Multispectral infrared imaging systems that simultaneously operate in the long-wave infrared (LWIR) and mid-wave infrared (MWIR) bands offer significant advantages for target detection and recognition. However, conventional infrared optical systems r...
High speed photodetectors operating at a telecommunication band (from 1260 to 1625 nm) have been well studied with the development of an optical fiber communication system. Recent innovations of photonic systems have raised new requirements on the ba...
The growing demand for compact, low-power infrared (IR) sensors necessitates advanced solutions for on-chip spectral selectivity, particularly for integration with Thermal Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (TMOS) devices. This paper investigates the design a...
We describe in detail the construction and characterization of a Peltier-cooled long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) position-sensitive detector (PSD) based on the lateral effect. The device was recently reported for the first time to the authors’ k...
The long-wave infrared (LWIR) quantum-well photodetector (QWIP) operates at low temperatures, but is prone to focal plane temperature changes when imaging in complex thermal environments. This causes dark current changes and generates low-frequency t...
The performance of long-wave infrared (LWIR) quantum well (QWIP) detection systems is seriously affected by the dark current of the detectors. Tiny variations in the focal-plane temperature of the devices cause fluctuations in the dark current, which...
Ground bearing capacity has become a relevant concept for site-specific management that aims to protect soil from the compaction and the rutting produced by the indiscriminate use of agricultural and forestry machines. Nevertheless, commonly known te...
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are equipped with optical systems including an infrared (IR) camera such as electro-optical IR (EO/IR), target acquisition and designation sights (TADS), or forward looking IR (FLIR). However, images obtained from IR c...
Remote-sensing techniques offer an efficient alternative for mapping mining environments and assessing the impacts of mining activities. Airborne multispectral data in the thermal region and hyperspectral data in the optical region, acquired with the...
This study introduces a controlled laboratory setup for hyperspectral longwave infrared (LWIR) imaging of soils, designed to bridge the gap between laboratory measurements and remote sensing observations. A Fourier-transform hyperspectral LWIR imagin...
Long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) focal plane arrays (FPAs) are of particular importance in thermal imaging, remote sensing, and defense applications due to their ability to detect thermal signatures in the 8–12 μm spectral range [...]
In this work, we present a new approach to detect materials with known spectral emissivity, in data acquired by thermal infrared hyperspectral systems. The method takes into account the spectral variability of the downwelling radiance, commonly negle...
The integrated imaging of LWIR cameras and SAR is one of the important directions of multi-sensor integration. In order to reduce the structural complexity of LWIR cameras and SAR-integrated imaging antenna, a dual-polarized metasurface-integrated an...
Non-uniformity commonly exists in the infrared focal plane, which behaves as the fixed-pattern noise (FPN) and seriously affects the image quality of long-wave infrared (LWIR) detection systems. The two-point correction (TPC) method is commonly used...
An imaging system has natural statistics that reflect its intrinsic characteristics. For example, the gradient histogram of a visible light image generally obeys a heavy-tailed distribution, and its restoration considers natural statistics. Thermal i...
The infrared dichroic beamsplitter plays an important role in infrared multi-band imaging systems, especially for infrared remote sensing. This paper presents the design and preparation of a dichroic beamsplitter that is capable of reflecting near in...
Soil mineralogy is an important factor affecting chemical and physical processes in the soil. Most common minerals in soils—quartz, clay minerals and carbonates—present fundamental spectral features in the longwave infrared (LWIR) region....
The increasing spatial and spectral resolution of hyperspectral imagers yields detailed spectroscopy measurements from both space-based and airborne platforms. These detailed measurements allow for material classification, with many recent advancemen...
It is important to obtain information on an instantaneous target. A high-speed camera can capture a picture of an immediate scene, but spectral information about the object cannot be retrieved. Spectrographic analysis is a key tool for identifying ch...
Hyperspectral imaging in the long-wave infrared (LWIR) range enables identification of chemical compositions and material properties, but reconstructing 3D models from gimballed pushbroom sensors remains challenging because their unique acquisition g...
The properties of long-wave infrared (LWIR) interband cascade photodetectors (ICIPs) with type II superlattices (T2SLs) and gallium-free (Ga-free) InAs/InAsSb absorbers were determined using photoluminescence (PL) and spectral response (SR) measureme...
In the autonomous driving industry, there is a growing trend to employ long-wave infrared (LWIR)-based uncooled thermal-imaging cameras, capable of robustly collecting data even in extreme environments. Consequently, both industry and academia are ac...
Floods are among the most common disasters, causing loss of life and enormous damage to private property and public infrastructure. Monitoring systems that detect and predict floods help respond quickly in the pre-disaster phase to prevent and mitiga...
We present an inverse designed metalens for long-wave infrared (LWIR) imaging tailored to consumer and Internet of Things (IoT) platforms. Conventional LWIR optics either rely on costly specialty materials or suffer from low efficiency and narrow fie...
The increasing availability of complex multivariate data yielded by sensor technologies permits qualitative and quantitative data analysis for material characterization. Multivariate data are hard to understand by visual inspection and intuition. Thu...
Accurate quantitative mineralogical data has significant implications in mining operations. However, quantitative analysis of minerals is challenging for most of the sensor outputs. Thus, it requires advances in data analytics. In this work, data fus...
Recent investigations have discovered that Terra MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) long-wave infrared (LWIR) photovoltaic (PV) bands, bands 27–30, have strong crosstalk among themselves. The linear model developed to test the elec...
The Hyperspectral Infrared Atmospheric Sounder (HIRAS) onboard the Feng Yun-3D (FY-3D) satellite is the first Chinese hyperspectral infrared instrument. In this study, an improved cloud detection scheme using brightness temperature observations from...
The photovoltaic (PV) bands on the mid-wave and long-wave infrared (MWIR and LWIR) cold focal plane assemblies of Terra and Aqua MODIS have suffered from gradually increasing electronic crosstalk contamination as both instruments have continued to op...
Manmade crude oil contamination, which has negative impacts on the environment and human health, can be found in various ecosystems all over the globe. Hyperspectral remote sensing (HRS) is an efficient tool to investigate this crude oil contaminatio...
The long-wave infrared (LWIR) interband cascade detector with type-II superlattices (T2SLs) and a gallium-free (“Ga-free”) InAs/InAsSb (x = 0.39) absorber was characterized by photoluminescence (PL) and spectral response (SR) methods. Het...
Near-perfect resonant absorption is attained in a single-polarization single-mode photonic crystal fiber (SPSM PCF) within the long-wave infrared (LWIR) range from 10 to 11
This paper presents a cascaded imaging method that combines low-light enhancement and visible–long-wavelength infrared (VIS-LWIR) image fusion to mitigate image degradation in dark environments. The framework incorporates a Low-Light Enhancer N...
This paper presents a nonlinear Bayesian regression algorithm for detecting and estimating gas plume content from hyper-spectral data. Remote sensing data, by its very nature, is collected under less controlled conditions than laboratory data. As a r...
The InAs/InAsSb type-II superlattices (T2SLs) grown on a GaSb buffer layer and GaAs substrates were theoretically investigated. Due to the stability at high operating temperatures, T2SLs could be used for detectors operating in the longwave infrared...
In this paper, we report on the influence of molecular beam epitaxial (MBE) growth temperature on the spectral response of the long-wavelength infrared radiation (LWIR), three-stage thermoelectrically (TE) cooled (T = 210, 230 K) InAs/InAsSb type-II...
Predicting internal quality parameters, such as Brix and water content, of apples, is essential for quality control. Existing near-infrared (NIR) and hyperspectral imaging (HSI)-based techniques have limited applicability due to their dependence on e...
With the rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence-driven object recognition, the development of cognitive tunable imaging sensors has become a critically important field. In this paper, we demonstrate an infrared (IR) sensor with spectral tunabil...
This study quantifies emissivity uncertainty using a new, specifically collected multi-angle thermal hyperspectral dataset, Nittany Radiance. Unlike previous research that primarily relied on model-based simulations, multispectral satellite imagery,...
In this study, we propose using a thermal imaging camera (TIC) with a deep learning model as an intelligent human detection approach during emergency evacuations in a low-visibility smoky fire scenarios. We use low-wavelength infrared (LWIR) images t...
It is necessary to establish the relative performance of established optical flow approaches in airborne scenarios with thermal cameras. This study investigated the performance of a dense optical flow algorithm on 14 bit radiometric images of the gro...
Silicon windows in wafer-level packaged LWIR sensors suffer ~30% Fresnel reflection per interface, limiting optical throughput and detector sensitivity. We present an end-to-end design, fabrication, and validation framework for CMOS-compatible moth-e...
Colloidal quantum dots (QDs) have emerged as promising materials for the development of infrared photodetectors owing to their tunable band gaps, cost-effective manufacturing, and ease of processing. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of th...
This paper presents the description of the wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) experiment, the parameters of which were established by use of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithm. As a result, a significant improvement in the signal power...
Sensor technologies provide relevant information on the key geological attributes in mining. The integration of data from multiple sources is advantageous in making use of the synergy among the outputs for the enhanced characterisation of materials....
Although hyperspectral anomaly detection is commonly conducted in the visible, near-infrared, and shortwave infrared spectral regions, there has been less research on hyperspectral anomaly detection in the longwave infrared (LWIR) hyperspectral regio...
Hyperspectral remote-sensing techniques offer an efficient procedure for mineral mapping, with a unique hyperspectral remote-sensing fingerprint in the longwave infrared spectral region enabling identification of the most abundant minerals in the con...
Infrared imaging has gained considerable attention across diverse fields, including security, surveillance, and environmental monitoring. The need to minimize size, weight, power, and cost (SWaP-C) poses challenges for conventional optical systems li...
In the context of rapid advancements in AI, the accuracies and speeds among various AI models and methods are often compared. However, a basic question is rarely asked: is AI better than humans, and if so, under what conditions? This paper investigat...
This study is inspired by the widely used algorithm for real-time optical flow, the sparse Lucas–Kanade, by applying a feature extractor to decrease the computational requirement of optical flow based neural networks from real-world thermal aer...
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