Biological Responses to Environmental Stressors: Multilevel Approaches from Cells to Organisms

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Ecotoxicology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2026 | Viewed by 532

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
Interests: physiological responses; emerging contaminants; aquatic organisms; environmental pollution; osmoregulation; eco-physiology; One Health

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Guest Editor
1. Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
2. Department of Eco-Sustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
Interests: aquatic health; cellular stress responses; eco-physiology; marine invertebrates; xenobiotics
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biological systems are continuously exposed to a wide variety of environmental and experimental stressors that challenge cellular homeostasis and organismal function. Understanding how living systems respond and adapt to stress requires integrative approaches capable of connecting molecular and cellular events with tissue-level alterations and organismal outcomes, across different biological models.

This Special Issue invites original research articles and reviews focusing on biological responses to stressors at multiple levels of biological organization, from cells to whole organisms. Contributions may address chemical, physical, or biological stressors, including but not limited to pollutants, changes in temperature or oxygen availability, nutritional imbalances, mechanical stress and other environmental or experimental challenges.

Studies employing diverse experimental models are welcome, including in vivo organisms, in vitro systems, advanced cellular models, organoids and comparative or translational approaches. We particularly encourage submissions that explore stress-related mechanisms, adaptive and maladaptive physiological responses, cellular signaling pathways and functional consequences at the tissue or organism level.

By bringing together different models, stress sources and methodological perspectives, this Special Issue aims to foster interdisciplinary dialog and provide a broad yet coherent framework for understanding biological responses to stress.

Dr. Federica Impellitteri
Prof. Dr. Caterina Faggio
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • molecular mechanisms
  • organoids
  • in vivo systems
  • biological stress responses
  • multilevel approaches
  • cellular mechanisms
  • molecular adaptation
  • experimental models
  • in vitro systems
  • integrative biology

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 1868 KB  
Article
A Mixture of Herbicides Dicamba and Glyphosate Causes Teratogenic Effects, Oxidative Stress, and Neurotoxicity in Zebrafish Embryos
by Karoline Felisbino, Nathalia Kirsten, Shayane da Silva Milhorini, Karina Bernert, Rafaela Schiessl, Maiara Vicentini and Izonete Cristina Guiloski
Toxics 2026, 14(5), 435; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics14050435 - 14 May 2026
Viewed by 320
Abstract
Exposure to pesticides during embryonic development can cause damage to health, especially when they are complex mixtures. This study evaluated the lethality, teratogenic effects, antioxidant system, and neurotoxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos during a 96 h exposure to the herbicides [...] Read more.
Exposure to pesticides during embryonic development can cause damage to health, especially when they are complex mixtures. This study evaluated the lethality, teratogenic effects, antioxidant system, and neurotoxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos during a 96 h exposure to the herbicides dicamba (DIC) and glyphosate (GLY), alone and in a mixture. The embryos were exposed to 18 (D1) and 72 (D2) mg/L of DIC, 6 (G1) and 22 (G2) mg/L of GLY, and mixtures M1 (18 mg/L of DIC + 6 mg/L of GLY) and M2 (72 mg/L of DIC + 22 mg/L of GLY). The LC50 was 88.1 mg/L and 285.8 mg/L for GLY and DIC, respectively. M2 showed greater lethality at 48 and 72 h. The mixtures increased teratogenic effects. Generalized edema, predominant in embryos exposed to DIC, reached its maximum incidence between 48 and 72 h and then decreased. M1 delayed hatching by 72 h, while M2 accelerated it by 48 h. Yolk sac edema was significant in M1. Herbicides affected the antioxidant system differently: DIC reduced SOD activity, while GLY increased it. Additionally, DIC and M2 increased acetylcholinesterase activity, indicating neurotoxicity. This is the first study to report the effects of these herbicide mixtures on zebrafish embryos, highlighting the complexity and severity of their impact on embryonic development. Therefore, the importance of the controlled use of these pesticides is emphasized to avoid harmful effects on non-target organisms. Full article
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