Synanthropy and Zoonotic Viral Spillover

A special issue of Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Viruses".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2026) | Viewed by 1078

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Wildlife adaptation to anthropogenic environments, termed synanthropy, significantly increases zoonotic viral spillover risks, where pathogens transfer from animals to humans, possibly triggering infectious disease outbreaks. This dynamic is fueled by urbanization, habitat fragmentation, and agricultural modifications, disrupting wildlife habitats and prompting animals to venture into human areas. Instances such as Ebola and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) highlight the emergence of zoonotic diseases from such interactions. Mitigation efforts focus on wildlife and livestock surveillance, habitat conservation, and minimizing human–wildlife contact to avert future pandemics. This Special Issue invites manuscripts exploring viral diseases originating from synanthropic interactions, aiming to deepen understanding and develop interventions.

Dr. João R. Mesquita
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • zoonoses
  • synanthropic interactions
  • virus
  • emergence
  • spillover

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 463 KB  
Article
Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 Exposure in Rodents from Rural Localities in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico
by Ana Laura Vigueras-Galván, Montserrat Elemi García-Hernández, Karen Cortés-Sarabia, Oscar Del Moral-Hernández, Sofía L. Alcaraz-Estrada, Benjamín Roche, Audrey Arnal, Gerardo Suzán and Rosa Elena Sarmiento-Silva
Viruses 2026, 18(4), 435; https://doi.org/10.3390/v18040435 - 3 Apr 2026
Viewed by 324
Abstract
Zoonotic diseases involve pathogen transmission between humans and animals, with most research focused on animal-to-human spillover. However, reverse zoonosis—the transmission of pathogens from humans to animals—remains understudied despite its potential ecological and epidemiological consequences. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic highlights this risk, as human-associated viruses [...] Read more.
Zoonotic diseases involve pathogen transmission between humans and animals, with most research focused on animal-to-human spillover. However, reverse zoonosis—the transmission of pathogens from humans to animals—remains understudied despite its potential ecological and epidemiological consequences. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic highlights this risk, as human-associated viruses may sporadically infect wildlife species and generate novel exposure pathways. To assess evidence of SARS-CoV-2 exposure in wildlife, we analyzed serum and rectal swab samples from rodents collected in rural localities of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, between 2021 and 2022. An indirect ELISA detected antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in 23.1% of sampled rodents. Molecular analysis detected one positive sample with a pan-coronavirus RT-PCR, though all were negative for SARS-CoV-2–specific assays. This study provides serological evidence of SARS-CoV-2 exposure in rodent communities from rural areas of Mexico and is consistent with sporadic wildlife spillback events rather than sustained transmission. The observed exposure patterns may be influenced by human activities and frequent human–wildlife interactions in heterogeneous rural landscapes. Our results underscore the need for integrated serological and genomic surveillance to better understand the ecological context of reverse zoonosis and its implications for public health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synanthropy and Zoonotic Viral Spillover)
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