9,733 Results Found

DepA, a pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)-dependent enzyme isolated from Devosia mutans 17-2-E-8, exhibits versatility in oxidizing deoxynivalenol (DON) and its derivatives. This study explored DepA’s substrate specificity and enzyme kinetics, foc...

Alcalase was immobilized–stabilized on carrageenan beads following a previously described protocol. Then, the activities of free and immobilized enzymes were compared using different protein substrates (casein, (CS), bovine serum albumin (BSA),...

The catalytic role of near attack conformations (NACs), molecular states that lie on the pathway between the ground state (GS) and transition state (TS) of a chemical reaction, is not understood completely. Using a computational approach that combine...

It has been reported that the modification of immobilized glyoxyl–ficin with aldehyde dextran can promote steric hindrances that greatly reduce the activity of the immobilized protease against hemoglobin, while the protease still maintained a r...

Lipase B from Candida antarctica was immobilized on heterofunctional support octyl agarose activated with vinyl sulfone to prevent enzyme release under drastic conditions. Covalent attachment was established, but the blocking step using hexylamine, e...

Soil organic carbon (SOC) and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) are highly correlated with enzyme activities. Specific enzyme activities can exclude the autocorrelation between enzyme activity and SOC and MBC. However, the responses of absolute and spec...

In recent years, the development and application of site-specific immobilization technology for proteins have undergone significant advances, which avoids the unwanted and random covalent linkage between the support and active site of protein in the...

The immobilization of laccase (Aspergillus sp.) on chitosan by cross-linking and its application in bioconversion of phenolic compounds in batch reactors were studied. Investigation was performed using laccase immobilized via chemical cross-linking d...

Photosynthesis consists of a series of reactions catalyzed by redox enzymes to synthesize carbohydrates using solar energy. In order to take the advantage of solar energy, many researchers have investigated artificial photosynthesis systems mimicking...

Glycogen is the primary storage polysaccharide in bacteria and animals. It is a glucose polymer linked by α-1,4 glucose linkages and branched via α-1,6-linkages, with the latter reaction catalyzed by branching enzymes. Both the length and...

Many enzymes, particularly in one single family, with highly conserved structures and folds exhibit rather distinct substrate specificities. The underlying mechanism remains elusive, the resolution of which is of great importance for biochemistry, bi...

Background: Despite recent advances in cancer immunotherapy and the development of various assays for T cell assessment, a lack of universal standards within immune monitoring remains. The objective of this study was to evaluate the enzyme-linked imm...

The resource utilization of peach wood as agricultural waste holds significant importance for the sustainable development of the edible fungi industry, yet its regulatory effects on the physiology and safety of Lentinula edodes (L. edodes) remain unc...

Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDH), found in all kingdoms of life, form a superfamily of enzymes that primarily catalyse the oxidation of aldehydes to form carboxylic acid products, while utilising the cofactor NAD(P)+. Some superfamily members can also...

This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary melatonin supplementation on growth and diurnal non-specific immunity, antioxidant capacity, digestive enzyme activities, and circadian clock-related gene expression in crayfish (Procambarus clar...

The industrial use of sucrose phosphorylase (SP), an interesting biocatalyst for the selective transfer of α-glucosyl residues to various acceptor molecules, has been hampered by a lack of long-term stability and low activity towards alternative subs...

Serine hydroxymethyltransferase from the psychrophilic microorganism Psychromonas ingrahamii was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified as a His-tag fusion protein. The enzyme was characterized with respect to its spectroscopic, catalytic, and th...

Zearalenone (ZEN) contamination in food and feed is prevalent and has severe effects on humans and animals post-consumption. Therefore, a sensitive, specific, rapid, and reliable method for detecting a single residue of ZEN is necessary. This study a...

The increasing number of uncharacterized proteins in the CAZy database highlights the importance of their functional characterization. Therefore, the substrate and positional specificity of 34 α-L-arabinofuranosidases classified into GH43, GH51...

The lipases from Thermomyces lanuginosus (TLL) and Candida antarctica (B) (CALB) were immobilized on octyl-agarose beads at 1 mg/g (a loading under the capacity of the support) and by overloading the support with the enzymes. These biocatalysts were...

Four commercial immobilized lipases biocatalysts have been submitted to modifications with different metal (zinc, cobalt or copper) phosphates to check the effects of this modification on enzyme features. The lipase preparations were Lipozyme®TL...

Serine proteases constitute the major protein content of the cytoplasmic granules of several hematopoietic cell lineages. These proteases are encoded from four different loci in mammals. One of these loci, the chymase locus, has in rats experienced a...

Biocatalysis (the use of biological molecules or materials to catalyse chemical reactions) has considerable potential. The use of biological molecules as catalysts enables new and more specific syntheses. It also meets many of the core principles of...

The demand for the ubiquitous detection of gases in complex environments is driving the design of highly specific gas sensors for the development of the Internet of Things, such as indoor air quality testing, human exhaled disease detection, monitori...

We examined the ability of two human cytosolic transaminases, aspartate aminotransferase (GOT1) and alanine aminotransferase (GPT), to transform their preferred substrates whilst discriminating against similar metabolites. This offers an opportunity...

Adsorption of extracellular enzymes to soil minerals is assumed to protect them against degradation, while modifying their activities at the same time. However, the persistence of the activity of adsorbed enzymes remains poorly understood. Therefore,...

Techniques to incorporate non-natural amino acids (NNAAs) have enabled biosynthesis of proteins containing new building blocks with unique structures, chemistry, and reactivity that are not found in natural amino acids. It is crucial to understand h...

Lipases are among the most utilized enzymes in biocatalysis. In many instances, the main reason for their use is their high specificity or selectivity. However, when full modification of a multifunctional and heterogeneous substrate is pursued, enzym...

Formate dehydrogenases catalyze the reversible oxidation of formate to carbon dioxide. These enzymes play an important role in CO2 reduction and serve as nicotinamide cofactor recycling enzymes. More recently, the CO2-reducing activity of formate deh...

Plant peels could be a potential source of novel pectinases for use in various industrial applications due to their broad substrate specificity with high stability under extreme conditions. Therefore, the extraction conditions of a novel pectinase en...

Drainage of freshwater wetlands is common in coastal regions, although the effects on microbial extracellular enzyme activity (a key mediator of soil organic matter decomposition) in relation to spatial variability (microtopography and soil depth) ar...

Prokaryotes have an essential gene—gyrase—that catalyzes negative supercoiling of plasmid and chromosomal DNA. Negative supercoils influence DNA replication, transcription, homologous recombination, site-specific recombination, genetic tr...

Vanillyl alcohol oxidase (VAO) and eugenol oxidase (EUGO) are flavin-dependent enzymes that catalyse the oxidation of para-substituted phenols. This makes them potentially interesting biocatalysts for the conversion of lignin-derived aromatic monomer...

Terminal 2′-deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) is a unique enzyme capable of catalysing template-independent elongation of DNA 3′ ends during V(D)J recombination. The mechanism controlling the enzyme’s substrate specificity, which i...

Cold-active enzymes increase their catalytic efficiency at low-temperature, introducing structural flexibility at or near the active sites. Inevitably, this feat seems to be accompanied by lower thermal stability. These characteristics have made cold...

Most botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) products for esthetic use require reconstitution before administration. Ready-to-use relabotulinumtoxinA is a liquid manufactured using Precipitation-free Extraction and Activity-preserving, Refined Liquid (PEARL&trade...

Eversa® Transform (ET), and the lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus (TLL), liquid commercial lipases formulations, have been immobilized on octyl agarose beads and their stabilities were compared. Immobilized and free ET forms were more thermosta...

Microbial proteases constitute one of the most important groups of industrially relevant enzymes. Proline iminopeptidases (PIPs) that specifically release amino-terminal proline from peptides are of major interest for applications in food biotechnolo...

Anaerobic digestion (AD) of chicken litter (CL) is a viable alternative to disposal. However, methane yields from this primarily organic waste are quite low when mono-digested. This paper discusses the effect of an enzyme cocktail, trace element (TE)...

Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase-1A (DYRK1A) is an enzyme directly involved in Alzheimer’s disease, since its increased expression leads to β-amyloidosis, Tau protein aggregation, and subsequent formation of neurofibrillary...

The CDC73/HRPT2 gene, a defect which causes hyperparathyroidism–jaw tumor (HPT-JT) syndrome, encodes CDC73/parafibromin. We aimed to investigate whether CDC73 would be a target for ubiquitin–proteasome degradation. We cloned full-length c...

Cathepsin S (CatS) is a proteolytic enzyme and a member of the cysteine protease family of proteolytic enzymes. Cathepsins S, K, and L are particularly similar in terms of their amino acid sequences and interactions with substrates, and this has made...

The utility of restriction endonucleases as a tool in molecular biology is in large part due to the high degree of specificity with which they cleave well-characterized DNA recognition sequences. The specificity of restriction endonucleases is not ab...

Eukaryotic precursor tRNAs (pre-tRNAs) often have an intron between positions 37 and 38 of the anticodon loop. However, atypical introns are found in some eukaryotes and archaea. In an early-diverged red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae, the tRNAIle(UAU)...

Bacillus subtilis BsDyP belongs to class I of the dye-decolorizing peroxidase (DyP) family of enzymes and is an interesting biocatalyst due to its high redox potential, broad substrate spectrum and thermostability. This work reports the optimiza...

Mining of phospholipase D (PLD) with altered acyl group recognition except its head group specificity is also useful in terms of specific acyl size phospholipid production and as diagnostic reagents for quantifying specific phospholipid species. Micr...

Bryophytes, as early land plants, have evolved and developed a wide array of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense mechanisms to cope with oxidative stress. This review explores the intricate biochemical pathways of bryophyte antioxidant de...

Among industrially important pyridoxal-5’-phosphate (PLP)-dependent transaminases of fold type IV D-amino acid transaminases are the least studied. However, the development of cascade enzymatic processes, including the synthesis of D-amino acids, ren...

Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) is widely recognized for its high tolerance to marginal environments. However, a systematic understanding of its organ-specific transcriptional adaptation mechanisms under individually applied abiotic str...

Prenylation increases the structural diversity and biological activity of flavonoids. In this study, an aromatic prenyltransferase, FgPT1, was identified from Fusarium globosum. This enzyme was demonstrated to specifically catalyze the prenylation of...