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Universe
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X-ray Astronomy Steps into the 21st Century: Chandra and XMM-Newton...
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X-ray Astronomy Steps into the 21st Century: Chandra and XMM-Newton at 25

A special issue of Universe (ISSN 2218-1997). This special issue belongs to the section "Space Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 March 2025) | Viewed by 2012

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Eric Schlegel

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Physics-Astronomy Department, University of Texas San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
Interests: astrophysics of interacting binary stars; supernovae; x-ray emission of spiral galaxies

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The year 2024 marks a significant milestone in the field of X-ray astronomy, as it commemorates the 25th anniversary of the launch of two pioneering X-ray observatories, Chandra and XMM-Newton. As we approach this momentous occasion, it provides an opportune time to reflect upon the achievements made in the study of X-ray wavelengths and showcase the original research that has stemmed from the observations in this spectral region. Additionally, it is crucial to acknowledge the multitude of other X-ray satellites that have played an integral role in furthering our understanding of the cosmos.

We invite researchers and scientists across the globe to contribute their expertise and insights, fostering discussions and collaborations that push the boundaries of X-ray astronomy further. By collectively sharing our knowledge and discoveries, we can continue to unravel the mysteries encapsulated within the stunning area of X-ray astronomy.

Topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  1. Chandra at 25 years;
  2. XMM-Newton at 25 years;
  3. Solar system X-ray sources;
  4. Single low-mass stars;
  5. Single high-mass stars;
  6. Open clusters;
  7. Single white dwarfs;
  8. WD binaries (not CVs);
  9. Cataclysmic variables;
  10. BH/NS binaries—isolated;
  11. BH/NS binaries—globular clusters;
  12. Supernovae;
  13. Supernova remnants;
  14. Isolated neutron stars;
  15. Normal face-on galaxies;
  16. Edge-on galaxies;
  17. Low-mass X-ray binaries in galaxies;
  18. High-mass X-ray binaries in galaxies;
  19. Active galaxies;
  20. Galaxy clusters;
  21. Star formation/diffuse-emission regions;
  22. Extragalactic diffuse emission;
  23. Extragalactic surveys;
  24. Galactic survey(s);
  25. Future observatory priorities.

Prof. Dr. Eric Schlegel
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Universe is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • X-ray astrophysics
  • high-resolution X-ray imaging
  • diffraction grating X-ray spectroscopy
  • active galaxies
  • X-ray binaries
  • supernova remnants
  • normal galaxies
  • galaxy clusters

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 448 KiB  
Article
Constraining the Milky Way’s Dispersion Measure Using FRB and X-Ray Data
by Jiale Wang, Zheng Zhou, Xiaochuan Jiang and Taotao Fang
Universe 2025, 11(2), 41; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe11020041 - 27 Jan 2025
Viewed by 704
Abstract
The dispersion measures (DMs) of the fast radio bursts (FRBs) are a valuable tool to probe the baryonic content of the intergalactic medium and the circumgalactic medium of the intervening galaxies along the sightlines. However, interpreting the DMs is complicated by the contribution [...] Read more.
The dispersion measures (DMs) of the fast radio bursts (FRBs) are a valuable tool to probe the baryonic content of the intergalactic medium and the circumgalactic medium of the intervening galaxies along the sightlines. However, interpreting the DMs is complicated by the contribution of the hot gas in and around our Milky Way. This study examines the relationship between DMMW, derived from localized FRBs, and the Galaxy’s hot gas, using X-ray absorption and emission data from O vii and O viii. We find evidence for a positive correlation between DMMW and O vii absorption, reflecting contributions from both the disk and halo components. This conclusion is supported by two lines of evidence: (1) no correlation between DMMW and O vii/O viii emission, which primarily traces dense disk regions; and (2) the comparison with electron density models, where DMMW aligns with models that incorporate both disk and halo components but significantly exceeds predictions from pure disk-only models, emphasizing the halo’s role. Furthermore, the lack of correlation with O viii absorption suggests that the primary temperature of the Galaxy’s hot gas is likely around 2×106 K or less, as traced by O vii absorption, while gas at higher temperatures (∼3–5 × 106 K) is present but less abundant. Our findings provide insights into the Milky Way’s gas distribution and improve DMMW estimates for future cosmological studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue X-ray Astronomy Steps into the 21st Century: Chandra and XMM-Newton at 25)
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Review

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52 pages, 10192 KiB  
Review
Broad Observational Perspectives Achieved by the Accreting White Dwarf Sciences in the XMM-Newton and Chandra Eras
by Şölen Balman, Marina Orio and Gerardo J. M. Luna
Universe 2025, 11(4), 105; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe11040105 - 21 Mar 2025
Viewed by 628
Abstract
Accreting white dwarf binaries (AWDs) comprise cataclysmic variables (CVs), symbiotics, AM CVns, and other related systems that host a primary white dwarf (WD) accreting from a main sequence or evolved companion star. AWDs are a product of close binary evolution; thus, they are [...] Read more.
Accreting white dwarf binaries (AWDs) comprise cataclysmic variables (CVs), symbiotics, AM CVns, and other related systems that host a primary white dwarf (WD) accreting from a main sequence or evolved companion star. AWDs are a product of close binary evolution; thus, they are important for understanding the evolution and population of X-ray binaries in the Milky Way and other galaxies. AWDs are essential for studying astrophysical plasmas under different conditions along with accretion physics and processes, transient events, matter ejection and outflows, compact binary evolution, mergers, angular momentum loss mechanisms, and nuclear processes leading to explosions. AWDs are also closely related to other objects in the late stages of stellar evolution, with other accreting objects in compact binaries, and even share common phenomena with young stellar objects, active galactic nuclei, quasars, and supernova remnants. As X-ray astronomy came to a climax with the start of the Chandra and XMM-Newton missions owing to their unprecedented instrumentation, new excellent imaging capabilities, good time resolution, and X-ray grating technologies allowed immense advancement in many aspects of astronomy and astrophysics. In this review, we lay out a panorama of developments on the study of AWDs that have been accomplished and have been made possible by these two observatories; we summarize the key observational achievements and the challenges ahead. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue X-ray Astronomy Steps into the 21st Century: Chandra and XMM-Newton at 25)
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