One of the important genes for eyespot development in butterfly wings is Distal-less. Its function has been evaluated via several methods, including CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. However, functional inhibition may be performed at the right time at the...
Butterfly wing color pattern formation is a process of two-dimensional morphogenesis involving long-range lateral signaling in pupal wing tissues. We hypothesized that TRP (transient receptor potential) channels, which are multimodal sensors for vari...
Wheat sharp eyespot is a soil-borne fungal disease commonly found in wheat areas in China, which can occur throughout the entire reproductive period of wheat and has a great impact on the yield and quality of wheat in China. By constructing a domain...
Cell division of unicellular microalgae is a fascinating process of proliferation, at which whole organelles are regenerated and distributed to two new lives. We performed dynamic live cell imaging of Euglena gracilis using optical microscopy to eluc...
Background: PIEZO channels are mechanoreceptors expressed in various cells. Their contributions to animal development are not entirely clear. According to the physical distortion hypothesis, developmental organizers for butterfly wing eyespots receiv...
Butterfly eyespot color patterns have been studied using several different approaches, including applications of physical damage to the forewing. Here, damage and distortion experiments were performed, focusing on the hindwing eyespots of the blue pa...
Eyespot foci on butterfly wings function as organizers of eyespot color patterns during development. Despite their importance, focal structures have not been examined in detail. Here, we microscopically examined scales, sockets, and the wing membrane...
Developmental plasticity refers to the property by which a genotype corresponds to distinct phenotypes depending on the environmental conditions experienced during development. This dependence of phenotype expression on environment is graphically rep...
Sharp eyespot and Fusarium crown rot, mainly caused by soil-borne fungi Rhizoctonia cerealis and Fusarium pseudograminearum, are destructive diseases of major cereal crops including wheat (Triticum aestivum). However, the mechanisms underlying wheat-...
Wheat sharp eyespot is a prevalent soil-borne disease that causes substantial economic losses in agriculture. Metconazole, a new triazole broad-spectrum fungicide, has demonstrated effective control of soil-borne diseases. Multi-walled carbon nanotub...
During the early pupal stage in butterflies, the peripheral portion of wing tissue undergoes apoptosis to finalize adult wing morphology, and wing color patterns are determined coordinately. We hypothesized that the development of wing morphology and...
Bacillus velezensis is a promising candidate for biocontrol applications. A common second messenger molecule, bis-(3,5)-cyclic-dimeric-guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP), has the ability to regulate a range of physiological functions that impact the...
The reaction of twenty-five winter wheat cultivars frequently grown in the Czech Republic to inoculation with Oculimacula yallundae and Oculimacula acuformis was evaluated in small plot trials from 2019 to 2021. The eyespot infection assessment was c...
Eyespots are functionally complex and highly variable elements of butterfly wing patterns. The Meadow Brown, Maniola jurtina, is a classic model species studied for variation in eyespots as an index of evolutionary divergence and adaptation. However,...
Combined seed treatment with neonicotinoids and fungicides offers a potential control measure for pest management at the wheat seeding stage. In this study, a novel, highly-efficient seed-coating agent was prepared using thifluzamide, fludioxonil, an...
Rhizoctonia cerealis is a major fungal pathogen of wheat that causes great yield losses in all wheat-growing regions of the world. The biocontrol agent Bacillus subtilis XZ18-3 was investigated for inhibiting R. cerealis growth in wheat. The results...
Butterfly wing color patterns are modified by various treatments, such as temperature shock, injection of chemical inducers, and covering materials on pupal wing tissue. Their mechanisms of action have been enigmatic. Here, we investigated the mechan...
Fusarium head blight (FHB) and sharp eyespot are important diseases of the cereal plants, including bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley. Both diseases are predominately caused by the pathogenic fungi, Fusarium graminearum and Rhizoctonia cerea...
Dense patches were observed in the tidal pools of the southern area of Korea. To clarify the causative organisms, the cells were collected and their morphological features were examined using light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition,...
Dwarfing is important for the production of wheat (Triticumaestivum L.). In model plants, receptor-like kinases have been implicated in signal transduction, immunity, and development. However, functional roles of lectin receptor-like kinases in wheat...
Sharp eyespot is a crucial disease affecting cereal plants, such as bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare), and is primarily caused by the pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia cerealis. As disease severity has increased, it has become...
As mobile devices allow access to an increasing amount of private data, using them in public can potentially leak sensitive information through shoulder surfing. This includes personal private data (e.g., in chat conversations) and business-related c...
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important staple crop. Sharp eyespot and common root rot are destructive diseases of wheat. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small peptides with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. In this study, we synthesized...
Eyespot is one of the most important fungal diseases of wheat in the Czech Republic. As part of a long-term study (2015–2024), the occurrence, population structure, and pathogenic variability of Oculimacula yallundae and Oculimacula acuformis w...
Rhizoctonia cerealis is the causal agent of sharp eyespot, a devastating disease of cereal crops including wheat. Several metalloproteases have been implicated in pathogenic virulence, but little is known about whole-genome metalloproteases in R. cer...
Animals frequently show complex colour patterns involved in social communication, which attracts great interest in evolutionary and behavioural ecology. Most researchers interpret that each colour in animals with multiple patches may either signal a...
Background: Metformin is a widely used oral hypoglycemic agent for treating type 2 diabetes. Planarians, with their remarkable regenerative abilities, are frequently employed as model organisms in stem cell and regeneration studies. This study aimed...
The application of fungicides in maize by the commonly used overhead spraying technique is more challenging than in small-grain cereals. Especially in later development stages, when the plant has reached a considerable height, lower plant organs (e.g...
Vision is essential for most organisms, and it is highly variable across kingdoms and domains of life. The most known and understood form is animal and human vision based on eyes. Besides the wide diversity of animal eyes, some animals such as cuttle...
The assignment of specific patterns of gene expression to specific cells in a complex tissue facilitates the connection between genotype and phenotype. Single-cell sequencing of whole tissues produces single-cell transcript resolution but lacks the s...
Insects can repair wounds and regenerate body parts in response to physical damage. Wound healing in butterfly pupal wing tissues is developmentally interesting because ectopic color patterns develop during healing, suggesting that normal and damage-...
The sharp eyespot, mainly caused by the soil-borne fungus Rhizoctonia cerealis, is a devastating disease endangering production of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Multi-Antimicrobial Extrusion (MATE) family genes are widely distributed in plant species, b...
Biostimulators with chemical protection are a challenge in sustainable agriculture to obtain high yield, healthy, and pesticide-free wheat. The aim of this four-year spring wheat field experiment was to assess the effectivity of using herbicide, mixe...
Metformin is one of the most commonly used medications to treat type 2 diabetes. In addition to lowering blood sugar, it can also promote the regeneration of certain organs or tissues. Planarian Dugesia japonica, with its remarkable regenerative capa...
Organic farming is becoming increasingly popular because it leads to healthier products. Due to limitations on the use of chemical protection, however, plants may be more susceptible to pathogen attacks. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determi...
Many toxic animals display bright colour patterns to warn predators about their toxicity. This sometimes leads other sympatric palatable organisms to evolve mimetic colour patterns to also evade predation. These mimics, however, are often imperfect,...
Crop management should be determined to reintroduce ancient wheat. This study aimed to determine: i. the response of the yield of ancient wheat on sowing density; ii. the impact of sowing density on plant health, weed infestation and pest occurrence....
Rhizoctonia cerealis is a worldwide soil-borne pathogenic fungus that significantly infects wheat and causes sharp eyespot in China. However, the biocontrol strains used for the control of Rhizoctonia cerealis are insufficient. In the present study,...
Embryos of the sunflower moth, Homoeosoma electellum (Hulst), were cryopreserved after modification to the method that was previously described for Pectinophora gossipiella. The workflow to develop the protocol consisted of methods to weaken the embr...
Rhizoctonia cerealis and Rhizoctonia solani are considered to be among the most harmful soil-borne pathogens for crop plants globally. The lack of effective protection and the requirement to minimize the use of chemical pesticides necessitate the nee...
We found the euryhaline microalga, Tetraselmis jejuensis sp. nov., which was adapted to supralittoral tide pools with salinities varying from 0.3–3.1%. Fifteen strains of T. jejuensis were isolated from Daejeong (DJ) and Yongduam (YO), and clonal cul...
CRISPR-Cas9 is revolutionizing the field of genome editing in non-model organisms. The robustness, ease of use, replicability and affordability of the technology has resulted in its widespread adoption among researchers. The African butterfly Bicyclu...
In this review dedicated to the great protistologist Edouard Chatton (1883–1947), I wanted to highlight the originality and remarkable diversity of some dinoflagellate protists through the lens of cell biology. Their fossilized traces date back...
In order to reduce the usage amount of pesticide fertilizers and protect the natural environment, seed coating agents are receiving increased wide concern. In this study, the active constituent (pesticide) and inactive components (surfactants and fil...
Two novel Chlamydomonas-like species, belonging to the Moewusii clade, have been described. The first species inhabits eutrophic and neutral to basic pH waters in Sweden and England. It is easily recognizable under a light microscope due to its morph...
The effect of mineral fertilization (NPK), foliar fertilization with micronutrients (Cu, Zn and Mn) and the NanoGro biostimulant on the severity of leaf, spike, stem base and root diseases in winter spelt cv. Schwabenkorn was evaluated in a field-plo...
Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP), which is the primary active ingredient in G. lucidum, has been widely used in functional food and clinical medicine. However, it is rarely reported in the prevention and control of plant diseases. In this study...
The nymphalid groundplan is an archetypical color pattern of nymphalid butterflies involving three major symmetry systems and a discal symmetry system, which share the basic morphogenesis unit. Here, the morphological and spatial relationships among...
A comprehensive two-year investigation (2024–2025) was conducted across Northeast China’s crucial grain production base to assess the status of maize diseases. Field surveys spanning three provinces and Inner Mongolia revealed a significa...
Rhizoctonia cerealis is the causal pathogen of the devastating disease, sharp eyespot, of the important crop wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In phytopathogenic fungi, several M36 metalloproteases have been implicated in virulence, but pathogenesis role...
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