Search Results (1,026)

Background/Objectives: The obesity epidemic coexists with the phenomenon of “hidden hunger” (Type B malnutrition)—a micronutrient deficiency amidst a caloric excess. Traditional dietary assessment methods often distort the actual picture by ignoring technological losses during cooking, which necessitates the use of digital tools. Methods: A cross-sectional study (N = 3267) was conducted using the digital platform “NIAP”. The analysis was based on valid 3–7-day dietary records with algorithmic accounting for nutrient retention factors during thermal processing. The nutrient profiles of individuals with a normal body mass index (BMI) and obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²) were compared. Results: The epidemiology of intake shortfalls was highly prevalent and pronounced: 99.9% of the cohort had ≥1 inadequacy (with a mean negative deviation of −77.3% for vitamin D and −59.2% for Omega-3), and 61.5% exhibited ≥10 simultaneous multiple intake shortfalls. These inadequacy rates remained robust in a sensitivity analysis excluding under-reporters. The obesity group consumed significantly more energy, saturated fatty acids, added sugars, cholesterol, and sodium, but demonstrated a lower relative macronutrient intake (g/kg of body weight). Absolute fiber intake did not differ between the groups, indicating a decrease in its density per 1000 kcal in the diet of individuals with obesity; the intake of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) showed a downward trend. The Na:K ratio was significantly higher in the obesity group (1.19 vs. 1.04, p < 0.001). Correlation analysis confirmed an inverse relationship between BMI and the overall nutrient density of the diet. Conclusions: A high-energy diet does not compensate for systemic micronutrient inadequacy among the evaluated cohort. Obesity is associated with a dietary imbalance favoring “empty calories” and pro-inflammatory components against a background of severe multiple dietary inadequacies. The integration of algorithmic dietary assessment that accounts for cooking losses is critical for objective diagnosis and personalized nutritional intervention. Full article

The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased more than twofold over the last thirty years. T2DM is associated with multiple complications, among which diabetic encephalopathy and accompanying cognitive impairment have drawn considerable interest. This systematic review synthesizes findings from advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) studies (published from 2009 to 2025) on T2DM-related brain microstructural abnormalities. The most common technique, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), consistently reveals reduced white-matter integrity (lower fractional anisotropy, higher diffusivity) associated with cognitive impairment. DTI-based network analysis further identifies disrupted structural network topology, characterized by reduced global and nodal efficiency. To overcome DTI’s limitations, newer techniques provide more specific insights: diffusion kurtosis imaging shows reduced tissue complexity in white matter, gray matter, and crossing-fiber regions via non-Gaussian modeling; neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging quantifies decreased neurite density; intravoxel incoherent motion assesses combined microstructural and microvascular alterations; diffusion spectrum imaging maps complex fiber architecture. These dMRI metrics may provide promising imaging markers for characterizing T2DM-related brain microstructural alterations. However, most available evidence remains cross-sectional, and further longitudinal, multicenter validation is required before these measures can be considered clinically validated biomarkers for prediction, diagnosis, or monitoring. Full article

Background/Objectives: To explore potential associations between pediatric obesity and retinal and anterior segment ocular structures using OCT and ocular biometry. This study was designed as an exploratory, hypothesis-generating analysis without a pre-specified primary endpoint; all findings should be interpreted accordingly. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 52 children (104 eyes): 27 obese children (body mass index (BMI) percentile ≥95%) and 25 healthy controls (BMI percentile 5–85%). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and ocular biometry were used to assess retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell complex (GCC), focal loss volume (FLV), global loss volume (GLV), Early Treatment Macular Map 5 (EMM5), corneal parameters, axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and white-to-white corneal diameter (WTOW). Group comparisons and cluster-robust bootstrap regression adjusted for inter-eye dependency, age, and sex; Bonferroni correction was applied. Results: Obese children showed nominally higher GCC average thickness, RNFL, and EMM5 values and shallower ACD; however, no parameter survived Bonferroni correction. ACD showed the most internally consistent exploratory pattern (unadjusted p = 0.006; adjusted p = 0.018; Bonferroni p = 0.249); however, this finding did not survive Bonferroni correction and should not be interpreted as a confirmed association. Other corneal and biometric parameters were not significantly different. Conclusions: Pediatric obesity may be associated with subtle ocular structural variations, but all findings are exploratory and hypothesis-generating. Larger prospective, pre-registered studies are needed to determine whether pediatric obesity is associated with structural ocular changes. Full article

Background/Objectives: Retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) has emerged as a sensitive biomarker of neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS), yet eyes without overt optic neuritis (ON) are routinely pooled as “clinically unaffected” despite their heterogeneous histories. We evaluated whether never-ON eyes and fellow eyes after unilateral ON differ structurally and microvascularly using swept-source OCT (SS-OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA). Methods: In this cross-sectional, single-center study, 126 clinically unaffected MS eyes—96 never-ON eyes and 30 fellow eyes after unilateral ON—were compared with 118 healthy control eyes. SS-OCT quantified ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer (GCIPL), peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL), and macular RNFL (mRNFL) thickness, while OCTA measured superficial vascular plexus (SVP) vessel density. Between-group differences were assessed using generalized estimating equations with participant-level clustering, empirical (sandwich) standard errors, adjustment for age and sex, and false discovery rate correction. Results: Despite preserved visual acuity, both never-ON and fellow eyes showed structural retinal thinning relative to controls. GCIPL thickness followed a stepwise gradient—66.14 ± 4.31, 62.08 ± 7.03, and 58.03 ± 7.71 µm in controls, never-ON eyes, and fellow eyes, respectively (FDR-adjusted q = 0.020 for fellow vs. never-ON eyes)—and pRNFL and mRNFL showed a similar overall pattern. After false discovery rate correction, OCTA parameters did not differ significantly between groups. Conclusions: Clinically unaffected eyes in MS are not structurally normal, and fellow eyes after unilateral ON carry a greater burden of silent retinal damage than never-ON eyes. These two phenotypes should be analyzed separately in MS imaging research. Structural OCT measures, particularly GCIPL thickness, appear more sensitive than microvascular indices for detecting subclinical retinal involvement. Full article

Background/Objectives: The transcription factor carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP) is a key glucose-sensing regulator that governs glucose and lipid metabolic homeostasis. However, its specific functions in skeletal muscle remain insufficiently clarified. The present study aimed to investigate the roles of ChREBP in skeletal muscle exercise capacity, energy metabolism, and adaptive remodeling, as well as muscle regeneration. Methods: We generated a skeletal muscle-specific ChREBP knockout mouse model, and assessed their exercise performance, energy metabolism, skeletal muscle fiber composition, and injury repair capacity. Additionally, hypoxia and high-fructose diet models were established to analyze the function of ChREBP in skeletal muscle adaptive remodeling. C2C12 myoblasts and primary muscle satellite cells were used to explore its effects on myogenic differentiation. Results: Genetic deletion of ChREBP induced no detectable alterations in myofiber composition, overall metabolic status, or muscle adaptive remodeling triggered by hypoxia and high-fructose diet. In vitro assays demonstrated that ChREBP overexpression facilitates C2C12 myogenic differentiation. Adeno-associated virus-mediated ChREBP overexpression enhanced histological markers of regeneration, including desmin-positive regenerative area and the cross-sectional area of newly formed myofibers after cardiotoxin-induced injury. Conclusions: Collectively, our experimental data indicate that ChREBP is largely dispensable for maintaining basal skeletal muscle homeostasis and stress-induced adaptive remodeling. Meanwhile, this study identifies a previously unrecognized regulatory role of ChREBP in the processes of skeletal muscle damage repair and post-injury regeneration. Full article

Background/Objectives: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCT-A) provide detailed measurements of retinal structure and vasculature; however, age-related differences in how these parameters correlate with one another remain poorly understood. We hypothesized that vascular–structural integration in the macula is more pronounced in adults than in children. Our aim was to characterize correlation patterns in pediatric and adult populations to inform the development of age-specific clinical interpretation guidelines. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional observational study enrolled 37 healthy children (age 1–17 years) and 28 healthy adults (age 18–65 years). Eyes with ocular or systemic conditions affecting the retina or prior intraocular surgery were excluded. Standardized OCT and OCT-A acquisition protocols provided structural and vascular measures. Univariable correlation analyses applied a stringent threshold (p < 0.001) to identify robust associations. Significant univariable results were entered into multivariable regression models adjusting for age, gender, intraocular pressure, and axial length. A Group-wise Linkage Proportion quantified the percentage of potential significant correlations among eight predefined anatomical parameter groups. Results: Ninety univariable correlations met p < 0.001. Fourteen correlations were shared across age groups, notably foveal avascular zone metrics and vessel density, showing very large negative correlations (r = −0.70 to −0.87). The pediatric cohort displayed 40 unique correlations, primarily linking optic nerve head flow indices to retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. Adults exhibited 36 unique correlations, dominated by macular vascular–thickness coupling concentrated in the parafoveal region. After multivariable adjustment, 52 of 90 associations remained significant. Adult-specific associations lost significance more frequently (58%) than pediatric-specific associations (43%), whereas correlations shared across both groups showed complete stability (100%). The Group-wise Linkage Proportion indicated pronounced macular vascular–structural coupling in adults (48.4%) versus near absence in children (1.2%). Conclusions: Retinal parameter correlation patterns show fundamental differences between pediatric and adult eyes. While optic nerve head-macular thickness relationships remain consistent across ages, adults exhibit mature, localized integration of macular vascular and structural parameters absent in children. These findings suggest that pediatric and adult OCT/OCT-A measurements may benefit from separate reference standards, although prospective validation is required before clinical implementation. Full article

Although the Kazakh horse is a dual-purpose breed renowned for both milk and meat production, the extent to which surgical castration alters gene expression in its muscles has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, left longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) samples were obtained from six Kazakh stallions (W group) and six Kazakh geldings (S group) to comparatively evaluate meat quality parameters, examine histological characteristics in tissue sections, and apply transcriptomic profiling to comprehensively explore the principal regulatory pathways and candidate genes through which surgical castration modulates LDM growth. The results demonstrated that surgical castration did not induce significant alterations in meat color or pH-related parameters. However, cooking loss and shear force values were markedly diminished, accompanied by a marked decrease in muscle fiber cross-sectional area. Transcriptomic analysis identified 848 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in total, comprising 415 upregulated and 433 markedly downregulated DEGs, which were predominantly enriched in key biological pathways, including actin cytoskeleton regulation. Moreover, eleven core candidate genes, including MYL2, MYL3, and TNNI1, were further screened and identified. Full article

Objectives: The current study examined whether exercise training alleviates cigarette smoke (CS)-induced diaphragm dysfunction by modulating inflammation through the Wnt and Chemerin signaling pathways. Methods: Mechanical stretching was applied for 3 consecutive days to explore the effects on cell proliferation and chemerin/chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) expression in C2C12 cells pretreated with lipopolysaccharide. Male wild-type (WT) and CMKLR1 knockout (KO) mice (6–8 weeks old) were exposed to CS for 6 months (1–2 h a day, 6 days a week) to determine the role of chemerin/CMKLR1 in the progression of diaphragm dysfunction. Given that Wnt/β-catenin is a potential modulator of chemerin/CMKLR1, its expression was detected in CS-exposed mice and mice subjected to treadmill exercise training after CS exposure. Wnt/β-catenin agonist lithium chloride (LiCl) and antagonist XAV939 were then intraperitoneally injected into the CS-exposed mice during exercise training to further investigate their potential synergistic effects with exercise training on improving CS-induced diaphragm dysfunction. Isolated diaphragm contraction strength and fiber cross-sectional area were measured to determine the diaphragm dysfunction. Results: Mechanical stretching improved the proliferation level of myoblasts and decreased inflammation and CMKLR1 protein expression (p < 0.05). The KO mice showed diminished diaphragm dysfunction compared with the WT mice after long-term CS exposure. Combined LiCl and exercise training further enhanced the improvement of diaphragmatic isolated strength in mice exposed to CS (p < 0.01), activated the protein degradation and synthesis pathways, and decreased IL-1β level (p < 0.05). Combined XAV939 and exercise training significantly decreased chemerin protein level (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Exercise training can downregulate inflammation levels and improve diaphragm dysfunction in CS-exposed mice, partially by enhancing Wnt expression and reducing abnormally activated chemerin. Full article

Background: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is widely used in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), yet cumulative exposure may result in progressive retinal toxicity. Structural biomarkers capable of identifying subclinical damage remain incompletely defined. Methods: In this cross-sectional controlled study, 60 female SLE patients receiving HCQ for ≥5 years (22 with clinically detectable maculopathy and 38 without) and 30 healthy controls underwent a comprehensive ophthalmologic assessment including spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macular thickness parameters were analyzed. Logistic regression and ROC analysis evaluated exposure-related risk. Results: Patients with clinically detectable maculopathy demonstrated significant superior and temporal RNFL thinning compared with patients with clinically undetectable maculopathy and controls (p ≤ 0.021). Inferior quadrant thinning was detectable in patients without ophthalmoscopic changes, suggesting subclinical neuroaxonal involvement. Parafoveal macular thinning was observed exclusively in the clinically detectable maculopathy group (p = 0.041). Cumulative dose >1000 g independently predicted toxicity (OR 3.84; 95% CI 1.72–8.56). The combined structural–exposure model demonstrated strong discrimination (AUC 0.89). Conclusions: HCQ-related retinal structural changes may be detectable on OCT in the absence of clinically apparent retinal findings. Our results support the concept of a dose-associated structural continuum in HCQ-related retinal injury, involving both inner retinal neuroaxonal parameters and parafoveal macular alterations. However, the cross-sectional design does not allow determination of the temporal sequence of inner versus outer retinal changes. Further longitudinal studies with combined inner and outer retinal layer-specific analysis are required before these findings can inform modifications to current screening strategies. Full article

In this study, Fe₇₀Ni₃₀ metal was deposited onto continuous glass fiber composites via magnetron sputtering, followed by surface coating with SiO₂. The effects of key process parameters-including Fe₇₀Ni₃₀ sputtering duration (2, 5, 10, 20, and 30 min) and SiO₂ surface coating-on the electromagnetic properties and microwave absorption performance of the materials were systematically investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization revealed that as sputtering time increased, the metal coating evolved from discrete small particles into a continuous film. Cross-sectional SEM analysis further demonstrated the formation of a bilayer structure after SiO₂ introduction. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns confirmed the presence of diffraction peaks corresponding to the Fe₇₀Ni₃₀ alloy solid solution. Electromagnetic parameter measurements indicated that the influence of sputtering time on electromagnetic properties was primarily pronounced during the metal layer growth stage; once a continuous film was formed, the variation in electromagnetic parameters diminished. Concurrently, the SiO₂ coating exhibited a significant regulatory effect on dielectric parameters. Reflection coefficient calculations showed that the optimal absorption thickness for the single-layer material ranged from 2.5 to 3.0 mm, with the absorption peak shifting toward lower frequencies as thickness increased. However, the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) was only 3–5 GHz, failing to meet wideband requirements. In contrast, the three-layer composite structure (total thickness: 3.8 mm) optimized via genetic algorithm achieved impedance gradient and loss synergy, expanding the EBW (R < −10 dB) from 4.8 GHz (single layer) to 10 GHz (8–18.0 GHz)-a substantial improvement over the single-layer configuration. This work provides experimental evidence and technical support for the structural design and process optimization of lightweight, high-efficiency, wideband microwave-absorbing materials. Full article

The seismic fragility of reinforced concrete (RC) bridge piers is critical for urban rail transport systems, as severe pier damage may interrupt post-earthquake operation and threaten network safety. Compared with conventional highway bridge piers, urban rail transport RC solid piers usually have lower axial load ratios, larger cross-sections, and stricter serviceability requirements. However, the combined effects of geometric parameters, reinforcement detailing, and material strength on their cyclic behavior, dynamic response, and seismic fragility remain insufficiently understood. To address this issue, seven 1/4-scale RC solid pier specimens were tested under quasi-static cyclic loading to examine the effects of pier height, transverse reinforcement ratio, and longitudinal reinforcement ratio on damage evolution, hysteretic response, skeleton curves, and energy dissipation. A fiber-based OpenSees model considering bond-slip effects was then established, validated against the tests, and extended to a full-scale prototype pier for parametric analysis. The effects of aspect ratio, axial load ratio, longitudinal reinforcement ratio, stirrup ratio, steel yield strength, and concrete strength were evaluated under cyclic loading and nonlinear dynamic time-history excitations. An incremental dynamic analysis-based probabilistic seismic demand model was further developed using 30 near-fault ground motions, with peak ground acceleration as the intensity measure and displacement ductility as the engineering demand parameter. The results showed that increasing the aspect ratio changed the failure mode from flexure-shear-dominated to flexure-dominated behavior, increasing the ultimate displacement from 122 mm to 155 mm while reducing the peak lateral strength from 263 kN to 248 kN. Increasing the longitudinal reinforcement ratio improved both peak strength and ultimate displacement, from 226 kN to 262 kN and from 120 mm to 160 mm, respectively. The numerical results indicated that aspect ratio, axial load ratio, and longitudinal reinforcement ratio had more pronounced effects on seismic demand and fragility than stirrup ratio. Increasing steel yield strength generally reduced seismic fragility, whereas increasing concrete strength enhanced lateral resistance but did not necessarily improve fragility performance. These findings suggest that the seismic performance of urban rail transport RC solid piers should be evaluated by combining cyclic response, dynamic demand, and fragility-based performance, rather than by maximizing any single design parameter. Full article

Intramuscular lipomas are uncommon benign adipocytic neoplasms characterized by infiltrative growth within skeletal muscle. This report describes the clinical, imaging, surgical, and histopathologic findings of an infiltrative lipoma arising from the masseter muscle in a dog presenting with orofacial discomfort suggestive of neurologic or painful orofacial disorders. Ultrasonography demonstrated heterogeneously hyperechoic adipose tissue within the right masseter muscle. Computed tomography identified a progressively enlarging fat-attenuating intramuscular lesion containing infiltrative extensions and linear soft-tissue strands consistent with entrapped muscle fibers. Although imaging findings strongly favored an infiltrative intramuscular lipoma, well-differentiated liposarcoma could not be definitively excluded. Histopathology confirmed a non-encapsulated infiltrative intramuscular lipoma composed of mature adipocytes infiltrating between skeletal muscle fibers. Surgical debulking resulted in complete resolution of clinical signs during six months of follow-up. This case highlights that infiltrative fat-containing lesions of the masticatory musculature may mimic neurologic or painful orofacial disorders and emphasizes the value of cross-sectional imaging and histopathology for diagnosis and surgical planning. Full article

There is a lack of knowledge concerning the interlaminar fracture toughness of 3D-printed composite materials using both commercial filament composites and fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology from Markforged^®. In this investigation, additive manufacturing (AM) continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic (cFRT) specimens have been tested to characterize the initiation and propagation of interlaminar fracture toughness in mode I (G_I). Unidirectional glass fiber (GF)-reinforced polyamide 6 (PA) laminates were characterized by means of the double cantilever beam (DCB) test. These specimens were manufactured using a MarkTwo^® printer and tested without doublers, following a laminate configuration selected according to appropriate experimental findings reported in the state of the art, ensuring reliable fracture characterization. The experimental results exhibited repeatability and strong agreement between the modified compliance calibration (MCC) and modified beam theory (MBT) reduction methods. The resistance curve (R-curve) indicated a progressive increase in fracture resistance during crack propagation. To analyze the experienced failure mechanism during testing, the fracture surfaces of representative post-mortem DCB specimens were observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), revealing characteristic morphological features at two magnification levels. Moreover, representative cross-sections of the tested DCB specimens were electronically observed to analyze the interlaminar morphologies, showing an irregular and random distribution of the matrix, fiber, and voids between consecutive plies and adjacent deposited rasters. Compared with previously reported Markforged^® continuous fiber-reinforced systems, the GF/PA composite material exhibited intermediate initiation fracture toughness but lower propagation toughness. This study contributes to filling the existing gap in fracture toughness data for glass fiber-reinforced additively manufactured composites. Full article

Periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are linked through systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, yet it remains uncertain whether periodontal inflammatory burden independently reflects early, multi-organ microvascular vulnerability beyond glycemic exposure. This study aimed to assess the independent association between periodontal inflammatory burden, measured by PISA, and retinal microvascular impairment on OCT-A, and to examine relationships with renal trajectories, small-fiber neuropathy, and inflammatory/endothelial biomarkers. This cross-sectional observational study included 285 never-smoking adults with T2DM. The primary outcome was a pre-specified OCT-A microvascular impairment composite. Secondary outcomes included eGFR slope and log(UACR) slope, corneal nerve fiber length (CNFL), and a multi-organ microvascular burden score. Biomarkers comprised hsCRP, IL-6, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, sE-selectin, PAI-1, angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), and vWF:Ag. Multivariable linear regression estimated associations per 1 SD higher PISA, adjusting for age, sex, diabetes duration, HbA1c, CGM time in range, CGM coefficient of variation, systolic blood pressure, LDL cholesterol, BMI, and medication classes (SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, ACEi/ARB, statins). False discovery rate (FDR) control (q = 0.10) was applied for secondary endpoints. Higher PISA was independently associated with worse OCT-A microvascular impairment (adjusted β = 0.138, 95% CI 0.061–0.216; p = 0.0005). Although statistically significant, the effect sizes were modest in magnitude, and their translation into clinically meaningful differences in microvascular outcomes warrants investigation in prospective settings. Higher PISA was also associated with greater multi-organ microvascular burden (β = 0.101, 95% CI 0.040–0.163; p = 0.0014; FDR q = 0.005) and lower CNFL (β = −0.224, 95% CI −0.397 to −0.052; p = 0.0113; FDR q = 0.023). PISA was associated with higher levels of inflammatory and endothelial activation/injury biomarkers (all FDR q < 0.10). In this cross-sectional study, periodontal inflammatory burden was independently associated with quantitative retinal microvascular impairment, lower corneal nerve fiber length, and a consistent pattern of endothelial activation biomarker elevations in never-smoking adults with T2DM. The clinical significance of the observed effect sizes requires further evaluation, and longitudinal studies are needed to establish temporality. Full article

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measurements corrected by artificial intelligence (AI) compared to original uncorrected values for glaucoma detection in highly myopic patients. Methods: This cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy study included 57 eyes from highly myopic patients (31 with glaucoma, 26 without glaucoma). Peripapillary RNFL parameters were obtained using Spectralis optical coherence tomography (OCT). A deep learning algorithm (MGU-Net) was employed to automatically segment retinal layers and compensate for scan tilt in elongated eyes, producing AI-corrected measurements. RNFL thickness values were extracted for six sectoral parameters (ST, SN, N, IN, T, IT) and global. Diagnostic performance was assessed using area under the ROC curve (AUC) and compared between corrected and uncorrected values. Multivariable logistic regression models were also developed using stepwise selection. Results: AI-corrected values were significantly lower than original measurements in all sectors (p < 0.001), with mean differences ranging from 15 to 35 µm. In glaucomatous eyes, significant thinning was observed in the global (p = 0.049) and inferior nasal (IN) sector (p = 0.037) among corrected values. The highest AUCs were found in IN (0.69), IT (0.67), and global (0.66) for corrected values, and in IT (0.63), T (0.59), and global (0.63) for uncorrected data. A model combining ST, T, and IT AI-corrected values achieved an AUC of 0.79. Conclusions: AI-corrected RNFL thickness measurements improve consistency and enhance diagnostic performance in highly myopic glaucoma patients. Correction algorithms may reduce false positives and help reveal glaucomatous damage otherwise obscured by myopic anatomical changes. Full article