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Textile Materials: Structure–Property Relationship
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Textile Materials: Structure–Property Relationship

A special issue of Textiles (ISSN 2673-7248).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 10687

Special Issue Editor

Dr. S M Fijul Kabir

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Plastic Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
Interests: sustainable textile processing; 3D printing/additive manufacturing; fiber-reinforced composites; clothing comfort and protective clothings

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

I am pleased to announce a Special Issue, titled “Textile Materials: Structure–Property Relationships”, of Textiles, an open access MDPI journal. The development of textiles is the result of long manufacturing and wet-processing stages. The manufacturing stages involve fiber, yarn, fabric, and garment manufacturing, while the wet processes are dyeing, printing, and finishing. Each of these manufacturing or wet-processing stages has numerous factors which manipulate the structures of textiles that eventually impact the properties and performances of the resulting textile materials. Based on the applications of textile materials, the science and engineering of different structures to vary properties are employed in the polymer processing of fibers. Additionally, how and why different textile structures (fiber, yarn, fabric, and apparel) are assembled to shape the final materials along with special finishes determine the properties of textiles. Therefore, the scope of this Special Issue is very wide, including, but not limited to, the following:

  • Structure–property relationships in fiber development.
  • Structure–property relationships in yarn development.
  • Structure–property relationships in fabric (woven, nonwoven, knitted, and braided fabrics) development.
  • Structure–property relationships in apparel development.
  • Structure–property relationships in special and technical textile development.
  • Structure–property relationships in textile-based composite development.

Dr. S M Fijul Kabir
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Textiles is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fiber
  • polymer
  • textile
  • composite
  • yarn
  • fabric
  • apparel
  • structure
  • properties
  • clothing
  • comfort
  • protection

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 4841 KiB  
Article
Effect of Post-Drawing Thermal Treatment on the Mechanical Behavior of Solid-State Drawn Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) Filaments
by Martín Butto, María Lluisa Maspoch and Celina Bernal
Textiles 2023, 3(3), 339-352; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles3030023 - 18 Sep 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1906
Abstract
In this work, two commercial extruded filaments for 3D printing obtained from different NatureWorks PLA resins (Ingeo™ Biopolymer 3D850 and Ingeo™ Biopolymer 4043D) were solid-state drawn at varying temperatures and subsequently heat treated by annealing. The aim was to analyze the effect of [...] Read more.
In this work, two commercial extruded filaments for 3D printing obtained from different NatureWorks PLA resins (Ingeo™ Biopolymer 3D850 and Ingeo™ Biopolymer 4043D) were solid-state drawn at varying temperatures and subsequently heat treated by annealing. The aim was to analyze the effect of post-processing of industrial fibers (solid-state drawing and annealing treatment) with varied composition (PLA grades with different contents of D-isomer) on the mechanical performance and thermal stability of the obtained PLA fibers. Morphological, thermal, and mechanical characterizations were performed for the undrawn filaments and drawn fibers, both before and after heat treatment. Drawn fibers presented a fibrillar core–shell structure, and their mechanical properties were greatly improved with respect to undrawn filaments in accordance with their higher crystallinity. The resin with the higher content of D-isomer (4043D) resulted in lower crystallinities with a subsequent decrease in mechanical properties. After heat treatment, drawn fibers exhibited completely different behaviors depending on the PLA resin, with 3D850 fibers being much more stable than 4043D fibers, which underwent molecular orientation upon drawing rather than crystallization. The solid-state drawn fibers obtained herein are comparable to commercial fibers in terms of mechanical properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Textile Materials: Structure–Property Relationship)
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16 pages, 5445 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Curing and Mechanical Performance of Pre-Impregnated Carbon Fibers Cured within Concrete
by Martin Scheurer, Matthias Kalthoff, Thomas Matschei, Michael Raupach and Thomas Gries
Textiles 2022, 2(4), 657-672; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles2040038 - 6 Dec 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2795
Abstract
In carbon-reinforced concrete, the commonly used steel reinforcement is replaced with carbon fiber reinforcement textiles, enabling thin-walled elements by using new construction principles. The high drapability of textiles offers design opportunities for new concrete structures. However, commonly utilized textiles are impregnated with comparatively [...] Read more.
In carbon-reinforced concrete, the commonly used steel reinforcement is replaced with carbon fiber reinforcement textiles, enabling thin-walled elements by using new construction principles. The high drapability of textiles offers design opportunities for new concrete structures. However, commonly utilized textiles are impregnated with comparatively stiff polymeric materials to ensure load transmission into the textile, limiting drapability. In this paper, a new approach is analyzed: the use of pre-impregnated textiles cured within the concrete matrix. This enables the production of filigree, highly curved components with high mechanical performance, as needed for novel additive manufacturing methods. In the presented trials, rovings were successfully impregnated with potential impregnation materials, cured within the concrete, and compared to rovings cured outside of the concrete. The analysis of the curing process using a rolling ball test determines that all materials have to be placed in concrete 4 to 24 h after impregnation. The results of uniaxial tensile tests on reinforced concrete show that maximum load is increased by up to 87% for rovings cured within concrete (compared to non-impregnated rovings). This load increase was higher for rovings cured outside of concrete (up to 185%), indicating that the concrete environment interferes with the curing process, requiring further analysis and adaptation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Textile Materials: Structure–Property Relationship)
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18 pages, 4430 KiB  
Article
Effect of Geometric Arrangement on Mechanical Properties of 2D Woven Auxetic Fabrics
by Arif Ali Shah, Muhmmad Shahid, Naveed Ahmad Siddiqui, Yasir Nawab and Mazhar Iqbal
Textiles 2022, 2(4), 606-623; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles2040035 - 21 Nov 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1978
Abstract
Textiles-fibres, yarns and fabrics are omnipresent in our daily lives, with unique mechanical properties that fit the design specifications for the tasks for which they are designed. The development of yarns and fabrics with negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR) is an area of current [...] Read more.
Textiles-fibres, yarns and fabrics are omnipresent in our daily lives, with unique mechanical properties that fit the design specifications for the tasks for which they are designed. The development of yarns and fabrics with negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR) is an area of current research interest due to their potential for use in high performance textiles (e.g., military, sports, etc.). The unique braiding technology of interlacement for preparation of braided helically wrapped yarns with NPR effect with later development of auxetic woven fabric made it possible to avoid the slippage of the wrapped component from the core. The applied geometrical configuration and NPR behaviour of the braided helical yarn structure with seven different angles comprising of monofilament elastomeric polyurethane (PU) core with two wrap materials that include multifilament ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibres were investigated and analysed. The mechanically stable 2D woven textile auxetic fabrics (AF) with various weave patterns such as 2/2 matt and 3/1 twill were developed from the auxetic yarn with PU elastomer core having maximum NPR effect of −1.70 using lower wrapped angle of 9° to study and compare their mechanical responses. The auxetic yarn was used in weft direction and multifilament UHMWPE yarn in warp direction, using semi-automatic loom. Auxeticity of AF was analysed and its various mechanical properties such tensile strength, impact energy absorption, in-plane, and out-of-plane auxeticity, and puncture resistance were studied. Higher energy absorption of 84 Nm for matt fabric was seen compared to twill fabric having an energy of 65 Nm. The puncture resistance capability of matt fabric was better than twill fabric. While twill fabric exhibited better auxetic effect in both in-plane and out-of-plane mode compared to matt fabric. In short, both the twill and matt design AF’s showed unique characteristics which are beneficial in making various protective textiles such as protective helmets, bullet proof shields, cut resistance gloves, blast resistant curtains, and puncture tolerant elastomeric composites. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Textile Materials: Structure–Property Relationship)
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Review

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21 pages, 2404 KiB  
Review
A Critical Review on Reusable Face Coverings: Mechanism, Development, Factors, and Challenges
by Md Al-Amin, Md Tanjim Hossain, Muneeb Tahir, Diana Wyman and S M Fijul Kabir
Textiles 2023, 3(1), 142-162; https://doi.org/10.3390/textiles3010011 - 9 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3200
Abstract
Textile supply chain challenges due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia–Ukraine war give unique insights into how health crises and geopolitical instability could dry up supplies of vital materials for the smooth functioning of human societies in calamitous times. Coinciding adverse global [...] Read more.
Textile supply chain challenges due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia–Ukraine war give unique insights into how health crises and geopolitical instability could dry up supplies of vital materials for the smooth functioning of human societies in calamitous times. Coinciding adverse global events or future pandemics could create shortages of traditional face coverings among other vital materials. Reusable face coverings could be a viable relief option in such situations. This review identifies the lack of studies in the existing literature on reusable fabric face coverings available in the market. It focuses on the development, filtration mechanisms, and factors associated with the filtration efficiency of reusable knitted and woven fabric face coverings. The authors identified relevant papers through the Summon database. Keeping the focus on readily available fabrics, this paper encompasses the key aspects of reusable face coverings made of knitted and woven fabrics outlining filtration mechanisms and requirements, development, factors affecting filtration performance, challenges, and outcomes of clinical trials. Filtration mechanisms for reusable face coverings include interception and impaction, diffusion, and electrostatic attraction. Face covering development includes the identification of appropriate constituent fibers, yarn characteristics, and base fabric construction. Factors significantly affecting the filtration performance were electrostatic charge, particle size, porosity, layers, and finishes. Reusable face coverings offer several challenges including moisture management, breathing resistance factors, and balancing filtration with breathability. Efficacy of reusable face coverings in comparison to specialized non reusable masks in clinical trials has also been reviewed and discussed. Finally, the authors identified the use of certain finishes on fabrics as a major challenge to making reusable face coverings more effective and accessible to the public. This paper is expected to provide communities and research stakeholders with access to critical knowledge on the reusability of face coverings and their management during periods of global crisis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Textile Materials: Structure–Property Relationship)
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