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Water
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Gas Hydrates in Marine Environments
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Gas Hydrates in Marine Environments

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Oceans and Coastal Zones".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2022) | Viewed by 6674

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Daoyi Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Ocean Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
Interests: gas hydrate; methane hydrate; CH4-CO2 exchange; flow assurance; marine environment; offshore technology; oil and gas equipment
Dr. Zhenyuan Yin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Ocean Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
Interests: natural gas hydrate; CO2 hydrate; thermodynamics; kinetics; numerical modeling; reservoir simulation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Natural gas hydrate has been considered as a potential clean energy resource for the future due to its large resource volume and high energy density with more than 97% identified at marine settings. Other types of gas hydrates (e.g. CO2 hydrate, semi-clathrates) could play an important role in long-term carbon storage to achieve the world’s most urgent mission—carbon neutrality by 2050. Thus, the interactions between gas hydrate and environments comprise an extremely viral research topic, which is the key scope of this Special Issue. The geological phenomena of gas hydrate are intriguing and the technological applications of gas hydrate has gained ever-increasing research interests.

This Special Issue aims to solicit the most innovative studies covering chemical, physical, geological, geochemical, geomechanical, environmental, economic aspects of gas hydrates and hydrate-bearing sediments. In particular, experimental and numerical studies on the thermodynamics and kinetics of gas hydrate processes in relation to the marine environment are highly sought. Potential topics include energy recovery from CH4 hydrate (including both novel production techniques and numerical/reservoir models), environmental impact and geohazards from CH4 hydrate production and CH4 seepage, hydrate-based CO2 capture and separation, long-term CO2 hydrate sequestration onshore and offshore, novel CO2-CH4 exchange method for energy recovery, hydrate inhibition technologies in offshore pipelines, deep sea oil and gas blowout with hydrate formation and transport, etc. The Special Issue welcomes both reviews and original research papers.

Prof. Dr. Daoyi Chen
Dr. Zhenyuan Yin
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • natural gas hydrate
  • CH4 hydrate
  • CO2 hydrate
  • CO2-CH4 exchange
  • geohazard
  • marine environment
  • numerical/reservoir models
  • carbon storage
  • flow assurance

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 2706 KiB  
Article
Molecular Insights into Factors Affecting the Generation Behaviors, Dynamic Properties, and Interfacial Structures of Methane Gas Bubbles
by Zhenchao Li, Yajun Deng, Shihang Rao, Hailong Lu, Jianliang Ye and Wenwei Xie
Water 2022, 14(15), 2327; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14152327 - 27 Jul 2022
Viewed by 1285
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to study the effects of temperatures, pressures, and methane mole fractions on the generation behaviors, dynamic properties, and interfacial structures of methane gas bubbles. Methane gas bubbling can be promoted by high temperatures and high mole fractions of [...] Read more.
Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to study the effects of temperatures, pressures, and methane mole fractions on the generation behaviors, dynamic properties, and interfacial structures of methane gas bubbles. Methane gas bubbling can be promoted by high temperatures and high mole fractions of methane, which come from the generation of larger methane clusters in solution. Bubbles were found to be highly dynamic, with more methane molecules exchanging between bubbles and the surrounding solution at high pressures and in systems with high mole fractions of methane. The interfacial structures between bubbles and the surrounding solution were rough at a molecular level, and the roughness of the outermost methane and water molecules was high at high temperatures, low pressures, and in systems with high methane mole fractions. The dissolution of methane molecules depended on the interactions between the outermost methane and water molecules, which would become stronger with decreasing temperatures, increasing pressures, and decreasing methane mole fractions. The results obtained can help in understanding both the generation behaviors of bubbles when gas hydrates decompose and the re-nucleation behaviors of gas hydrates in the presence of bubbles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gas Hydrates in Marine Environments)
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17 pages, 5434 KiB  
Article
Experimental Study on the Kinetics of the Natural Gas Hydration Process with a NiMnGa Micro-/Nanofluid in a Static Suspension System
by Qiong Wu, Nengyu Lin, Li Li, Feng Chen, Baoyong Zhang, Qiang Wu, Xianfu Xv and Xinyan Wang
Water 2022, 14(5), 745; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14050745 - 25 Feb 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1695
Abstract
Natural gas is a resource-rich clean energy source, and natural gas hydration technology is a promising method for natural gas storage and transportation at present. To realize the rapid generation of hydrates with a high gas storage capacity, in this paper NiMnGa micro/nanoparticles [...] Read more.
Natural gas is a resource-rich clean energy source, and natural gas hydration technology is a promising method for natural gas storage and transportation at present. To realize the rapid generation of hydrates with a high gas storage capacity, in this paper NiMnGa micro/nanoparticles (NMGs) with different mass fractions (0.1 wt%, 1 wt%, 2 wt%) were prepared with 0.05 wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and 1 wt% L-tryptophan to form static suspension solutions of gellan gum, and the methane hydration separation kinetics experiments were carried out under the condition of 6.2 MPa for the SDS-NMG-SNG (SNG) and L-tryptophan-NMG-LNG (LNG) systems. The results showed that the induction time of the systems with NMG micro-/nanoparticles was shortened to different degrees and the gas consumption rate was increased. The best effect was achieved in the SNG system with 1 wt% NMG, and the induction time was shortened by 73.6% compared with the SDS-gellan system (SG). The gas consumption rate of the system with L-tryptophan was better than that of the system with SDS, and the best effect was achieved in the system with 2 wt% NMG. The system with 2 wt% NMG had the best effect, and the problem of foam decomposition did not occur. The analysis concluded that NMG has strong mass transfer and phase-change heat absorption properties, which can significantly improve the kinetics of the natural gas hydrate generation process; L-tryptophan can weaken the diffusion resistance of methane molecules in the suspended static solution, further enhancing the mass transfer of the hydrate generation process. These findings will provide new perspectives regarding the application of phase-change micro-/nanoparticles in methane hydrate generation under static conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gas Hydrates in Marine Environments)
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Review

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20 pages, 6526 KiB  
Review
Advances in Characterizing Gas Hydrate Formation in Sediments with NMR Transverse Relaxation Time
by Biao Liu, Linsen Zhan, Hailong Lu and Jiecheng Zhang
Water 2022, 14(3), 330; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14030330 - 23 Jan 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2820
Abstract
The formation process, structure, and distribution of gas hydrate in sediments have become focal points in exploring and exploiting natural gas hydrate. To better understand the dynamic behavior of gas hydrate formation in sediments, transverse relaxation time (T2) of nuclear magnetic [...] Read more.
The formation process, structure, and distribution of gas hydrate in sediments have become focal points in exploring and exploiting natural gas hydrate. To better understand the dynamic behavior of gas hydrate formation in sediments, transverse relaxation time (T2) of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is widely used to quantitatively characterize the formation process of gas hydrate and the change in pore characteristics of sediments. NMR T2 has been considered as a rapid and non-destructive method to distinguish the phase states of water, gas, and gas hydrate, estimate the saturations of water and gas hydrate, and analyze the kinetics of gas hydrate formation in sediments. NMR T2 is also widely employed to specify the pore structure in sediments in terms of pore size distribution, porosity, and permeability. For the recognition of the advantages and shortage of NMR T2 method, comparisons with other methods as X-ray CT, cryo-SEM, etc., are made regarding the application characteristics including resolution, phase recognition, and scanning time. As a future perspective, combining NMR T2 with other techniques can more effectively characterize the dynamic behavior of gas hydrate formation and pore structure in sediments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gas Hydrates in Marine Environments)
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