126 Results Found

The two-parameter-fitting method (PFM) is commonly used to calculate the stopping-power ratio (SPR). This study proposes a new formalism: a three-PFM, which can be used in multiple spectral computed tomography (CT). Using a photon-counting CT system,...

Identifying the grain distribution and grain boundaries of nanoparticles is important for predicting their properties. Experimental methods for identifying the crystallographic distribution, such as precession electron diffraction, are limited by the...

The rapid progress in materials science that enables the design of materials down to the nanoscale also demands characterization techniques able to analyze the materials down to the same scale, such as transmission electron microscopy. As Belgium&rsq...

The X-ray imaging field is currently undergoing a period of rapid technological innovation in diagnostic imaging equipment. An important recent development is the advent of new X-ray detectors, i.e., photon-counting detectors (PCD), which have been i...

Performance of the E-state descriptors was tested against simple counts of the 35 atom types that the Kier-Hall E-states are based upon, by building PLS models for clogP, aqueous solubility, human intestinal absorption (HIA) and blood brain barrier (...

We review light assisted collisions in a high-density far-off resonant optical trap (FORT). By tuning the parameters of the light that induces the collisions, the effects of the collisions can be controlled. Trap loss can be suppressed even at high a...

In the realm of quantum communication and photonic technologies, the extension of coherence time for photon wave packets is essential for improving system efficacy. This research introduces a methodology for measuring coherence time utilizing an unba...

Photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) is a new advanced imaging technique that is going to transform the standard clinical use of computed tomography (CT) imaging. Photon-counting detectors resolve the number of photons and the incident X-ray en...

A number of (hetero)boranes are known in which a main group atom X ‘bridges’ a B—B connectivity in the open face, and in such species X has previously been described as simply a bridge or, alternatively, as a vertex in a larger clus...

For the excitation of the n = 2 states of hydrogen atoms due to electron impact, we compared the experimental and theoretical ratios of the cross-sections σ_2s/σ_2p. We found this theoretical ratio to be systematically higher than the corre...

The calcium- and strontium- alumo-germanides Sr_xCa_1–xAl₂Ge₂ (x ≈ 0.4) and SrAl₂Ge₂ have been synthesized and structurally characterized. Additionally, a binary calcium germanide CaGe has also been identified as a byproduct. All three crys...

Counting the number of work cycles per unit of time of earthmoving excavators is essential in order to calculate their productivity in earthmoving projects. The existing methods based on computer vision (CV) find it difficult to recognize the work cy...

Ultraviolet (UV) studies in astronomy, cosmology, planetary studies, biological and medical applications often require precision detection of faint objects and in many cases require photon-counting detection. We present an overview of two approaches...

Graphene is a highly promising material in the development of new photodetector technologies, in particular due its tunable optoelectronic properties, high mobilities and fast relaxation times coupled to its atomic thinness and other unique electrica...

We study cavity quantum electrodynamics of Bose-condensed atoms that are subjected to continuous monitoring of the light leaking out of the cavity. Due to a given detection record of each stochastic realization, individual runs spontaneously break th...

A model for the description of proton collisions from molecules composed of atoms such as hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and phosphorus (H, C, N, O, P) was recently extended to treat collisions with multiply charged ions with a focus on net ioniz...

Highly durable and antimicrobial tantalum nitride/copper (TaN/Cu) nanocomposite coatings were deposited on D-9 stainless steel substrates by pulsed magnetron sputtering. The Cu content in the coating was varied in the range of 1.42–35.42 atomic...

A NanoSIMS 50 L was used to study the relationship between the ²³⁵U/²³⁸U atomic and ²³⁵U¹⁶O/²³⁸U¹⁶O molecular uranium isotope ratios determined from a variety of uranium compounds (UO₂, UO₂F₂, UO₃, UO₂(NO₃)₂·6(H₂O), and UF₄) and silicates (NIST-610 g...

In this study, a high sampling rate data acquisition system with the ability to provide timestamp, pulse shape information, and waveform simultaneously under a sub megahertz pulse counting rate was developed for radiation diagnostics for magnetic con...

Hypercoordinate transition-metal species are mainly dominated by the 18-valence-electron (18ve) counting. Herein, we report ternary MAl₆S₆ (M = Ni, Pd, Pt) clusters with the planar hexacoordinate metal (phM) centers, which feature 16ve counting inste...

Copper homometallic and copper-rich heterometallic nanoclusters with some Cu(0) character are reviewed. Their structure and stability are discussed in terms of their number of “free” electrons. In many aspects, this structural chemistry d...

A total of 250 known and novel compounds—ketamine and serotonergic psychedelics or their analogues—designed to target depression, addictions and/or other mental or neurological disorders and developed as “recreational” (illega...

A convenient thulium fiber laser source is described with 3 W of output power operating at a wavelength of 2059 nm with a slope efficiency of 49% with respect to input pump power and 60% with respect to absorbed pump power. The laser was applied in a...

We aimed to determine the risk factors for postoperative overactive bladder (OAB) in patients treated with an adjustable trans-obturator male system (ATOMS) for stress incontinence after radical treatment of prostate cancer. A prospective study was p...

The study proposes a novel speckle interferometric method for detecting and quantifying microplastic leaching from paper cups, addressing concerns raised by the World Health Organization regarding human health risks. Hot water at varying temperatures...

This study presents a methodology to reveal traces of viral particles, as aerosol with known chemical and molecular structure, in a sample by means of photon and electron interactions. The method is based on Monte Carlo simulations and on the analysi...

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are cylindrical nanostructures fabricated from carbon atoms that seem like seamless cylinders composed of rolled sheets of graphite. Owing to the unique properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), they are a promisi...

The photon counting detector (PCD) in computed tomography (CT) can count the number of incoming photons in order to obtain energy information for photons corresponding to user-defined thresholds. Research on the extraction of effective atomic number...

Plastic scintillators are widely used in various radiation measurement applications, and the use of plastic scintillators for nuclear applications including decommissioning, such as gamma-ray detection and measurement, is an important concern. With r...

Viscosity is a curial indicator for evaluating asphalt performance, representing its ability to resist deformation under external forces. The Green–Kubo integral in equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations and the Muller-Plathe algorithm in r...

Kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) are a very powerful tool for investigating enzyme mechanisms. Precision of measurement is the most important factor for KIE determinations, especially for small heavy atom KIEs. Internal competition is commonly used to...

There are several chemical indices that have been introduced in theoretical chemistry to measure the properties of molecular topology, such as distance-based topological indices, degree-based topological indices and counting-related topological indic...

Exploratory synthesis in the area of polar intermetallics has yielded a rich variety of structures that offer clues into the transition in bonding between Zintl and Hume-Rothery phases. In this article, we present a bonding analysis of one such comp...

We conducted molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the structural evolution of molten slag composed of wheat straw (WS) and Shenhua (SH) coal. The content of wheat straw in the slag was varied from 0 to 100 wt%. The MD results indicated...

Inconel 617 (IN617) is a promising structural material for advanced nuclear systems such as heat pipe-cooled reactors, but its fundamental defect evolution under neutron irradiation remains poorly understood. This study employs classical molecular dy...

Recognizing the bonding situations in chemical compounds is of fundamental interest for materials design because this very knowledge allows us to understand the sheer existence of a material and the structural arrangement of its constituting atoms. S...

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic hemoglobinopathy characterized by chronic hemolysis. Chronic hemolysis is promoted by increased oxidative stress. Our hypothesis was that some antioxidant micronutrients (retinol, tocopherol, selenium, and zinc)...

The nascent field of computationally aided molecular design will be built around the ability to make computation useful to synthetic chemists who draw on their empirically based chemical intuition to synthesize new and useful molecules. This fact pos...

The dual oil circuit centrifugal fuel nozzle is made of martensitic stainless steel, which has complex morphological characteristics. The surface roughness characteristics of the fuel nozzle directly affect the degree of fuel atomization and the spra...

Multichannel vortex beams serve as an essential physical source for enabling multi-spot laser processing and high-dimensional spatial multiplexing communications. We demonstrate a compact, flexibly tunable multichannel vortex beam generator using spa...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial properties of graphene oxide (GO) against Enterococcus faecalis in vitro conditions and when used to coat dentin surface to prevent E. faecalis adhesion. The ATCC strain of E. faecalis 29212 has...

Background: A total of 348 pesticides from different chemical families (carbamates, organochlorines organophosphorus compounds, pyrethroids, triazines and miscellaneous) were investigated in the context of their cornea permeability and potential to c...

The C–X bond cleavage in different methyl halides (CH₃X; X = Cl, Br, I) mediated by 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole-bis(dimethylglyoximate)cobalt(II) (Co^IICbx) was theoretically investigated in the present work. An S_N2-like mechanism was considered t...

The nanoporous structure of coal is crucial for the occurrence and development of coalbed methane (CBM). This study, leveraging the combined characterization of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Gwyddion software (v2.62), investigated six anthracite...

Synthesis, isolation, and structural characterization of unique metal rich diamagnetic cobaltaborane clusters are reported. They were obtained from reactions of monoborane as well as modified borohydride reagents with cobalt sources. For example, the...

A recently developed valence-bond-based multireference density functional theory, named λ-DFVB, is revisited in this paper. λ-DFVB remedies the double-counting error of electron correlation by decomposing the electron–electron int...

Hematite (α-Fe₂O₃) is one of the most promising and widely used semiconductors for application in photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting, owing to its moderate bandgap in the visible spectrum and earth abundance. However, α-Fe₂O₃ is l...

In this paper, we give a basic structure theorem based on the study of extreme cases for the value of ≺ (the classical precedence relation between ultrafilters), i.e., $\prec =\varnothing$ and no isolated element in ≺. This gives rise, respect...

Urban air quality is increasingly being studied as a fraction of the world’s population is living in megacities. In this study, particulate matter (PM) along Taft Avenue, Manila, the Philippines, is investigated in terms of its ability to induc...

Background: stress urinary incontinence (SUI) still represents a major drawback of prostate surgery. The aim of this study is to evaluate long term efficacy, safety and survival of ATOMS system implant in a single center. Methods: we retrospectively...