Not all eye-tracking methodology and data processing are equal. While the use of eye-tracking is intricate because of its grounding in visual physiology, traditional 2D eye-tracking methods are supported by software, tools, and reference studies. Thi...
Eye-tracking is a biometrics technique that has started to find applications in research related to our interaction with the built environment. Depending on the focus of a given study, the collection of valence and arousal measurements can also be co...
The simulated data used in eye-tracking-related research has been largely generated using normative eye models with little consideration of how the variations in eye biometry found in the population may influence eye-tracking outcomes. This study inv...
Natural outdoor conditions pose unique obstacles for researchers, above and beyond those inherent to all mobile eye-tracking research. During analyses of a large set of eye-tracking data collected on geologists examining outdoor scenes, we have found...
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Eye-tracking in linguistics has focused mainly on reading at the level of the word or sentence. In this paper we discuss how the phenomenon of formulaic language might best be examined using this methodology. Formulaic language is fundamentally multi...
The costs of eye-tracking technologies steadily decrease. This allows research institutions to obtain multiple eye-tracking devices. Already, several multiple eye-tracker laboratories have been established. Researchers begin to recognize the subfield...
The “Content-Identifying Methodology”, or CIM, is an approach developed by environmental psychologists Rachel and Stephen Kaplan to understand the landscape characteristics that people find visually attractive. The Kaplans did this by sur...
Past research has discovered fractal structure in eye movement variability and interpreted this result as having theoretical ramifications. No research has, however, investigated how properties of the eye-tracking instrument might affect the structur...
Eye-tracking has become increasingly popular in second language (L2) research. In this study, we systematically reviewed 111 eye-tracking studies published in 17 L2 journals to explore the application and replicability of eye-tracking technology in L...
In recent decades, sustainable products have been increasingly investigated using eye-tracking. Eye-tracking is applied to the record eye movements and visual attention of consumers as they search for food, and from this, conclusions can be drawn abo...
This paper presents a comprehensive examination of eye-tracking technologies aimed at enhancing multimodal interactions within aviation environments. By reviewing and comparing various eye-tracking approaches, we provide valuable insights into their...
This paper describes a study of the evaluation of cartographic quality of urban plans in the Czech Republic using eye-tracking. Although map visualization is a crucial part of the urban planning process, only a few studies have focused on the evaluat...
Reading is a complex skill that requires accurate word recognition, fluent decoding, and effective comprehension. Children with dyslexia often face challenges in these areas, resulting in ongoing reading difficulties. This study systematically review...
The ability to detect users’ emotions for the purpose of emotion engineering is currently one of the main endeavors of machine learning in affective computing. Among the more common approaches to emotion detection are methods that rely on elect...
The difficulty level of learning tasks is a concern that often needs to be considered in the teaching process. Teachers usually dynamically adjust the difficulty of exercises according to the prior knowledge and abilities of students to achieve bette...
Visual perception is a complex psychological operation that is used to understand our environment. Its measurement gradually penetrates various areas of human life as well as the educational process. The presented study has a theoretical–analyt...
This study introduces the Eye-tracking Translation Software (ETS), a system that leverages eye-tracking data and real-time translation to enhance reading flow for non-native language users in complex, technical texts. By measuring the fixation durati...
The investigation of eye movements has been shown to provide valuable insights into a variety of cognitive processes. A limited number of recent studies have adopted eye-tracking to investigate the processes underlying simple and complex arithmetic....
Abnormal saccadic eye movements, such as longer anti-saccade latency and lower pro-saccade accuracy, are common in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of computerized...
The main purpose of this study is to compare the silent and loud reading ability of typical and dyslexic readers, using eye-tracking technology to monitor the reading process. The participants (156 students of normal intelligence) were first divided...
Using physiological data helps to identify the cognitive processing in the human brain. One method of obtaining these behavioral signals is by using eye-tracking technology. Previous cognitive psychology literature shows that readable and difficult-t...
This paper analyzes peer-reviewed empirical eye-tracking studies of behavior in web search engines. A framework is created to examine the effectiveness of eye-tracking by drawing on the results of, and discussions concerning previous experiments. Bas...
This study investigates the influence of the eye-camera location associated with the accuracy and precision of interpolation-based eye-tracking methods. Several factors can negatively influence gaze estimation methods when building a commercial or of...
Visual information is crucial in human life, not only providing critical support for communication, learning, and decision-making, but also playing a key role in psychology, medicine, and science. Eye-tracking and gaze estimation have promoted the de...
This paper describes a new tool for eye-tracking data and their analysis with the use of interactive 3D models. This tool helps to analyse interactive 3D models easier than by time-consuming, frame-by-frame investigation of captured screen recordings...
Eye-tracking technology is increasingly introduced in museums to assess their role in learning and knowledge transfer. However, their use provide limited quantitative and/or qualitative measures such as viewing time and/or gaze trajectory on an isola...
This paper describes a low-cost, robust, and accurate remote eye-tracking system that uses an industrial prototype smartphone with integrated infrared illumination and camera. Numerous studies have demonstrated the beneficial use of eye-tracking in d...
In recent years, the application of eye-tracking technology in urban studies has garnered increasing attention from researchers across various disciplines. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of the current applications of eye-tracking...
Fixation identification is an essential task in the extraction of relevant information from gaze patterns; various algorithms are used in the identification process. However, the thresholds used in the algorithms greatly affect their sensitivity. Mor...
Background: A case study is proposed to empirically test and discuss the eye-tracking status-quo hardware capabilities and limitations of an off-the-shelf virtual reality (VR) headset with embedded eye-tracking for at-home ready-to-go online usabilit...
Eye-tracking can help decode the intricate control mechanism in human performance. In healthcare, physicians-in-training require extensive practice to improve their healthcare skills. When a trainee encounters any difficulty in the practice, they wil...
This study focuses on the use of eye-tracking technology to analyse the rider’s visual attention during racing on a Ducati Panigale V2 motorcycle. Using the TOBII Pro Glasses 2 system, the rider’s gaze dynamics were recorded, including fi...
The main objective of this study is to investigate the effects of the emotional content of an event and participants’ perspective on the memory and eye-tracking measurements for central and peripheral de-tails. The data have been collected from 130 u...
This study investigates the relationship between eye-tracking metrics and emotional experiences in the context of cultural landscapes and tourism-related visual stimuli. Fifty-three participants were involved in two experiments: forty-three in the da...
Weather is one of the things that interest almost everyone. Weather maps are therefore widely used and many users use them in everyday life. To identify the potential usability problems of weather web maps, the presented research was conducted. Five...
Commercial aviation is currently one of the safest modes of transportation; however, human error is still one major contributing cause of aeronautical accidents and incidents. One promising avenue to further enhance flight safety is Neuroergonomics,...
Introduction: This study aimed to develop and validate an efficient eye-tracking algorithm suitable for the analysis of images captured in the visible-light spectrum using a smartphone camera. Methods: The investigation primarily focused on comparing...
The detection of university online learners’ reading ability is generally problematic and time-consuming. Thus the eye-tracking sensors have been employed in this study, to record temporal and spatial human eye movements. Learners’ pupils, blinks, fi...
Over the past decade, deep learning has achieved unprecedented successes in a diversity of application domains, given large-scale datasets. However, particular domains, such as healthcare, inherently suffer from data paucity and imbalance. Moreover,...
In high-risk industrial environments such as chemical plants, where operators are frequently exposed to time-sensitive hazards, ensuring strict safety protocol compliance is essential. Traditional safety training approaches often fail to effectively...
This study compares the roles of eye-tracking and verbal reports (think-alouds and retrospective verbal reports, RVRs) in L2 reading process research through three qualitative studies. Findings indicate that eye-tracking provided precise, quantitativ...
The aim of this review is to provide an in-depth analysis of literature pertaining to the use of eye-tracking equipment in the evaluation of radiological image interpretation by professionals in clinical practice. A systematic search of current liter...
Past studies have used eye-tracking glasses to analyze people’s perception of visual stimuli, usually regarding wayfinding, safety, or visual appeal. Some industries, such as the automotive industry, studied the effects of visual stimuli on tas...
We use simulations to investigate the effect of sampling frequency on common dependent variables in eye-tracking. We identify two large groups of measures that behave differently, but consistently. The effect of sampling frequency on these two groups...
Landmarks play an essential role in wayfinding and are closely related to cognitive processes. Eye-tracking data contain massive amounts of information that can be applied to discover the cognitive behaviors during wayfinding; however, little attenti...
This article presents the results of an experimental study that indicates a problem in assessing the effectiveness of security control operators, that is, the Hit Rate indicator. It was pointed out that there is a significant error in determining whe...
Autism spectrum disorder is a group of disorders marked by difficulties with social skills, repetitive activities, speech, and nonverbal communication. Deficits in paying attention to, and processing, social stimuli are common for children with autis...
This exploratory eye-tracking study investigates how the emotional content of food bank advertisements influences food donor perception and visual attention. It does so by addressing a gap in the literature on eye-tracking applications in food donati...
(1) Background: As digital technology continues to reshape visual landscapes, understanding how design elements influence customer experience has become essential. Eye-tracking technology offers a powerful, quantitative approach to assessing visibili...
Eye movement abnormalities in association with cognitive and emotional deficits have been described in neurological, neurodevelopmental, and psychiatric disorders. Eye-Tracking (ET) techniques could therefore enhance cognitive interventions by contin...
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