Sign in to use this feature.

Years

Between: -

Subjects

remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline

Journals

Article Types

Countries / Regions

Search Results (13)

Search Parameters:
Keywords = abdominal aortic calcification (AAC)

Order results
Result details
Results per page
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
25 pages, 2329 KiB  
Article
Genomic Characterisation of the Relationship and Causal Links Between Vascular Calcification, Alzheimer’s Disease, and Cognitive Traits
by Emmanuel O. Adewuyi and Simon M. Laws
Biomedicines 2025, 13(3), 618; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13030618 - 3 Mar 2025
Viewed by 1094
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Observational studies suggest a link between vascular calcification and dementia or cognitive decline, but the evidence is conflicting, and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, we investigate the shared genetic and causal relationships of vascular calcification—coronary artery calcification (CAC) and abdominal aortic [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Observational studies suggest a link between vascular calcification and dementia or cognitive decline, but the evidence is conflicting, and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, we investigate the shared genetic and causal relationships of vascular calcification—coronary artery calcification (CAC) and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC)—with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and five cognitive traits. Methods: We analyse large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics, using well-regarded methods, including linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC), Mendelian randomisation (MR), pairwise GWAS (GWAS-PW), and gene-based association analysis. Results: Our findings reveal a nominally significant positive genome-wide genetic correlation between CAC and AD, which becomes non-significant after excluding the APOE region. CAC and AAC demonstrate significant negative correlations with cognitive performance and educational attainment. MR found no causal association between CAC or AAC and AD or cognitive traits, except for a bidirectional borderline-significant association between AAC and fluid intelligence scores. Pairwise-GWAS analysis identifies no shared causal SNPs (posterior probability of association [PPA]3 < 0.5). However, we find pleiotropic loci (PPA4 > 0.9), particularly on chromosome 19, with gene association analyses revealing significant genes in shared regions, including APOE, TOMM40, NECTIN2, and APOC1. Moreover, we identify suggestively significant loci (PPA4 > 0.5) on chromosomes 1, 6, 7, 9 and 19, implicating pleiotropic genes, including NAV1, IPO9, PHACTR1, UFL1, FHL5, and FOCAD. Conclusions: Current findings reveal limited genetic correlation and no significant causal associations of CAC and AAC with AD or cognitive traits. However, significant pleiotropic loci, particularly at the APOE region, highlight the complex interplay between vascular calcification and neurodegenerative processes. Given APOE’s roles in lipid metabolism, neuroinflammation, and vascular integrity, its involvement may link vascular and neurodegenerative disorders, pointing to potential targets for further investigation. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 261 KiB  
Article
Study of the Association Between Diets Containing Nuts and Seeds and the Degree of Abdominal Aortic Calcification
by Larry A. Tucker
Nutrients 2024, 16(24), 4325; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16244325 - 15 Dec 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1550
Abstract
Background: The association between nuts and seeds (nuts/seeds) consumption and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) has been studied rarely, if at all. However, AAC is a good marker of CVD risk and premature mortality. Consequently, the present observational study was conducted. It had [...] Read more.
Background: The association between nuts and seeds (nuts/seeds) consumption and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) has been studied rarely, if at all. However, AAC is a good marker of CVD risk and premature mortality. Consequently, the present observational study was conducted. It had two primary purposes: (1) to determine the relationship between the consumption of nuts/seeds and AAC, and (2) to examine the effects of nine potential confounding variables on the relationship between nuts/seeds consumption and AAC. Methods: The sample included 2611 randomly selected adults representative of the United States population. Data were collected as part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The outcome measure was AAC, divided into three categories: none, mild, and moderate/severe. Total consumption of nuts/seeds was assessed utilizing the mean of two diet recall assessments. Results: There was an inverse dose–response relationship between categories of nuts/seeds consumption and AAC, with age, sex, and race controlled (F = 6.4, p = 0.0233). After controlling for the demographic variables and physical activity, hypertension status, waist circumference, diabetes status, and smoking, the relationship between nuts/seeds and AAC was minimally affected (F = 6.0, p = 0.0268). Conclusions: In conclusion, nuts/seeds consumption appears to differentiate among adults with different levels of AAC. Control of many covariates had little impact on the associations. The recommendations of the U.S. Dietary Guidelines (2020–2025) that encourage the eating of nuts/seeds are supported by the results of this investigation. Full article
9 pages, 2673 KiB  
Article
Association between Abdominal Aortic Calcification and Coronary Heart Disease in Essential Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study from the 2013–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
by Lan He, Xu Li, E Shen and Yong-Ming He
J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2024, 11(5), 143; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd11050143 - 2 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1886
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate the association between abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) and coronary heart disease (CHD) in essential hypertension (EH). Methods: This study included patients diagnosed with EH during the 2013–2014 NHANES survey cycle. The study cohort was categorized into the [...] Read more.
Background: This study aimed to investigate the association between abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) and coronary heart disease (CHD) in essential hypertension (EH). Methods: This study included patients diagnosed with EH during the 2013–2014 NHANES survey cycle. The study cohort was categorized into the following four groups based on their AAC-24 score: no AAC (0); mild AAC (1–4); moderate AAC (5–15); and severe AAC (16–24). Logistic regression models were used to assess the association between AAC and CHD. Restricted cubic spline curves (RCS) were used to explore possible nonlinear relationships between AAC and CHD. Results: The prevalence of CHD was found to be higher in the moderate AAC and severe AAC groups than in the group without AAC (40.1% versus 30.9%, 47.7% versus 30.9%). On a continuous scale, the fully adjusted model showed a 7% increase in the risk of CHD prevalence per score increase in AAC [OR (95% CI) = 1.07 (1.03–1.11)]. On a categorical scale, the fully adjusted model showed the risk of CHD prevalence in EH patients with moderate AAC and severe AAC was 2.06 (95%CI, 1.23–3.45) and 2.18 (1.09–5.25) times higher than that in patients without AAC, respectively. The RCS curve suggested a dose-response linear relationship between AAC and CHD. Conclusion: These findings highlight that in patients with EH, a higher severity of AAC is associated with a higher risk of CHD prevalence. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 1758 KiB  
Article
Automatic Segmentation and Quantification of Abdominal Aortic Calcification in Lateral Lumbar Radiographs Based on Deep-Learning-Based Algorithms
by Kexin Wang, Xiaoying Wang, Zuqiang Xi, Jialun Li, Xiaodong Zhang and Rui Wang
Bioengineering 2023, 10(10), 1164; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10101164 - 5 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1980
Abstract
To investigate the performance of deep-learning-based algorithms for the automatic segmentation and quantification of abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) in lateral lumbar radiographs, we retrospectively collected 1359 consecutive lateral lumbar radiographs. The data were randomly divided into model development and hold-out test datasets. The [...] Read more.
To investigate the performance of deep-learning-based algorithms for the automatic segmentation and quantification of abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) in lateral lumbar radiographs, we retrospectively collected 1359 consecutive lateral lumbar radiographs. The data were randomly divided into model development and hold-out test datasets. The model development dataset was used to develop U-shaped fully convolutional network (U-Net) models to segment the landmarks of vertebrae T12–L5, the aorta, and anterior and posterior aortic calcifications. The AAC lengths were calculated, resulting in an automatic Kauppila score output. The vertebral levels, AAC scores, and AAC severity were obtained from clinical reports and analyzed by an experienced expert (reference standard) and the model. Compared with the reference standard, the U-Net model demonstrated a good performance in predicting the total AAC score in the hold-out test dataset, with a correlation coefficient of 0.97 (p <0.001). The overall accuracy for the AAC severity was 0.77 for the model and 0.74 for the clinical report. Additionally, the Kendall coefficient of concordance of the total AAC score prediction was 0.89 between the model-predicted score and the reference standard, and 0.88 between the structured clinical report and the reference standard. In conclusion, the U-Net-based deep learning approach demonstrated a relatively high model performance in automatically segmenting and quantifying ACC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Biosignal Processing)
Show Figures

Figure 1

10 pages, 665 KiB  
Article
Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography and Abdominal Aortic Calcification Screening among High-Risk Living Kidney Donors
by Keren Skalsky, Arthur Shiyovich, Nir Hochwald, Amos Levi, Lutof Zreik, Shlomit Tamir, Gideon Shafir, Anat Briger, Ruth Rahamimov, Ran Kornowski and Ashraf Hamdan
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(13), 4541; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12134541 - 7 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1754
Abstract
Background: A unique scanning protocol combining coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) with routine abdominal CTA is being used at the Rabin Medical Center as a method of screening high-risk candidates for living kidney donation. We aim to evaluate the potential impact of coronary [...] Read more.
Background: A unique scanning protocol combining coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) with routine abdominal CTA is being used at the Rabin Medical Center as a method of screening high-risk candidates for living kidney donation. We aim to evaluate the potential impact of coronary CTA on the decision regarding eligibility for kidney donation and its correlation with abdominal aortic calcification (AAC). Methods: CCTA and abdominal CTA results of potential living kidney donors evaluated for donation between September 2020 and November 2021 were retrieved. A retrospective analysis of the abdominal CTA was used to calculate the AAC. Patients’ demographic, clinical, and imaging data were collected from the electronic files, as well as the final decision regarding eligibility for donation. Results: A total of 62 potential kidney donors were evaluated for donation using the combined scan. The mean age was 53.8 years, with male predominance (59.7%). Significant coronary artery stenosis (≥70% luminal stenosis) was present in two patients (3.2%), whereas five patients (8%) had moderate stenosis (50–69%). Thirteen patients (21%) were disqualified from donation due to moderate-to-significant coronary artery disease or abdominal atherosclerosis. The correlation between the coronary artery calcium score and the AAC was found to be positive, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.88 (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The use of coronary CTA in the evaluation of potential kidney donors may has a potential impact on the decision regarding eligibility for donation. A high correlation between the coronary artery calcium score and the AAC was found. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Cardiovascular Medicine)
Show Figures

Figure 1

21 pages, 3129 KiB  
Article
The Correlation between the Vascular Calcification Score of the Coronary Artery and the Abdominal Aorta in Patients with Psoriasis
by Trang Nguyen-Mai Huynh, Fumikazu Yamazaki, Izumi Kishimoto, Akihiro Tanaka, Yonsu Son, Yoshio Ozaki, Kazuya Takehana and Hideaki Tanizaki
Diagnostics 2023, 13(2), 274; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13020274 - 11 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3052
Abstract
Psoriasis is known as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease due to its chronic inflammation. Studies have been conducted to evaluate the progress of atherosclerotic plaques in psoriasis. However, inadequate efforts have been made to clarify the relationship between atherosclerosis progress in [...] Read more.
Psoriasis is known as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease due to its chronic inflammation. Studies have been conducted to evaluate the progress of atherosclerotic plaques in psoriasis. However, inadequate efforts have been made to clarify the relationship between atherosclerosis progress in coronary arteries and other important blood vessels. For that reason, we investigated the correlation and development of the coronary artery calcification score (CACS) and the abdominal aortic calcification score (AACS) during a follow-up examination. Eighty-three patients with psoriasis underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) for total CACS and abdominal computed tomography (AbCT) for total AACS. PASI score, other clinical features, and blood samples were collected at the same time. The patients’ medical histories were also retrieved for further analysis. Linear regression was used to analyze the CACS and AACS associations. There was a moderate correlation between CACS and AACS, while both calcification scores relatively reflected the coronary plaque number, coronary stenosis number, and stenosis severity observed with CCTA. Both calcification scores were independent of the PASI score. However, a significantly higher CACS was found in psoriatic arthritis, whereas no similar phenomenon was recorded for AACS. To conclude, both CACS and AACS might be potential alternative tests to predict the presence of coronary lesions as confirmed by CCTA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Medical Image Analysis)
Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 327 KiB  
Article
Vascular Calcification Is Associated with Fetuin-A and Cortical Bone Porosity in Stone Formers
by Fernanda Guedes Rodrigues, Rodrigo Fernandes Carvalho Azambuja Neves, Milene Subtil Ormanji, Priscila Ligeiro Gonçalves Esper, Melissa Gaspar, Rosa Maria Rodrigues Pereira, Lucio R. Requião-Moura, Martin H. de Borst and Ita Pfeferman Heilberg
J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12(7), 1120; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12071120 - 10 Jul 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2543
Abstract
Background: Nephrolithiasis has been associated with bone loss and vascular calcification (VC), reflecting abnormal extraosseous calcium deposition. Fetuin-A (Fet-A) acts as a potent inhibitor of ectopic mineralization. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of VC in stone formers [...] Read more.
Background: Nephrolithiasis has been associated with bone loss and vascular calcification (VC), reflecting abnormal extraosseous calcium deposition. Fetuin-A (Fet-A) acts as a potent inhibitor of ectopic mineralization. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of VC in stone formers (SF) and non-stone formers (NSF) and to investigate potential determinants of VC among SF, including circulating levels of Fet-A and bone microarchitecture parameters. Methods: Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) was assessed using available computed tomography in SF and in age-, sex-, and BMI-matched NSF (potential living kidney donors). Serum Fet-A was measured in stored blood samples from SF. Bone microarchitecture parameters were obtained as a post hoc analysis of a cross-sectional cohort from young SF evaluated by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT). Results: A total of 62 SF (38.0 [28.0–45.3] years old) and 80 NSF (40.0 [37.0–45.8] years old) were included. There was no significant difference in AAC scores between SF and NSF. However, when dividing SF according to mean AAC score, below <5.8% (n = 33) or above ≥5.8% (n = 29), SF with higher AAC presented significantly higher BMI and tibial cortical porosity (Ct.Po) and significantly lower serum HDL, klotho, Fet-A, and eGFR. Urinary calcium did not differ between groups, but fractional excretion of phosphate was higher in the former. Upon multivariate regression, BMI, serum Fet-A, and tibial Ct.Po remained independently associated with AAC. Conclusions: This study suggests an association between reduced circulating Fet-A levels and increased bone Ct.Po with VC in SF. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Clinical Medicine, Cell, and Organism Physiology)
Show Figures

Graphical abstract

14 pages, 940 KiB  
Article
Abdominal Aortic Calcification and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease: Findings from KNOW-CKD Study
by Sang Heon Suh, Tae Ryom Oh, Hong Sang Choi, Chang Seong Kim, Eun Hui Bae, Kook-Hwan Oh, Joongyub Lee, Yun Kyu Oh, Ji Yong Jung, Seong Kwon Ma, Soo Wan Kim and on behalf of the Korean Cohort Study for Outcomes in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (KNOW-CKD) Investigators
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(5), 1157; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11051157 - 22 Feb 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2512
Abstract
To investigate the association between abdominal aortic calcification score (AACS) assessed by plain radiograph of the lateral abdomen and the risk of cardiovascular (CV) events in patients with pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD), a total of 2090 pre-dialysis CKD patients from the Korean [...] Read more.
To investigate the association between abdominal aortic calcification score (AACS) assessed by plain radiograph of the lateral abdomen and the risk of cardiovascular (CV) events in patients with pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD), a total of 2090 pre-dialysis CKD patients from the Korean Cohort Study for Outcome in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (KNOW-CKD) were categorized by AACS into 0, 1–2, 3–4, 5–6, and ≥7. The primary outcome of the study was the composite CV events, defined as a composite of non-fatal CV events and all-cause death. The risk of composite CV events was significantly higher in the subjects with AACS ≥ 7 (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.888, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.219 to 2.923), compared to that of the subjects with AACS 0. The risks of fatal and non-fatal CV events (adjusted HR 1.052, 95% CI 1.030 to 1.073) and all-cause death (adjusted HR 1.949, 95% CI 1.073 to 3.539) were also significantly higher in the subjects with AACS ≥ 7. In conclusion, AACS assessed by plain radiograph is independently associated with adverse CV outcomes in patients with pre-dialysis CKD. A simple radiographic examination of the lateral abdomen may help CV risk stratification in this population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Nephrology & Urology)
Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 1322 KiB  
Article
The Novel Bone Alkaline Phosphatase Isoform B1x Is Associated with Improved 5-Year Survival in Chronic Kidney Disease
by Mathias Haarhaus, Anders Fernström, Abdul Rashid Qureshi and Per Magnusson
Nutrients 2021, 13(12), 4402; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13124402 - 9 Dec 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3482
Abstract
Circulating alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an independent cardiovascular risk marker. Serum bone ALP (BALP) isoforms indicate bone turnover and comprise approximately 50% of total circulating ALP. In chronic kidney disease (CKD), mortality is highest in patients with increased ALP and BALP and low [...] Read more.
Circulating alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an independent cardiovascular risk marker. Serum bone ALP (BALP) isoforms indicate bone turnover and comprise approximately 50% of total circulating ALP. In chronic kidney disease (CKD), mortality is highest in patients with increased ALP and BALP and low bone turnover. However, not all low bone turnover states are associated with increased mortality. Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, features of protein energy wasting syndrome, induce cardiovascular BALP activity and fibro-calcification, while bone turnover is suppressed. Circulating BALP isoform B1x is associated with low ALP and low bone turnover and has been exclusively detected in CKD. We investigated the association of serum B1x with survival, abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) score, and aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) in CKD. Serum ALP, BALP isoforms, parathyroid hormone (PTH), PWV, and AAC were measured repeatedly over 2 years in 68 prevalent dialysis patients. Mortality was assessed after 5 years. B1x was detected in 53 patients. A competing risk analysis revealed an association of B1x with improved 5-year survival; whereas, baseline PWV, but not AAC score, predicted mortality. However, PWV improved in 26 patients (53%), and B1x was associated with variation of PWV over time (p = 0.03). Patients with B1x had lower PTH and total ALP, suggesting an association with lower bone turnover. In conclusion, B1x is associated with time-varying PWV, lower circulating ALP, and improved survival in CKD, and thus may be an indicator of a reduced cardiovascular risk profile among patients with low bone turnover. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 1621 KiB  
Article
The Vessels-Bone Axis: Iliac Artery Calcifications, Vertebral Fractures and Vitamin K from VIKI Study
by Maria Fusaro, Giovanni Tripepi, Mario Plebani, Cristina Politi, Andrea Aghi, Fulvia Taddei, Enrico Schileo, Martina Zaninotto, Gaetano La Manna, Giuseppe Cianciolo, Maurizio Gallieni, Laura Cosmai, Piergiorgio Messa, Maura Ravera, Thomas L. Nickolas, Serge Ferrari, Markus Ketteler, Giorgio Iervasi, Maria Cristina Mereu, Roberto Vettor, Sandro Giannini, Lorenzo Gasperoni, Stefania Sella, Maria Luisa Brandi, Luisella Cianferotti and Raffaele De Caterinaadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Nutrients 2021, 13(10), 3567; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13103567 - 12 Oct 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3657
Abstract
Vascular calcification and fragility fractures are associated with high morbidity and mortality, especially in end-stage renal disease. We evaluated the relationship of iliac arteries calcifications (IACs) and abdominal aortic calcifications (AACs) with the risk for vertebral fractures (VFs) in hemodialysis patients. The VIKI [...] Read more.
Vascular calcification and fragility fractures are associated with high morbidity and mortality, especially in end-stage renal disease. We evaluated the relationship of iliac arteries calcifications (IACs) and abdominal aortic calcifications (AACs) with the risk for vertebral fractures (VFs) in hemodialysis patients. The VIKI study was a multicenter cross-sectional study involving 387 hemodialysis patients. The biochemical data included bone health markers, such as vitamin K levels, vitamin K-dependent proteins, vitamin 25(OH)D, alkaline phosphatase, parathormone, calcium, and phosphate. VF, IACs and AACs was determined through standardized spine radiograms. VF was defined as >20% reduction of vertebral body height, and VC were quantified by measuring the length of calcium deposits along the arteries. The prevalence of IACs and AACs were 56.1% and 80.6%, respectively. After adjusting for confounding variables, the presence of IACs was associated with 73% higher odds of VF (p = 0.028), whereas we found no association (p = 0.294) for AACs. IACs were associated with VF irrespective of calcification severity. Patients with IACs had lower levels of vitamin K2 and menaquinone 7 (0.99 vs. 1.15 ng/mL; p = 0.003), and this deficiency became greater with adjustment for triglycerides (0.57 vs. 0.87 ng/mL; p < 0.001). IACs, regardless of their extent, are a clinically relevant risk factor for VFs. The association is enhanced by adjusting for vitamin K, a main player in bone and vascular health. To our knowledge these results are the first in the literature. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings both in chronic kidney disease and in the general population. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

16 pages, 1771 KiB  
Article
Role of Advanced Glycation End Products on Aortic Calcification in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
by Pilar Sanchis, Rosmeri Rivera, Regina Fortuny, Carlos Río, Miguel Mas-Gelabert, Marta Gonzalez-Freire, Felix Grases and Luis Masmiquel
J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9(6), 1751; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061751 - 5 Jun 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3441
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). This was a prospective cross-sectional study. One-hundred and four consecutive patients [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). This was a prospective cross-sectional study. One-hundred and four consecutive patients with DM2 were given lateral lumbar X-rays in order to quantify abdominal aortic calcification (AAC). Circulating levels of AGEs and classical cardiovascular risk factors were determined. Clinical history was also registered. Patients with higher AGEs values had higher grades of aortic calcification and higher numbers of diabetic-related complications. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that being older, male and having high levels of AGEs and triglycerides were the independent risk factors associated to moderate-severe AAC when compared to no-mild AAC. Our results suggest that AGEs plays a role in the pathogenesis of aortic calcifications. In addition, the measurement of AGEs levels may be useful for assessing the severity of AAC in the setting of diabetic complications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathophysiology and Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus)
Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 246 KiB  
Article
Vitamin D and Abdominal Aortic Calcification in Older African American Women, the PODA Clinical Trial
by Saloni Brahmbhatt, Mageda Mikhail, Shahidul Islam and John F. Aloia
Nutrients 2020, 12(3), 861; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12030861 - 24 Mar 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4290
Abstract
Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) detected on lateral vertebral fracture assessment is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Vitamin D deficiency and toxicity have been linked with vascular calcification. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of high-dose vitamin D on the [...] Read more.
Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) detected on lateral vertebral fracture assessment is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Vitamin D deficiency and toxicity have been linked with vascular calcification. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of high-dose vitamin D on the progression of AAC. The Physical Performance, Osteoporosis and vitamin D in African American Women (PODA) is a randomized, clinical trial examining the effect of vitamin D. There were 14.7% subjects with AAC in the vitamin D group, compared to 12.1% in the placebo group at baseline. The prevalence of extended AAC at baseline was 6.4% in the vitamin D group and 3.5% in the placebo group. The extended calcification scores over time were not different between groups. There was no association between AAC and serum 25(OH)D. However, PTH was associated with an increase in AAC in the placebo group. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Clinical Nutrition)
12 pages, 634 KiB  
Article
Fruit Intake and Abdominal Aortic Calcification in Elderly Women: A Prospective Cohort Study
by Nicola P. Bondonno, Joshua R. Lewis, Richard L. Prince, Wai H. Lim, Germaine Wong, John T. Schousboe, Richard J. Woodman, Douglas P. Kiel, Catherine P. Bondonno, Natalie C. Ward, Kevin D. Croft and Jonathan M. Hodgson
Nutrients 2016, 8(3), 159; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8030159 - 10 Mar 2016
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 10982
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. There is a consistent inverse relationship between fruit intake with CVD events and mortality in cross-sectional and prospective observational studies, but the relationship of fruit intake with measurements of atherosclerosis in humans is [...] Read more.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. There is a consistent inverse relationship between fruit intake with CVD events and mortality in cross-sectional and prospective observational studies, but the relationship of fruit intake with measurements of atherosclerosis in humans is less clear. Nutritional effects on abdominal aortic calcification (AAC), a marker for subclinical intimal and medial atherosclerotic vascular disease, have not been studied previously. The aim of this study was to examine the cross-sectional relationship of total and individual fruit (apple, pear, orange and other citrus, and banana) intake with AAC, scored between 0 and 24. The current study assessed baseline data for a cohort of 1052 women over 70 years of age who completed both a food frequency questionnaire assessing fruit intake, and underwent AAC measurement using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. AAC scores were significantly negatively correlated with total fruit and apple intakes (p < 0.05), but not with pear, orange or banana intakes (p > 0.25). In multivariable-adjusted logistic regression, each standard deviation (SD; 50 g/day) increase in apple intake was associated with a 24% lower odds of having severe AAC (AAC score >5) (odd ratio OR): 0.76 (0.62, 0.93), p = 0.009). Total and other individual fruit intake were not associated with increased odds of having severe AAC. Apple but not total or other fruit intake is independently negatively associated with AAC in older women. Full article
Show Figures

Graphical abstract

Back to TopTop