This article investigates the role of wall surfaces as an interactive medium in the First Pompeian Style, referring to examples from Pompeii. Five different aspects are investigated in more detail: (1) surfaces and their relation to the core; (2) sur...
A large research effort is currently ongoing within the framework of the EUROfusion consortium for the study and design of a water-cooled lithium–lead (WCLL) breeding blanket (BB). This concept will be tested in ITER through the installation of...
Functionally graded tungsten/steel composites are attractive to be used as an interlayer to join tungsten (W) and steel for the first wall of future fusion reactor to reduce the thermally induced stresses arising from the different coefficient of the...
The experimental investigation of a prototypical set-up simulating a loss of flow accident in a helium-cooled breeding blanket first wall mock-up under typical heat load conditions is presented. The experimental campaign reproduces the expected DEMO...
This paper presents the testing campaign of the two First Wall mock-ups in the HELOKA facility, one mock-up having a 3 mm thick Oxide Dispersion Strengthened (ODS) steel layer on its surface and the other featuring a tungsten functionally graded cove...
The validation of numerical tools employed in the analysis of incidental transients in a fusion reactor is a topic of main concern. KIT is taking part in this task providing both experimental data and by performing numerical analysis in support of th...
An accurate prediction of the interphase behaviors of the vertical gas-liquid subcooled boiling flow is meaningful for the first loop of a nuclear power plant (NPP). Therefore, the interphase behaviors including the bubble size distribution in the fi...
It is predicted that in ITER, due to high values of electron temperature and magnetic field strength, electron cyclotron (EC) radiation emitted by plasma will be a significant source (together with external EC radiation injected for auxiliary plasma...
The European Fusion Reactor (DEMO, Demonstration Power Plant) relies significantly on joining technologies in its design. Current research within the EUROfusion framework focuses on developing materials for the first wall and divertor applications, e...
The concrete shear walls of masonry structures with RC frames on the first story are low-rise shear walls with a height–width ratio of less than 1. The strength, stiffness, and ductility of these low-rise shear walls are not matched, resulting...
The realization of the first wall (FW), which is composed of a protective tungsten (W) armor covering the structural steel material, is a critical challenge in the development of future fusion reactors. Due to the different coefficients of thermal ex...
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of semi-angle and platinum tube wall thicknesses on the first-step drawing process of platinum-clad nickel bars using finite element simulation. Three different semi-angles of die (3°, 5°...
Ferroelectric charged domain walls offer a revolutionary path for next-generation ferroelectric devices due to their exceptional conductivity within an otherwise insulating matrix. However, quantitative understanding of this “giant conductivity...
We present reliability-based optimization (RBO) of the Mechanically Stability Earth (MSE) walls, using constrained optimization, considering the external stability, under ultimate limit state conditions of sliding, eccentricity, and bearing capacity....
Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) is currently the largest optimized stellarator in operation in the world. Its main objective is to demonstrate long pulse operation and to investigate the suitability of this type of fusion device for a power plant. Maintaining...
Corrugated cardboard has waved cores with small flutes that prevent the use of detailed numerical models of whole structures. Many homogenization methods in the literature overcome this drawback by defining equivalent homogeneous plates with the same...
Plasma facing components for energy conversion in future nuclear fusion reactors require a broad variety of different fabrication processes. We present, along a series of studies, the general effects and the mutual impact of these processes on the pr...
The internal losses in the tip clearance region strongly influence the compressor performance and its operational range. Previous research proved that passive wall treatments with circumferential grooves in axial compressors effectively increase the...
The electronic structure of carbon nanotube bundles (CNTBs) can be a tough task for the routine first-principle calculation. The difficulty comes from several issues including the atomic structure, the boundary condition, and above all the very large...
A Demonstration (DEMO) thermonuclear reactor is the next step after the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). Designs for a DEMO divertor and the First Wall require the joining of tungsten to steel; this is a difficult task, howeve...
Harnessing nuclear fusion is a challenging task, in particular because of the demands put on the used materials. In tokamaks, future energy sources, the inner-most chambers are to be coated with dense coatings of W, or W-Cr-based alloys. So far, the...
The self-passivating yttrium-containing WCr alloy has been developed and researched as a potential plasma-facing armour material for fusion power plants. This study explores the use of yttria (Y2O3) powders instead of yttrium elemental powders in the...
The Stellarator Power Plant Studies Prospective R&D Work Package in the Eurofusion Programme was settled to bring the stellarator engineering to maturity, so that stellarators and particularly the HELIAS (HELical-axis Advanced Stellarator) config...
The extremely harsh environment of the high temperature plasma imposes strict requirements on the construction materials of the first wall in a fusion reactor. In this work, a refractory alloy system, WTaVTiZrx, with low activation and high entropy,...
Among the extant populations of the critically endangered Aeolian wall lizard, the most vulnerable is the one surviving on La Canna, a columnar volcanic stack off the Filicudi Island. Here, I report the results of the first climbing expedition by a b...
The paper provides a concise overview of ion beam analysis methods and procedures in studies of materials exposed to fusion plasmas in controlled fusion devices with magnetic confinement. An impact of erosion–deposition processes on the morphol...
Cerebral aneurysms and microaneurysms are abnormal vascular dilatations with high risk of rupture. An aneurysmal rupture could cause permanent disability and even death. Finding and treating aneurysms before their rupture is very difficult since symp...
An improved methodology for the condensation of Multi-Degree-Of-Freedom (MDOF) systems to equivalent Two-Degree-Of-Freedom (2EDOF) systems is presented. The methodology is applied to mid-rise buildings with Open Ground-Story and verified by means of...
To create a DEMO reactor, it is necessary to develop high-quality technology to join tungsten with reduced-activation ferritic-martensitic (RAFM) steel (Rusfer, Eurofer, CLF-1, etc.). Difficulties arise in their direct connection due to the large dif...
In this paper, a comparison of stochastic optimization algorithms is presented for the reconstruction of electromagnetic profiles in through-the-wall radar imaging. We combine those stochastic optimization approaches with a shape-based representation...
The new three-dimensional structure that the graphene connected with SWCNTs (G-CNTs, Graphene Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes) can solve graphene and CNTs′ problems. A comprehensive study of the mechanical and electrical performance of the junctions w...
Phaeophyceae (brown algae) essentially contribute to biotopes of cold and temperate seas. Their thalli are rich in biologically active natural products, which are strongly and universally dominated with phlorotannins—polyphenols of complex and...
We studied the effect of wall boundary conditions on the statistics in a wall-modeled large-eddy simulation (WMLES) of turbulent channel flows. Three different forms of the boundary condition based on the mean stress-balance equations were used to su...
As a hydrodynamic phenomenon, cavitation is a main concern in many industries such as water conservancy, the chemical industry and medical care. There are many studies on the generation, development and collapse of cavitation bubbles, but there are f...
The second law performance of double diffusive forced convection in a horizontal porous channel with thick walls was considered. The Soret effect is included in the concentration equation and the first order chemical reaction was chosen for the conce...
In this study, the possibilities for the reduction of powder wall friction by different types of surface coatings on the wall material were investigated. Two conventional coatings, an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene plate and an anti-frictio...
Evaluations of the risk of fault-induced water inrush hazard is an important issue for mining engineering applications. According to the characteristics of the seam floor during mining advancing, a mechanical model of fault activation is built to obt...
A fully penetrating cut-off wall is a vertical seepage barrier that fully penetrates an aquifer and is embedded in an underlying aquitard to a certain depth. Groundwater seepage with this type of wall occurs through three paths: leakage through the b...
Good conservation and restoration practices of cultural heritage assets rely on the knowledge of original materials. In the framework of the HERACLES Project (HERACLES—HEritage Resilience Against CLimate Events on Site, H2020 Grant Agreement 70...
The zoning excavation method is fully employed to control the deformation of foundation pits constructed in urban soft soil areas. However, the similarities and differences in forces and deformations between foundation pits excavated by the zonal met...
Rammed earth (RE) is attracting renewed interest throughout the world thanks to its “green” characteristics in the context of sustainable building. In this study, the ageing effects on RE material are studied on the walls which have been constructed...
A series of centrifuge model tests were conducted to study the interaction between successively constructed adjacent foundation pits. The stress, deformation, and earth pressure on retaining structures and the settlement of the soil between the two a...
The evaluation of the shear behavior of masonry walls is a first fundamental step for the assessment of existing masonry structures in seismic zones. However, due to the complexity of modelling experimental behavior and the wide variety of masonry ty...
A series of structural vulnerability analyses are conducted on a reinforced cold-formed steel (RCFS) shear wall system and a traditional cold-formed steel (CFS) shear wall system subjected to earthquake hazard based on forms in order to investigate t...
This technical paper outlines the predictive performance of a recently published dynamic cumulant lattice Boltzmann method (C-LBM) to model turbulent shear flows at all resolutions. Emphasis is given to a simple strategy that avoids a frequently obse...
The cell wall of Bacillus subtilis is a rigid structure on the outside of the cell that forms the first barrier between the bacterium and the environment, and at the same time maintains cell shape and withstands the pressure generated by the cell's t...
This paper presents a methodology for estimation of hydrodynamic loads acting on the bottom and at the walls of a stilling basin of a stepped chute with converging walls, based on the pressure measurements at the selected points of a scale model. Thi...
Aiming at the inspection of rough stone and concrete wall surfaces, a grasping module of cross-arranged claw is designed. It can attach onto rough wall surfaces by hooking or grasping walls. First, based on the interaction mechanism of hooks and roug...
The impact of ore-rock blocks on the shaft wall of a vertical ore pass is a crucial cause of shaft wall damage and failure. Based on the structure and parameters of the ore pass in a case mine, the first collision’s position of the ore-rock blo...
A large number of molecules are usually required to model atomic walls in molecular dynamics simulations. A virtual-wall model is proposed in this study to describe fluid-wall molecular interactions, for reducing the computational time. The infinite...
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