Sign in to use this feature.

Years

Between: -

Subjects

remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline
remove_circle_outline

Journals

Article Types

Countries / Regions

Search Results (69)

Search Parameters:
Keywords = Vietnamese Mekong delta

Order results
Result details
Results per page
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
23 pages, 7688 KiB  
Article
Assessing River Corridor Stability and Erosion Dynamics in the Mekong Delta: Implications for Sustainable Management
by Dinh Van Duy, Tran Van Ty, Lam Tan Phat, Huynh Vuong Thu Minh, Nguyen Truong Thanh and Nigel K. Downes
Earth 2025, 6(2), 34; https://doi.org/10.3390/earth6020034 - 6 May 2025
Viewed by 679
Abstract
This study assessed riverbank erosion and stability along the Mekong and Bassac Rivers to propose safe river corridors and mitigate erosion risks in the Mekong Delta. Using Landsat imagery (2000–2023), field surveys, and numerical simulations, we identified severe erosion hotspots, where erosion rates [...] Read more.
This study assessed riverbank erosion and stability along the Mekong and Bassac Rivers to propose safe river corridors and mitigate erosion risks in the Mekong Delta. Using Landsat imagery (2000–2023), field surveys, and numerical simulations, we identified severe erosion hotspots, where erosion rates reach up to 40 m annually, in the meandering sections of the Mekong River,. In contrast, the Bassac River exhibited significant sedimentation, though this trend was diminishing due to upstream sediment deficits caused by hydropower dams. Stability assessments revealed optimal safety corridor distances ranging from 20 to 38 m, influenced by local geotechnical conditions and structural loads. A significant proportion of riverbanks in Dong Thap (88%) and An Giang (48%) do not comply with conservation standards, exacerbating erosion risks and threatening infrastructure. The results of this study highlight the urgent need for enforcing conservation regulations, implementing nature-based solutions like riparian buffers, and adopting sustainable land-use planning. By addressing the interplay between natural processes and anthropogenic pressures, these findings offer actionable insights to enhance riverbank stability, protect ecosystems, and sustain livelihoods in the Mekong Delta amidst growing environmental challenges. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

21 pages, 5045 KiB  
Article
Evaluating Water Level Variability Under Different Sluice Gate Operation Strategies: A Case Study of the Long Xuyen Quadrangle, Vietnam
by Dinh Van Duy, Nguyen Thai An, Tran Van Ty, Lam Tan Phat, Ngo Thanh Toan, Huynh Vuong Thu Minh, Nigel K. Downes and Hitoshi Tanaka
Hydrology 2025, 12(5), 102; https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology12050102 - 23 Apr 2025
Viewed by 1060
Abstract
The Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD) faces increasing challenges due to upstream hydrological fluctuations and climate change, necessitating optimized water management strategies. Sluice gates play a critical role in regulating water levels, yet their effectiveness under different operational modes remains insufficiently assessed. This study [...] Read more.
The Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD) faces increasing challenges due to upstream hydrological fluctuations and climate change, necessitating optimized water management strategies. Sluice gates play a critical role in regulating water levels, yet their effectiveness under different operational modes remains insufficiently assessed. This study examines water level fluctuations under three sluice gate operation scenarios implemented along the West Sea dike in the Long Xuyen Quadrangle, Kien Giang Province, using the MIKE 11 hydrodynamic model. The model was calibrated and validated using the observed data, yielding high accuracy at key sluice gates, including Kien River and Ba Hon. Three sluice gate management scenarios were tested: (1) the current automatic and partially forced operation, (2) fully automatic gate control, and (3) fully forced hydraulic operation. The simulation results indicate that Scenario 3 maintained water levels above +0.6 m more frequently, ensuring better water availability for irrigation and domestic use, while Scenarios 1 and 2 resulted in lower water levels at certain locations. Additionally, forced operation led to higher gate opening and closing frequencies at key sluices, allowing for more adaptive control over water levels. These findings emphasize the benefits of proactive sluice gate management in improving water regulation and mitigating the water scarcity risks. This study is among the first to provide empirical, scenario-based evidence comparing fully forced, automatic, and mixed sluice gate strategies under varying hydrological conditions in the Long Xuyen Quadrangle. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Water Resources and Risk Management)
Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 1376 KiB  
Article
Combining Organic and Foliar Fertilization to Enhance Soil Fertility and Mitigate Physiological Disorders of Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) Fruit in the Tropics
by Le Van Dang, Nguyen Kim Quyen, Ngo Phuong Ngoc, Le Minh Ly, Pham Thi Phuong Thao and Ngo Ngoc Hung
Plants 2025, 14(8), 1185; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14081185 - 11 Apr 2025
Viewed by 1474
Abstract
Physiological disorders (PDs) in durian lead to reduced commodity prices; therefore, reducing the PD rate in durian enhances the fruit’s value and farmers’ profits. Nutrient and soil management may affect the PD rate during fruit development. Herein, we used amendments such as organic [...] Read more.
Physiological disorders (PDs) in durian lead to reduced commodity prices; therefore, reducing the PD rate in durian enhances the fruit’s value and farmers’ profits. Nutrient and soil management may affect the PD rate during fruit development. Herein, we used amendments such as organic manure (OM) and foliar fertilization (FF) applications to reduce the PD rate and improve the soil health and fruit yield of durian. This study was conducted in three durian orchards in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta from 2022 to 2024. The treatments were as follows: (i) control (unamended), (ii) OM, (iii) FF, and (iv) OM + FF. N−P−K fertilizers (0.45 kg of N, 0.45 kg of P, and 0.45 kg of K per tree) were uniformly applied to all durian trees. We measured the characteristics of the soil, such as the soil pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), available phosphorus (AP), and exchangeable cations (K+ and Ca2+). The leaf nutrient (K and Ca) content, fruit yield (kg tree−1), and fruit quality (PD rate, total soluble solids (TSS), and aril color characteristics) were also recorded. Our study indicates that OM + FF increased soil pH and SOC, AP, and exchangeable cations (K+ and Ca2+). In addition, the K and Ca concentrations in durian leaves increased by approximately 4% using OM + FF. Combining OM and FF decreased the PD rate of durian fruit (>85%) compared with the control. This practice increased the fruit quality TSS (13%), color, proportion of arils, and fruit yield (~10%) compared with conventional practice (control). Overall, using OM and FF contributed to improving durian production and values. Therefore, we recommend that farmers who cultivate durian apply OM + FF to their orchards to enhance soil health, fruit quality, and yield. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Crop Physiology and Crop Production)
Show Figures

Graphical abstract

16 pages, 5596 KiB  
Article
Reducing Uneven Fruit Ripening and Improving the Quality of Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) Fruit Using Plastic Mulching Combined with Polyhalite Fertilizer
by Nguyen Kim Quyen, Le Van Dang, Ngo Phuong Ngoc, Le Ngoc Quynh, Nguyen Minh Phuong, Le Minh Ly and Ngo Ngoc Hung
Agronomy 2025, 15(3), 631; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15030631 - 1 Mar 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2545
Abstract
Uneven fruit ripening (UFR) is currently causing a decrease in the quality and value of “Ri 6” durian fruit. The soil moisture and nutrient (K, Ca, and Mg) levels present during the fruit development stage are the two main factors affecting UFR in [...] Read more.
Uneven fruit ripening (UFR) is currently causing a decrease in the quality and value of “Ri 6” durian fruit. The soil moisture and nutrient (K, Ca, and Mg) levels present during the fruit development stage are the two main factors affecting UFR in durian fruit. However, measurements that can be used to determine the decrease in the UFR rate of durian remain unknown. Therefore, this study sought to evaluate the impact of plastic mulching (PM) and polyhalite fertilizer (PH) on improving the UFR rate and quality of durian fruit. A field study was conducted at three different durian orchards in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD) throughout two seasons (2022–2023 and 2023–2024). We used PM a month before fruit harvesting, combined with PH applied during the fruit development stage. Four treatments were used: (T1) control; (T2) PM, plastic mulching a month before durian fruit harvesting; (T3) PH, polyhalite fertilizer application (3 kg tree−1 year−1); and (T4) PM + PH, polyhalite fertilizer application (3 kg tree−1 year−1) and plastic mulching a month before durian fruit harvesting. The farmer’s fertilization practice (450 g N–450 g P–450 g K per tree−1 during the fruit development period) was used in all treatments. Parameters such as soil physicochemical properties, fruit quality, and leaf mineral nutrient concentration were investigated at the harvesting stage. The results show that using PM + PH decreased soil moisture (>15%) but increased the concentrations of K, Mg, and Ca in both soil and durian leaves, thereby reducing the UFR rate (>80%) compared with the control. Additionally, applying PM + PH increased the aril proportion (>18%) and total soluble solids (approximately 5%) in durian fruit in comparison with the control. In conclusion, combining PM and PH improved the UFR rate and durian fruit quality. Therefore, we recommend that farmers apply these methods to their durian orchards to decrease physiological disorders and enhance fruit quality, thus contributing to achieving sustainable durian production in the VMD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Soil and Plant Nutrition)
Show Figures

Graphical abstract

26 pages, 2366 KiB  
Article
Assessing Water Governance Trends and Challenges at a Local Level—An Application of the OECD Water Governance Framework in Soc Trang Province, Vietnam
by Ha Tan Linh, Duong Thi Truc, Nguyen Thanh Binh and Van Pham Dang Tri
Water 2025, 17(3), 320; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17030320 - 23 Jan 2025
Viewed by 1915
Abstract
Water crises are prevalent globally, but effective water governance can help mitigate these issues. This study, conducted in Soc Trang, a coastal province of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta, assessed water governance trends and identified local challenges using the OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation [...] Read more.
Water crises are prevalent globally, but effective water governance can help mitigate these issues. This study, conducted in Soc Trang, a coastal province of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta, assessed water governance trends and identified local challenges using the OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) water governance framework, which comprises 12 principles. Data were gathered through 15 questionnaires and two focus group discussions with the Department of Natural Resources and Environment and the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development. The findings indicate that all 12 principles have improved over the past decade, particularly in areas such as data management, the clarity of roles, appropriate basin scales, and innovative governance approaches. However, challenges remain, including external risks, limited human resources, ineffective coordination, and insufficient funding and facilities. While the OECD framework offers a comprehensive guide for water governance, it is crucial to provide clear explanations to local stakeholders during implementation. This ensures a shared understanding throughout the assessment process. A key aspect of this is translating scientific and technical terms into the local language and context, which enhances communication and engagement among all participants involved in the study. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Governance: Current Status and Future Trends)
Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 926 KiB  
Case Report
Naegleria fowleri: Portrait of a Cerebral Killer
by Nguyen The Nguyen Phung, Huong Thien Pham, Thuc Thanh Tran, Vu Hoang Dinh, Nhut Minh Tran, Nuong Ai Nguyen Tran, Minh Quang Ngoc Ngo, Huong Thanh Thi Nguyen, Duy Khanh Tran, Thao Kieu Thi Le, Camelia Quek, Van Hung Pham and Son Truong Pham
Diagnostics 2025, 15(1), 89; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15010089 - 3 Jan 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2464
Abstract
Background: Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) caused by Naegleria fowleri is a rare and devastating infection of the central nervous system, often diagnosed late, due to its rapid progression and nonspecific symptoms. Case Presentation: We report one of the youngest documented pediatric Vietnamese [...] Read more.
Background: Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) caused by Naegleria fowleri is a rare and devastating infection of the central nervous system, often diagnosed late, due to its rapid progression and nonspecific symptoms. Case Presentation: We report one of the youngest documented pediatric Vietnamese cases of PAM in a 10-month-old girl from the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. The diagnosis was confirmed through multiplex real-time PCR (MPL-rPCR), microscopy, and sequencing. Clinical data were gathered retrospectively from medical records, and additional details were provided by the patient’s family. Treatment regimens, disease progression, and diagnostic challenges were reviewed and compared to existing literature. With intensive treatment, the child survived for 14 days, representing one of the longest reported pediatric PAM survival durations. No direct exposure to untreated freshwater or other typical risk factors for Naegleria fowleri infection was identified, underscoring the unique epidemiological nature of this case. MPL-rPCR enabled timely detection of the pathogen and demonstrated its utility in resource-limited settings. Conclusions: This case highlights the critical need for rapid, accessible diagnostic tools such as MPL-rPCR, particularly in resource-constrained environments where traditional diagnostics may not be feasible. It also emphasizes the importance of international collaboration and investment in cost-effective diagnostics and novel therapeutic strategies. The geographical expansion of PAM due to climate change further underscores the urgency of these measures to improve health outcomes in vulnerable populations. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

18 pages, 1983 KiB  
Article
Diversity of Mycotoxins in Stored Paddy Rice: Contamination Patterns in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam
by Lien Thi Kim Phan, Thuy Thi Ngoc Nguyen, Thien Thi Thanh Tran and Sarah De Saeger
Toxins 2025, 17(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins17010006 - 26 Dec 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1486
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important food in Vietnam. However, rice is often lost in post-harvest due to fungal growth and mycotoxins contamination. This study aimed to evaluate mycotoxin contamination in stored paddy rice collected in 2018, 2019, and 2022 [...] Read more.
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important food in Vietnam. However, rice is often lost in post-harvest due to fungal growth and mycotoxins contamination. This study aimed to evaluate mycotoxin contamination in stored paddy rice collected in 2018, 2019, and 2022 in six provinces in Mekong Delta, Vietnam, using LC-MS/MS. The results revealed that 47% of the samples were contaminated with 12 types of mycotoxins. The prevalence of these mycotoxins was 30% (ZEN), 10% (FUS/MON), 6% (BEA/AFB2), 2–4% (AFG1, AFB1, AFG2), 2% (FB1), and 1% (OTA/AME/ENB). Among the provinces, stored paddy rice from Kien Giang had the highest contamination, followed by Ben Tre, Long An, An Giang, Dong Thap, and Can Tho. Remarkably, paddy rice collected in 2022 was usually contaminated with emerging mycotoxins with a higher incidence of co-occurrence ranging from 2–6% of the samples. Additionally, five stored paddy rice samples were contaminated with levels of AFB1, OTA, and ZEN exceeding Vietnamese regulatory limits for unprocessed rice. Our findings provide valuable insights into mycotoxin contamination across different years and growing regions in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. This study could give essential information to stakeholders, including policy-makers or food safety authorities, etc., to inform strategies to mitigate these toxins in the near future and underscores the importance of monitoring rice production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Mycotoxins)
Show Figures

Figure 1

27 pages, 12927 KiB  
Article
Coastal Erosion Dynamics and Protective Measures in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta
by Tran Van Ty, Dinh Van Duy, Lam Tan Phat, Huynh Vuong Thu Minh, Nguyen Truong Thanh, Nguyen Thi Ngoc Uyen and Nigel K. Downes
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(7), 1094; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12071094 - 28 Jun 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2847
Abstract
The dynamic shifts in shorelines due to erosion and deposition have become a significant challenge in coastal zone management, particularly in the context of climate change and rising sea levels. This paper evaluates the shoreline protection and efficiency of various wave-reducing breakwaters in [...] Read more.
The dynamic shifts in shorelines due to erosion and deposition have become a significant challenge in coastal zone management, particularly in the context of climate change and rising sea levels. This paper evaluates the shoreline protection and efficiency of various wave-reducing breakwaters in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. The delta exemplifies the coastal erosion issue faced by deltas worldwide. Landsat satellite images were used to establish a coastal development map for the period 2000 to 2022. The wave data in front and behind the breakwaters were analyzed to assess the wave reduction efficiency of various breakwater structures. Our results reveal that coastal erosion is deeply concerning, with almost 40% of the coastline experiencing severe erosion. Hotspot areas have been observed to reach annual erosion rates of nearly 95 m per year. The majority of provinces have adopted protective measures, with 68% of affected shorelines protected to some degree. Our results show breakwaters to be highly effective in reducing wave height, with a 62% reduction in waves reaching the shore. The process of creating offset has taken place in the area from the breakwater back to the mainland, with the rate of increase in compensation also quite fast at up to 3.1 cm/month. The stability of the pile–rock is very high; however, it is necessary to add rock to compensate for the settlement of the rock part. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Estuarine Monitoring and Management)
Show Figures

Figure 1

17 pages, 2929 KiB  
Article
Genomic Insights into Edwardsiella ictaluri: Molecular Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance in Striped Catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) Aquaculture in Vietnam
by Vera Irene Erickson, Tu Thanh Dung, Le Minh Khoi, Yaovi Mahuton Gildas Hounmanou, Tran Minh Phu and Anders Dalsgaard
Microorganisms 2024, 12(6), 1182; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12061182 - 11 Jun 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2158
Abstract
Edwardsiella ictaluri is responsible for causing bacillary necrosis (BNP) in striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) in Vietnam. This study offers a comprehensive genomic characterization of E. ictaluri to enhance understanding of the molecular epidemiology, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance. E. ictaluri isolates were [...] Read more.
Edwardsiella ictaluri is responsible for causing bacillary necrosis (BNP) in striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) in Vietnam. This study offers a comprehensive genomic characterization of E. ictaluri to enhance understanding of the molecular epidemiology, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance. E. ictaluri isolates were collected from diseased striped catfish in the Mekong Delta. The species was confirmed through PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted using minimum inhibitory concentrations for commonly used antimicrobials. Thirty representative isolates were selected for whole genome sequencing to delineate their genomic profiles and phylogeny. All strains belonged to ST-26 and exhibited genetic relatedness, differing by a maximum of 90 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Most isolates carried multiple antimicrobial resistance genes, with the tet(A) gene present in 63% and floR in 77% of the genomes. The ESBL gene, blaCTX-M-15, was identified in 30% of the genomes. Three plasmid replicon types were identified: IncA, p0111, and IncQ1. The genomes clustered into two clades based on their virulence gene profile, one group with the T3SS genes and one without. The genetic similarity among Vietnamese isolates suggests that disease spread occurs within the Mekong region, underscoring the importance of source tracking, reservoir identification, and implementation of necessary biosecurity measures to mitigate spread of BNP. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Host–Bacteria Interactions in Aquaculture Systems, 2nd Edition)
Show Figures

Figure 1

20 pages, 1702 KiB  
Article
Effects of Rotating Rice with Upland Crops and Adding Organic Amendments, and of Related Soil Quality on Rice Yield in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta
by Nguyen Van Qui, Le Van Khoa, Nguyen Minh Phuong, Duong Minh Vien, Tran Van Dung, Tran Ba Linh, Tran Huynh Khanh, Bui Trieu Thuong, Vo Thi Thu Tran, Nguyen Khoi Nghia, Tran Minh Tien, Emmanuel Abatih, Ann Verdoodt, Steven Sleutel and Wim Cornelis
Agronomy 2024, 14(6), 1185; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14061185 - 31 May 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2003
Abstract
In the Vietnamese Mekong Delta, soil quality and crop yield are steadily declining under rice monocultures with three crops per year. The objective of this study was to evaluate the medium-term effects of rotating rice with upland crops and adding organic amendments on [...] Read more.
In the Vietnamese Mekong Delta, soil quality and crop yield are steadily declining under rice monocultures with three crops per year. The objective of this study was to evaluate the medium-term effects of rotating rice with upland crops and adding organic amendments on rice yield, and to relate this to soil quality. A field trial with split-plot design including two factors and three replicates was carried out from 2017 to 2020, over the course of nine consecutive cropping seasons. Crop rotations and organic amendments were applied as main-plot and subplot factors, respectively. The rotations were (1) rice–rice–rice (R–R–R), (2) soybean–rice–rice (So–R–R), and (3) sesame–rice–rice (Se–R–R), while organic amendment treatments included (i) no amendment (NO-AM), (ii) compost of rice straw and cow manure (RS+CM), and (iii) sugarcane compost (SGC); the composts were applied at a rate of 2.0 t ha−1. The rotation cycle started with the so-called spring–summer (SS) season, followed by the summer–autumn (SA) season and ending with the winter–spring (WS) season. Rice yield significantly (p < 0.05) increased under organic amendments after nine growing seasons (2019–2020 WS), with an increment of 5.1% for RS+CM (7.07 ton/ha) and 6.1% for SGC (7.14 ton/ha). Contrary to our expectation, rotations with upland crops did not significantly increase rice yield. Rice yield significantly and positively correlated with an integrated soil quality index–SQI (r = 0.85) for the topsoil (0–15 cm), but not for the subsoil (15–30 cm). The increased availability of soil nutrients (Si and marginally also P) and improved soil physical properties probably induced by organic amendments, along with other soil properties under study, cumulatively attributed to enhanced rice yield. Repeated organic amendments thus becomes an effective management practice in improving soil quality under rice-based systems and could be applied to sustain rice yield in rice-producing regions with similar soil types and climatic conditions. Use of a SQI involving several soil quality indicators enables us to quantify the overall importance of soil fertility for rice yield versus other factors, and it provides an effective means of quantifying the integrated effect of improved management. Moreover, integrating a wide range of soil quality indicators in a SQI ensures its applicability across diverse settings, including different crop rotations and various soil types. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Agroecology Innovation: Achieving System Resilience)
Show Figures

Figure 1

22 pages, 7901 KiB  
Article
Methanotrophic Inoculation Reduces Methane Emissions from Rice Cultivation Supplied with Pig-Livestock Biogas Digestive Effluent
by Huynh Van Thao, Mitsunori Tarao, Hideshige Takada, Tomoyasu Nishizawa, Tran Sy Nam, Nguyen Van Cong and Do Thi Xuan
Agronomy 2024, 14(6), 1140; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14061140 - 27 May 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2610
Abstract
Biogas digestive effluent (BDE) is a nutrient-enriched source that can be utilized as an organic fertilizer for rice cultivation without synthetic fertilizer (SF) application. However, a primary concern is the stimulation of methane (CH4) emissions due to the enrichment of the [...] Read more.
Biogas digestive effluent (BDE) is a nutrient-enriched source that can be utilized as an organic fertilizer for rice cultivation without synthetic fertilizer (SF) application. However, a primary concern is the stimulation of methane (CH4) emissions due to the enrichment of the labile organic carbon, a favorite substrate of methanogenic archaea. Methanotrophs potentially reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from rice fields owing to metabolizing CH4 as a carbon source and energy. We therefore examined the effect of the application of methanotroph-inoculated BDE to the rice cultivated paddy soil on GHG emissions and rice productivity under a pot experiment. Methanotrophs (Methylosinus sp. and Methylocystis sp.), isolated from the Vietnamese Mekong Delta’s rice fields, were separately inoculated to the heated BDE, followed by a 5-day preincubation. Methanotroph-inoculated BDE was supplied to rice cultivation to substitute SF at 50% or 100% in terms of nitrogen amount. The results showed that the total CH4 emissions increased ~34% with the application of BDE. CH4 emissions were significantly reduced by ~17–21% and ~28–44% under the application of methanotroph-inoculated BDE at 100% and 50%, respectively. The reduction in CH4 was commensurate with the augmentation of pmoA transcript copy number under methanotroph-inoculated BDE. In addition, methanotroph-inoculated BDE application did not increase nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and adversely affect rice growth and grain productivity. This study highlighted the BDE-recirculated feasibility for a lower CH4 emission rice production based on methanotrophs where high CH4-emitting fields were confirmed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Farming Sustainability)
Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 2400 KiB  
Article
Use of the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) for Determining the Nutritional Balance of Durian Cultivated in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta
by Ngo Phuong Ngoc, Le Van Dang, Le Minh Ly, Pham Thi Phuong Thao and Ngo Ngoc Hung
Horticulturae 2024, 10(6), 561; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10060561 - 27 May 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4606
Abstract
Durian is one of the most valuable and expensive fruits in Vietnam and Southeast Asia. Leaf nutritional disorders are considered to be causes of reductions in fruit yield and quality. However, studies on the nutritional balance in durian leaf are limited. In this [...] Read more.
Durian is one of the most valuable and expensive fruits in Vietnam and Southeast Asia. Leaf nutritional disorders are considered to be causes of reductions in fruit yield and quality. However, studies on the nutritional balance in durian leaf are limited. In this study, we used the DRIS method for leaf limitation nutrient diagnosis at the stage 2 months before durian flowering. Our objectives were to (i) establish DRIS norms for the macronutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S) in durian leaf and (ii) determine nutrient value ranges that are insufficient or excessive in durian production. A total of 180 leaf samples were collected and examined from 90 durian orchards cultivated on alluvial soils in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. The results indicate that DRIS establishment for durian was highly reliable due to the significant positive correlation (r > 0.5) among nutrient indices. The limiting nutrients in durian leaf at the investigation stage were S, Mg, Ca, and P, where S and Mg were the most deficient. The optimal ranges of nutrients in durian leaf were determined and recommended in this study. Further studies are necessary to validate the efficiency of DRIS using nutrient omission trials under durian cultivation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Plant Nutrition)
Show Figures

Graphical abstract

12 pages, 925 KiB  
Article
Identification of Insertion/Deletion Markers for Photoperiod Sensitivity in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
by Nguyen Thanh Tam and Dang Kieu Nhan
Biology 2024, 13(5), 358; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13050358 - 20 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1494
Abstract
The current study aims to identify candidate insertion/deletion (INDEL) markers associated with photoperiod sensitivity (PS) in rice landraces from the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. The whole-genome sequencing of 20 accessions was conducted to analyze INDEL variations between two photoperiod-sensitivity groups. A total of 2240 [...] Read more.
The current study aims to identify candidate insertion/deletion (INDEL) markers associated with photoperiod sensitivity (PS) in rice landraces from the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. The whole-genome sequencing of 20 accessions was conducted to analyze INDEL variations between two photoperiod-sensitivity groups. A total of 2240 INDELs were identified between the two photoperiod-sensitivity groups. The selection criteria included INDELs with insertions or deletions of at least 20 base pairs within the improved rice group. Six INDELs were discovered on chromosomes 01 (5 INDELs) and 6 (1 INDEL), and two genes were identified: LOC_Os01g23780 and LOC_Os01g36500. The gene LOC_Os01g23780, which may be involved in rice flowering, was identified in a 20 bp deletion on chromosome 01 from the improved rice accession group. A marker was devised for this gene, indicating a polymorphism rate of 20%. Remarkably, 20% of the materials comprised improved rice accessions. This INDEL marker could explain 100% of the observed distinctions. Further analysis of the mapping population demonstrated that an INDEL marker associated with the MADS-box gene on chromosome 01 was linked to photoperiod sensitivity. The F1 population displayed two bands across all hybrid individuals. The marker demonstrates efficacy in distinguishing improved rice accessions within the indica accessions. This study underscores the potential applicability of the INDEL marker in breeding strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Plant Science)
Show Figures

Figure 1

17 pages, 3759 KiB  
Article
Integrated Exploitation of Rainwater and Groundwater: A Strategy for Water Self-Sufficiency in Ca Mau Province of the Mekong Delta
by Dang Hoa Vinh, Dung Duc Tran, Dao Dinh Cham, Phan Thi Thanh Hang, Duong Ba Man, Danh Mon, Luu Hai Tung, Le Van Kiem, Thien Duc Nguyen and Duong Thi Ngoc Tuyen
Hydrology 2024, 11(4), 55; https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology11040055 - 12 Apr 2024
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3511
Abstract
Groundwater sources have been exploited excessively for numerous purposes worldwide, leading to increasingly severe depletion. However, the replenishment of groundwater sources has not usually been a focus in economically and socially underdeveloped countries and regions. In coastal provinces of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta [...] Read more.
Groundwater sources have been exploited excessively for numerous purposes worldwide, leading to increasingly severe depletion. However, the replenishment of groundwater sources has not usually been a focus in economically and socially underdeveloped countries and regions. In coastal provinces of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD), rural areas are facing difficulties in accessing fresh water due to shortages from the water supply plant and excessive use of groundwater, highlighting an urgent need for sustainable development solutions. Our study first conducted interviews with 200 households in Ca Mau Province of the VMD to identify the current situation and the challenges and obstacles of rainwater harvesting and to find sustainable and proactive solutions. We then analyzed daily rainfall data from 10 meteorological stations to construct four scenarios of the water balance method: (i) potential rainwater harvesting based on existing roof area; (ii) optimal scale of storage tank and catchments for different levels of water usage; (iii) tank scale utilizing rainwater entirely during the rainy season and basic needs during the dry season; and (iv) integrated water supply between rain and groundwater. The results showed that using rainwater entirely for domestic water supply requires large storage tank capacities, making these scenarios difficult to achieve in the near future. Our research introduces a novel integrated water supply approach to storing rain and groundwater that has demonstrated high effectiveness and sustainability. With existing tank capacities (0.8 m3 per person), rainwater could only meet over 48% (14 m3 per year) of the water demand while requiring 14.8 m3 of additional groundwater extraction. With a tank capacity of 2.4 m3 per person, ensuring rainwater harvesting meets basic demand, harvested rainwater could satisfy 64% of the demand, with artificial groundwater supplementation exceeding 1.79 times the required extraction, while excess rainwater discharge into the environment would be minimal. Our research results not only provide potential solutions for rainwater and groundwater collection to supplement sustainable domestic water sources for Ca Mau but also serve as an example for similar regions globally. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

26 pages, 5322 KiB  
Article
Quantifying Spatio-Temporal River Morphological Change and Its Consequences in the Vietnamese Mekong River Delta Using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System Techniques
by Thi Huong Vu, Doan Van Binh, Huan Ngoc Tran, Muhammad Adnan Khan, Duong Du Bui and Jürgen Stamm
Remote Sens. 2024, 16(4), 707; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16040707 - 17 Feb 2024
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3334
Abstract
The evolution of delta and riverbank erosion within the river basin can significantly impact the environment, ecosystems, and lives of those residing along rivers. The Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD), counted among the world’s largest deltas, has undergone significant morphological alterations via natural processes [...] Read more.
The evolution of delta and riverbank erosion within the river basin can significantly impact the environment, ecosystems, and lives of those residing along rivers. The Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD), counted among the world’s largest deltas, has undergone significant morphological alterations via natural processes and human activities. This research aims to examine these morphological alterations and their impacts on local economic and social conditions in the VMD. This study utilized satellite data from 1988 to 2020, coupled with population density and land use/land cover (LULC) maps from 2002, 2008, and 2015. The findings reveal that the VMD experienced widespread erosion over the past three decades, covering an area of 66.8 km2 and affecting 48% of the riverbank length (682 km). In contrast to riverbanks, islets showed an accretion trend with an additional area of 13.3 km2, resulting in a decrease in river width over the years. Riverbank and islet erosion has had a profound impact on the LULC, population, and economy of the provinces along the VMD. From 2002 to 2020, eight different land use types were affected, with agricultural land being the most severely eroded, constituting over 86% of the total lost land area (3235.47 ha). The consequences of land loss due to erosion affected 31,273 people and resulted in substantial economic damages estimated at VND 19,409.90 billion (USD 799.50 million) across nine provinces along the VMD. Notably, even though built-up land represented a relatively small portion of the affected area (6.58%), it accounted for the majority of the economic damage at 70.6% (USD 564.45 million). This study underscores the crucial role of satellite imagery and GIS in monitoring long-term morphological changes and assessing their primary impacts. Such analysis is essential for formulating effective plans and strategies for the sustainable management of river environments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Remote Sensing in Geology, Geomorphology and Hydrology)
Show Figures

Figure 1

Back to TopTop