Skip to Content

51,033 Results Found

  • Review
  • Open Access
5,340 Views
50 Pages

Background/Objectives: Formulating recombinant therapeutic proteins is essential to ensure their safety, efficacy, and stability. A growing trend in biopharmaceutical development is the move toward buffer-free formulations, which aim to reduce immuno...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,676 Views
20 Pages

Ibuprofen Formulations: Permeability and Biodegradability Comparison Depending on the Type of Formulation

  • Edyta Kucharska,
  • Berin Ok,
  • Anna Nowak,
  • Łukasz Kucharski,
  • Anna Muzykiewicz-Szymańska and
  • Paula Ossowicz-Rupniewska

16 June 2024

This study assesses ibuprofen’s permeability to different formulations and their biodegradation. Hydrogel, organogel, Eucerin ointment, silicone ointment, and zinc ointment were investigated. The objective was to comprehensively evaluate the th...

  • Review
  • Open Access
11 Citations
7,142 Views
36 Pages

Insights into Liposomal and Gel-Based Formulations for Dermatological Treatments

  • Giovanni Strazzabosco,
  • Alessia Liboni,
  • Giulia Pezzi,
  • Andrea Alogna and
  • Daria Bortolotti

26 March 2025

Dermatological diseases pose a significant challenge due to their chronic nature, complex pathophysiology, and the need for effective, patient-friendly treatments. Recent advancements in liposomal and gel-based formulations have played a crucial role...

  • Article
  • Open Access
110 Citations
12,626 Views
19 Pages

Evaluation of Formulation Parameters on Permeation of Ibuprofen from Topical Formulations Using Strat-M® Membrane

  • Pradeep Kumar Bolla,
  • Bradley A. Clark,
  • Abhishek Juluri,
  • Hanumanth Srikanth Cheruvu and
  • Jwala Renukuntla

Topical drug delivery is an attractive alternative to conventional methods because of advantages such as non-invasive delivery, by-pass of first pass metabolism, and improved patient compliance. However, several factors such as skin, physicochemical...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
5,522 Views
16 Pages

Ecodesigned Formulations with Tomato Pomace Extracts

  • Aya Jamaleddine,
  • Martine Urrutigoïty,
  • Jalloul Bouajila,
  • Othmane Merah,
  • Philippe Evon and
  • Pascale de Caro

30 December 2022

Tomato pomace (TP) has previously been identified as a coproduct that is rich in bioactive molecules, with potential beneficial effects for health. For tomato pomace that is composed of the skin, seeds and fibers, the challenge is to recover the mole...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
6,619 Views
21 Pages

Solubility and Stability Enhanced Oral Formulations for the Anti-Infective Corallopyronin A

  • Anna K. Krome,
  • Tim Becker,
  • Stefan Kehraus,
  • Andrea Schiefer,
  • Christian Steinebach,
  • Tilman Aden,
  • Stefan J. Frohberger,
  • Álvaro López Mármol,
  • Dnyaneshwar Kapote and
  • Karl G. Wagner
  • + 9 authors

Novel-antibiotics are urgently needed to combat an increase in morbidity and mortality due to resistant bacteria. The preclinical candidate corallopyronin A (CorA) is a potent antibiotic against Gram-positive and some Gram-negative pathogens for whic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
34 Citations
5,747 Views
15 Pages

Stable Formulations of Peptide-Based Nanogels

  • Elisabetta Rosa,
  • Carlo Diaferia,
  • Enrico Gallo,
  • Giancarlo Morelli and
  • Antonella Accardo

29 July 2020

Recently, nanogels have been identified as innovative formulations for enlarging the application of hydrogels (HGs) in the area of drug delivery or in diagnostic imaging. Nanogels are HGs-based aggregates with sizes in the range of nanometers and for...

  • Review
  • Open Access
2,363 Views
17 Pages

Promising Vaccine Formulations for Emerging Infectious Diseases

  • Pil-Gu Park,
  • Seok-Yong Lee,
  • Hyewon Youn and
  • Kee-Jong Hong

Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) are one of the greatest threats to human health today, thus requiring an urgent response. Vaccines are one of the most effective means of preventing the spread of infectious diseases, and their usefulness in respon...

  • Article
  • Open Access
52 Citations
12,956 Views
12 Pages

Pediatric Safety of Polysorbates in Drug Formulations

  • Christina Kriegel,
  • Matthias Festag,
  • Ravuri S.K. Kishore,
  • Dieter Roethlisberger and
  • Georg Schmitt

20 December 2019

Polysorbates 20 and 80 are the most frequently used excipients in biotherapeutics, the safety data for which have been well documented in adults. The polysorbate content in therapeutic formulations that are administered to children, however, has been...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
4,799 Views
35 Pages

Comparative Physicochemical and Pharmacotechnical Evaluation of Three Topical Gel-Cream Formulations

  • Ramona Pârvănescu,
  • Cristina Trandafirescu,
  • Adina Magdalena Musuc,
  • Emma Adriana Ozon,
  • Daniela C. Culita,
  • Raul-Augustin Mitran,
  • Cristina-Ionela Stănciulescu and
  • Codruța Șoica

9 July 2025

In the context of modern dermocosmetic development, multifunctional topical gel-cream formulations must be efficient for both therapeutic efficacy and cosmetic applications. This study presents a comparative physicochemical and pharmacotechnical anal...

  • Review
  • Open Access
45 Citations
13,580 Views
53 Pages

Antimicrobial Preservatives for Protein and Peptide Formulations: An Overview

  • Luisa Stroppel,
  • Torsten Schultz-Fademrecht,
  • Martin Cebulla,
  • Michaela Blech,
  • Richard J. Marhöfer,
  • Paul M. Selzer and
  • Patrick Garidel

Biological drugs intended for multi-dose application require the presence of antimicrobial preservatives to avoid microbial growth. As the presence of certain preservatives has been reported to increase protein and peptide particle formation, it is e...

  • Review
  • Open Access
58 Citations
26,365 Views
18 Pages

Honey-Based Medicinal Formulations: A Critical Review

  • Md Lokman Hossain,
  • Lee Yong Lim,
  • Katherine Hammer,
  • Dhanushka Hettiarachchi and
  • Cornelia Locher

2 June 2021

Honey, a concentrated natural product, is produced by honeybees (Apis mellifera) from the nectar of flowers. It contains over 200 compounds that exert various biological or pharmacological activities, ranging from antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti...

  • Article
  • Open Access
52 Citations
6,044 Views
12 Pages

28 June 2021

The aim of the study was to prepare indomethacin nanocrystal-loaded, 3D-printed, fast-dissolving oral polymeric film formulations. Nanocrystals were produced by the wet pearl milling technique, and 3D printing was performed by the semi-solid extrusio...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
5,914 Views
22 Pages

Enzyme Inhibition-Based Assay to Estimate the Contribution of Formulants to the Effect of Commercial Pesticide Formulations

  • Elena N. Esimbekova,
  • Valeriya P. Kalyabina,
  • Kseniya V. Kopylova,
  • Victoria I. Lonshakova-Mukina,
  • Anna A. Antashkevich,
  • Irina G. Torgashina,
  • Kirill A. Lukyanenko,
  • Elena V. Nemtseva and
  • Valentina A. Kratasyuk

23 January 2023

Pesticides can affect the health of individual organisms and the function of the entire ecosystem. Therefore, thorough assessment of the risks associated with the use of pesticides is a high-priority task. An enzyme inhibition-based assay is used in...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,242 Views
12 Pages

4 November 2023

In this work, alternative product formulations are represented as a bipartite graph, and mixed-integer programming is used to find a graph partitioning that identifies the most dissimilar formulations within a potentially large design space. This inv...

  • Review
  • Open Access
50 Citations
15,033 Views
31 Pages

Topical Antiseptic Formulations for Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

  • Thi Phuong Nga Hoang,
  • Muhammad Usman Ghori and
  • Barbara R. Conway

Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are usually acute conditions of inflammatory microbial occupation of the skin layers and underlying soft tissues. SSTIs are one of the most frequent types of infection, typically requiring medical intervention...

  • Article
  • Open Access
35 Citations
6,512 Views
20 Pages

Supersaturated Lipid-Based Formulations to Enhance the Oral Bioavailability of Venetoclax

  • Niklas J. Koehl,
  • Laura J. Henze,
  • Martin Kuentz,
  • René Holm and
  • Brendan T. Griffin

Increasing numbers of beyond Rule-of-Five drugs are emerging from discovery pipelines, generating a need for bio-enabling formulation approaches, such as lipid-based formulations (LBF), to ensure maximal in vivo exposure. However, many drug candidate...

  • Article
  • Open Access
359 Views
12 Pages

Properties of Galba, Avocado and Moringa Oils in Lubricant Formulations

  • Emeline Sophie,
  • Ashaina Blathase,
  • Philippe Thomas,
  • Yves Bercion,
  • Philippe Bilas and
  • Nadiège Nomède-Martyr

Due to growing environmental challenges, many studies are focusing on vegetable-based lubricants. Industrial lubricants pose a significant risk to the environment and human health. The tribological performances of calophyllum calaba (galba) and avoca...

  • Review
  • Open Access
57 Citations
10,467 Views
22 Pages

Nano-Formulations for Pulmonary Delivery: Past, Present, and Future Perspectives

  • Siyuan Peng,
  • Wenhao Wang,
  • Rui Zhang,
  • Chuanbin Wu,
  • Xin Pan and
  • Zhengwei Huang

With the development of nanotechnology and confronting the problems of traditional pharmaceutical formulations in treating lung diseases, inhalable nano-formulations have attracted interest. Inhalable nano-formulations for treating lung diseases allo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,812 Views
16 Pages

Acanthus mollis Formulations for Transdermal Delivery: From Hydrogels to Emulsions

  • Patrícia Matos,
  • Maria Teresa Batista,
  • Francisco Veiga,
  • Artur Figueirinha and
  • Ana Figueiras

31 December 2023

Topical formulations of Acanthus mollis L. leaf and the optimization of the release of their active compounds and their topical bioavailability were investigated for the first time. In vitro, the release of active compounds from three formulations&md...

  • Review
  • Open Access
38 Citations
9,910 Views
28 Pages

Potential Strategies in the Biopesticide Formulations: A Bibliometric Analysis

  • Fabian Hernandez-Tenorio,
  • Alejandra M. Miranda,
  • Carlos A. Rodríguez,
  • Catalina Giraldo-Estrada and
  • Alex A. Sáez

27 October 2022

Biopesticides are pest and pathogen management agents based on living microorganisms or natural products (botanical origin). Due to their natural origins, they stand out as an environmentally friendly tool, since they quickly decompose and minimize p...

  • Review
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,981 Views
13 Pages

Polymers in Technologies of Additive and Inkjet Printing of Dosage Formulations

  • Evgenia V. Blynskaya,
  • Sergey V. Tishkov,
  • Konstantin V. Alekseev,
  • Alexandre A. Vetcher,
  • Anna I. Marakhova and
  • Dovlet T. Rejepov

22 June 2022

Technologies for obtaining dosage formulations (DF) for personalized therapy are currently being developed in the field of inkjet (2D) and 3D printing, which allows for the creation of DF using various methods, depending on the properties of pharmace...

  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
10,779 Views
11 Pages

Aspirin has been used therapeutically for over 100 years. As the originator and an important marketer of aspirin-containing products, Bayer’s clinical trial database contains numerous reports of the pharmacokinetics of various aspirin formulations....

  • Article
  • Open Access
28 Citations
8,881 Views
38 Pages

Progressing Towards the Sustainable Development of Cream Formulations

  • Ana Simões,
  • Francisco Veiga and
  • Carla Vitorino

This work aims at providing the assumptions to assist the sustainable development of cream formulations. Specifically, it envisions to rationalize and predict the effect of formulation and process variability on a 1% hydrocortisone cream quality prof...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,823 Views
14 Pages

Solid dispersions are a promising approach to enhance the dissolution of poorly water-soluble drugs. Solid crystalline formulations show a fast drug dissolution and a high thermodynamic stability. To understand the mechanisms leading to the faster di...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
12 Citations
4,124 Views
12 Pages

Semi-Solid Pharmaceutical Formulations for the Delivery of Papain Nanoparticles

  • Caroline S. A. de Lima,
  • Justine P. R. O. Varca,
  • Kamila M. Nogueira,
  • Gabriela N. Fazolin,
  • Lucas F. de Freitas,
  • Eliseu W. de Souza,
  • Ademar B. Lugão and
  • Gustavo. H. C. Varca

Papain is a therapeutic enzyme with restricted applications due to associated allergenic reactions. Papain nanoparticles have shown to be safe for biomedical use, although a method for proper drug loading and release remains to be developed. Thus, th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
7,618 Views
14 Pages

Assessment of Functional Stability of Photoprotective Formulations Containing Rutin Succinate

  • Carla Aparecida Pedriali Moraes,
  • Elizabeth Pinheiro Gomes Arêas and
  • Maria Valéria Robles Velasco

The aim of this study was to evaluate physicochemical and functional stability of two different self-emulsified oil/water (O/W) systems. Each system contained 0.4% w/w rutin succinate, which was associated or not with the photo-unstable chemical (7.5...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,447 Views
18 Pages

Dihydroquercetin and Related Flavonoids in Antioxidant Formulations with α-Tocopherol

  • Vera Olicheva,
  • Vladimir Beloborodov,
  • Shamimeh Sharifi,
  • Anna Dubrovskaya,
  • Anastasiya Zhevlakova,
  • Irina Selivanova and
  • Igor Ilyasov

The concomitant utilization of flavonoids and α-tocopherol has the potential to establish a comprehensive antioxidant system that operates in both hydrophilic and lipophilic environments. The objective of this study was to examine the antioxida...

  • Review
  • Open Access
60 Citations
15,548 Views
19 Pages

Palm Oil in Lipid-Based Formulations and Drug Delivery Systems

  • Danial Efendy Goon,
  • Siti Hamimah Sheikh Abdul Kadir,
  • Normala Ab Latip,
  • Sharaniza Ab. Rahim and
  • Musalmah Mazlan

13 February 2019

Palm oil is natural oil packed with important compounds and fatty acids ready to be exploited in lipid-based formulations and drug delivery. Palm oil and palm kernel oil contain long-chain and medium-chain triglycerides, respectively, including phyto...

  • Review
  • Open Access
27 Citations
8,964 Views
17 Pages

Recent Advances in the Excipients Used in Modified Release Vaginal Formulations

  • Aikaterini Dedeloudi,
  • Angeliki Siamidi,
  • Panagoula Pavlou and
  • Marilena Vlachou

3 January 2022

The formulation of an ideal vaginal drug delivery system (DDS), with the requisite properties, with respect to safety, efficacy, patient compliance, aesthetics, harmonization with the regulatory requirements, and cost, requires a meticulous selection...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,253 Views
15 Pages

Porcelain Ceramic Tile Manufactured with the Addition of Hydroxyapatite in Ceramic Formulations

  • Flávio Pessoa Avelino,
  • Wendel Melo Prudêncio de Araujo,
  • Roberto Arruda Lima Soares,
  • Ramon Peña-Garcia and
  • Anderson O. Lobo

25 August 2023

In this study, we developed formulations of a clay, kaolin, quartz, talc, and feldspar ceramic coating as a standard formulation, with the addition of Hap to improve the mechanical characteristics of the final product. The addition of Hap will help t...

  • Review
  • Open Access
21 Citations
4,325 Views
17 Pages

Recent Advances in ROS-Sensitive Nano-Formulations for Atherosclerosis Applications

  • Hao Ji,
  • Renyi Peng,
  • Libo Jin,
  • Jiahui Ma,
  • Qinsi Yang,
  • Da Sun and
  • Wei Wu

Over the past decade, ROS-sensitive formulations have been widely used in atherosclerosis applications such as ROS scavenging, drug delivery, gene delivery, and imaging. The intensified interest in ROS-sensitive formulations is attributed to their un...

  • Review
  • Open Access
476 Views
34 Pages

From Classics to Nano-Excipients and Biopolymers: Pulmonary Drug Delivery Formulations

  • Maria Nikou,
  • Maria Chountoulesi,
  • Stergios Pispas and
  • Natassa Pippa

In this article, a systematic review and analysis of the present literature is conducted, regarding the excipients present in dry powder inhaler formulations. Until now, there has been no list of excipients recorded, specifically for DPIs, with the n...

  • Review
  • Open Access
76 Citations
9,053 Views
19 Pages

13 April 2021

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens is becoming increasingly problematic in the treatment of bacterial diseases. This has led to bacteriophages receiving increased attention as an alternative form of treatment. Phages are effective at tar...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
6,768 Views
9 Pages

The Effects of Two Novel Copper-Based Formulations on Helicobacter pylori

  • Ilaria M. Saracino,
  • Cristina Zaccaro,
  • Giovanna Lo Re,
  • Dino Vaira and
  • John Holton

We investigated the effects of two novel copper-based inorganic formulations for their activity against 60 isolates of Helicobacter pylori (Hp). The two copper-based formulations were tested against three NCTC Helicobacter pylori isolates and 57 clin...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
2,622 Views
10 Pages

The Equivalence between Successive Approximations and Matricial Load Flow Formulations

  • María Camila Herrera-Briñez,
  • Oscar Danilo Montoya,
  • Lazaro Alvarado-Barrios and
  • Harold R. Chamorro

24 March 2021

This paper shows the equivalence of the matricial form of the classical backward/forward load flow formulation for distribution networks with the recently developed successive approximations (SA) load flow approach. Both formulations allow solving th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
4,330 Views
11 Pages

Confocal Raman Spectroscopy for Assessing Bioequivalence of Topical Formulations

  • Fotis Iliopoulos,
  • Chun Fung Tang,
  • Ziyue Li,
  • Annisa Rahma and
  • Majella E. Lane

The evaluation of bioequivalence (BE) for topical dermatological drug products is challenging, and there has been significant interest from regulatory authorities in developing new BE methodologies in recent years. Currently, BE is demonstrated by co...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
5,196 Views
15 Pages

Biopharmaceutical Study of Triamcinolone Acetonide Semisolid Formulations for Sublingual and Buccal Administration

  • Marta Márquez Valls,
  • Alejandra Martínez Labrador,
  • Lyda Halbaut Bellowa,
  • Doménica Bravo Torres,
  • Paulo C. Granda,
  • Montserrat Miñarro Carmona,
  • David Limón and
  • Ana C. Calpena Campmany

The mouth can be affected by important inflammatory processes resulting from localized or systemic diseases such as diabetes, AIDS and leukemia, among others, and are manifested in various types of buccal sores typically presenting pain. This work fo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,891 Views
13 Pages

20 October 2022

Individualised medicine demands the formulation of pharmacotherapy in accordance with the characteristics of each patient’s health condition, and paediatrics is one of the areas that needs this approach. The 3D printing of oral doses is one met...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,024 Views
14 Pages

Application of Solvent Evaporation to Generate Supersaturated Lipid-Based Formulations: Investigation of Drug Load and Formulation Quality

  • Felix Paulus,
  • Jef Stappaerts,
  • Annette Bauer-Brandl,
  • Dirk Lauwers,
  • Liesbet Smet,
  • Eline Hermans and
  • René Holm

Background/Objectives: Lipid-based formulations (LBFs) are enabling formulations for poorly water-soluble, mostly lipophilic drugs. In LBFs, the drug is pre-dissolved in the formulation which can consist of lipids, surfactants, and/or cosolvents. In...

  • Review
  • Open Access
19 Citations
19,775 Views
31 Pages

Thermal Spring Waters as an Active Ingredient in Cosmetic Formulations

  • Ana Carolina Figueiredo,
  • Márcio Rodrigues,
  • M. Lourdes Mourelle and
  • André R. T. S. Araujo

1 February 2023

Background: Thermal waters have been showing different beneficial effects on the skin due to their physicochemical composition. The beneficial effect of thermal water in the treatment of some skin diseases may thus justify its use as an active ingred...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
4,340 Views
13 Pages

In Vitro Percutaneous Absorption of Permeation-Enhancing Estrogen Formulations

  • Guiyun Song,
  • Kendice Ip,
  • Bruce Biundo,
  • Maria Carvalho,
  • A. J. Day,
  • August S. Bassani,
  • Hui Song,
  • Benigno C. Valdez and
  • Daniel Banov

19 April 2025

Background/Objectives: Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) is commonly prescribed to women in need to restore the deficiency of hormones. Estrogens, in particular estradiol (E2) and estriol (E3), are associated with side effects when given orally. As s...

  • Review
  • Open Access
27 Citations
7,512 Views
18 Pages

12 March 2021

Indomethacin (IND) is a drug which after successful clinical trials became available for general prescription in 1965 and from that time is one of the most widely used anti-inflammatory drug with the highest potencies in the in vitro and in vivo mode...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,331 Views
11 Pages

Raman Microspectroscopy as a Tool to Elucidate the Efficacy of Topical Formulations Containing Curcumin

  • Ievgeniia Iermak,
  • Ana Paula da Silva,
  • Cristina Kurachi,
  • Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato and
  • Natalia Mayumi Inada

The success of the onychomycosis treatment is directly associated with factors such as the choice of the medication, the administration route, and the pharmaceutical formulation. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an emerging and promising technique indic...

  • Review
  • Open Access
52 Citations
17,563 Views
36 Pages

Innovations in Chewable Formulations: The Novelty and Applications of 3D Printing in Drug Product Design

  • Lucía Rodríguez-Pombo,
  • Atheer Awad,
  • Abdul W. Basit,
  • Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo and
  • Alvaro Goyanes

Since their introduction, chewable dosage forms have gained traction due to their ability to facilitate swallowing, especially in paediatric, geriatric and dysphagia patients. Their benefits stretch beyond human use to also include veterinary applica...

  • Article
  • Open Access
28 Citations
11,723 Views
19 Pages

With the rising public awareness of environmental issues, consumers are increasingly demanding skin care products that create less environmental impact but still provide the same or even greater efficacy. In the skin care arena, microemulsions have b...

  • Review
  • Open Access
16 Citations
12,773 Views
15 Pages

7 March 2022

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder characterised by eosinophilic inflammation and esophageal dysfunction symptoms. The recommended first-line treatment options are proton pump inhibitors and swallowed topical steroid...

  • Article
  • Open Access
35 Citations
6,784 Views
19 Pages

Applicability of RPMI 2650 and Calu-3 Cell Models for Evaluation of Nasal Formulations

  • Nadica Sibinovska,
  • Simon Žakelj,
  • Jurij Trontelj and
  • Katja Kristan

The RPMI 2650 and Calu-3 cell lines have been previously evaluated as models of the nasal and airway epithelial barrier, and they have demonstrated the potential to be used in drug permeation studies. However, limited data exist on the utilization of...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
518 Views
24 Pages

Many commercially available medications are often unapproved or unavailable in suitable dosage forms for specific patient populations, particularly infants and children. This necessitates the use of extemporaneously compounded formulations to deliver...

  • Review
  • Open Access
156 Citations
15,609 Views
21 Pages

Microbial Biosurfactants in Cosmetic and Personal Skincare Pharmaceutical Formulations

  • Simms A. Adu,
  • Patrick J. Naughton,
  • Roger Marchant and
  • Ibrahim M. Banat

Cosmetic and personal care products are globally used and often applied directly on the human skin. According to a recent survey in Europe, the market value of cosmetic and personal care products in Western Europe reached about 84 billion euros in 20...

of 1,021