining how organizational models, human capital, and transversal competencies may jointly shape care quality, patient safety, and institutional sustainability in healthcare organizations. Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted, integrating contributions from business economics, healthcare management, organizational psychology, and nursing sciences. This design was selected for its suitability in synthesizing heterogeneous, multidisciplinary knowledge into a coherent conceptual framework, a purpose for which systematic meta-analytic approaches are not appropriate. Sources encompassed 79 references: peer-reviewed journals (PubMed, JSTOR, Google Scholar), institutional reports (WHO, OECD, European Commission, Joint Commission), normative standards (ISO 30414:2018), and Italian regulatory frameworks, spanning foundational twentieth-century contributions through the most recent literature (2025). Results: Four principal findings emerged: (1) healthcare organizations are evolving from rigid hierarchical structures toward flexible, value-based configurations, with the Value-Based Healthcare (VBHC) paradigm redirecting institutional attention from service volume to patient-meaningful outcomes per unit of cost; (2) transversal competencies (communication, empathy, emotional intelligence, teamwork, and transformational leadership) are closely associated with care quality and patient safety, with 70–80% of sentinel events associated with communication failures; (3) human capital, encompassing technical expertise and relational capacity, constitutes the primary lever of competitive advantage in healthcare institutions; and (4) the trajectory from pyramidal toward participatory and self-managed models is supported by international evidence, including the Buurtzorg experience in the Netherlands. Conclusions: The integrated three-pillar framework (combining resource-based theory and dynamic capabilities, Value-Based Healthcare, and evolutionary organizational theory) provides a theoretically grounded basis for understanding how organizational structure, human capital, and transversal competencies are jointly associated with clinical performance. Healthcare institutions should systematically integrate soft-skills training into professional education and invest in participatory organizational structures. Health policy should revise financing mechanisms to incentivize patient-meaningful outcomes over service volumes and support the broader transition toward Value-Based Healthcare models. The Italian SSN is discussed as an illustrative national context rather than as the primary empirical focus of the review. Full article

Currently, the “Planning–Dissemination–Empowerment” approach has become a widely adopted practice paradigm for scientific journals to serve industrial scientific and technological innovation. Nevertheless, how to achieve the effective transformation from knowledge production to scientific and technological innovation remains a core issue urgently to be addressed in the academic publishing sector. Taking Yangtze River as the research sample, this paper constructs and conducts an in-depth analysis of a systematic practical path of “Planning–Dissemination–Empowerment” targeting the improvement of research achievement transformation efficiency. Under this path, the planning segment accurately identifies core issues aligned with national strategies and frontline engineering demands through demand anchoring, ensuring the pertinence and application value of academic content; the dissemination segment relies on a diversified digital matrix to realize precise delivery and efficient diffusion of research findings, accelerating the transmission of academic outputs; the empowerment segment intervenes from three dimensions of talent cultivation, decision support, and technology implementation, promoting the conversion of academic achievements into practical innovation capabilities. Practice demonstrates that this path has not only produced more than 1500 high-impact papers but also directly facilitated multiple scientific and technological innovations. Talent empowerment has fostered a cohort of young scientific and technological backbones; decision empowerment has directly underpinned national emergency decision-making via 3 policy advisory reports adopted by central authorities; technology empowerment has driven breakthroughs in key technologies such as barrier lake emergency disposal, with relevant achievements winning the First Prize of Hubei Provincial Science and Technology Progress Award. In addition, the optimal reservoir operation technology was applied in the 2024 basin-wide flood control, reducing flooded arable land by 170,000 hectares and preventing the evacuation of tens of thousands of residents, thus achieving the integration of academic influence and tangible social benefits. Rather than a mere restatement of industry consensus, the path proposed in this paper reveals the underlying mechanism through which scientific journals are deeply embedded in the innovation chain and catalyze the shift from “consensus” to “practical outcomes” via systematic design. Combined with discussions of multi-industry cases, this path provides an operable theoretical framework and practical paradigm for scientific journals to play more substantial and verifiable roles in the national innovation system. Full article

The study recommended implementing teacher-led, face-to-face interactive read-aloud activities with children’s picture books to support students with high reading anxiety and negative attitudes toward reading. The study employed an action research design and included a sample of 32 second-grade primary school students. The students participated in a 13-week interactive read-aloud program designed to address reading anxiety and reading attitudes. Picture storybooks were used as instructional materials throughout the intervention. The students’ reading anxiety was measured with the Reading Anxiety Scale, while their reading attitudes were assessed using the “Garfield” Visual Reading Attitude Scale for Grades 1–6. In addition, process-oriented qualitative data were obtained through a researcher’s journal. Statistical analyses revealed that (1) second-grade students’ reading anxiety scores decreased significantly after participation in the interactive reading program, (2) their reading attitude scores became significantly more positive, and (3) the qualitative findings indicated that the students developed positive experiential responses during the interactive reading process. Full article

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to provide an integrative review of Positive Psychology in contemporary organizational contexts, examining how psychological resources such as Psychological Capital, Emotional Intelligence, Mindfulness, Psychological Safety, Self-Determination Theory, and Positive Leadership contribute to employee well-being, flourishing, and organizational effectiveness. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study adopts a narrative integrative literature review approach, synthesizing recent theoretical and empirical research in Positive Organizational Psychology, Organizational Behavior, and Human Resource Management. The review integrates foundational theories with contemporary empirical findings published in high-impact academic journals to develop a comprehensive conceptual framework. Findings: The findings indicate that Positive Psychological constructs are consistently associated with higher levels of employee engagement, job satisfaction, performance, resilience, and flourishing, while reducing burnout, stress, and turnover intentions. Psychological Capital emerges as a key malleable resource, while Mindfulness and Emotional Intelligence enhance self-regulation and interpersonal effectiveness. Originality: The paper integrates multiple streams of Positive Psychology into a unified conceptual model, combining individual-level psychological resources with motivational and organizational-contextual factors. Research limitations/implications: As a narrative review, the study does not include primary empirical data or statistical testing. Future research should empirically validate the proposed integrative framework using longitudinal and cross-cultural designs. Practical implications: Organizations can enhance employee well-being and performance by implementing Psychological Capital Interventions, mindfulness-based programs, strengths-based development, and psychologically safe leadership practices. Social implications: The findings highlight the broader societal value of fostering psychologically healthy workplaces that promote sustainable employment, mental health, and human flourishing. Full article

This study explores the learning experiences of pre-service early childhood teachers as they develop climate change education materials for family engagement within a teacher education context. Grounded in the need for practice-oriented climate change education that connects young children’s everyday lives with meaningful action, it examines how pre-service teachers construct their understanding through designing educational materials. A qualitative approach was employed with 24 pre-service teachers enrolled in a science education course in South Korea. Over a five-week project, participants developed family-connected materials, including videos and brochures. Data were collected through reflective journals, researcher notes, and project artifacts, and analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. The findings reveal that participants translated abstract climate change concepts into developmentally appropriate learning experiences, employed creative and sensory-based strategies to encourage voluntary engagement, and designed shared digital spaces that connect home and educational settings. They also recognized the importance of fostering climate sensitivity grounded in positive emotions and developed a sense of responsibility as future educators. These findings suggest that developing family-connected climate change education materials provides an effective and scalable practice-based approach that integrates climate literacy, sensitivity, and action in early childhood teacher education. Full article