Systematics and Diversity of Fish

A Special Issue of Taxonomy (ISSN 2673-6500).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2027 | Viewed by 1831

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Guest Editor
Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
Interests: inventory; taxonomy; phylogeography; conservation of biodiversity of fishes; crustaceans and mollusks

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fish represents the most diverse group of vertebrates, occupying nearly all aquatic ecosystems worldwide. Despite their remarkable diversity, our understanding of fish systematics and biodiversity remains incomplete, particularly in understudied regions and taxonomically complex groups. Advances in molecular phylogenetics and integrative taxonomy have greatly improved the resolution of evolutionary relationships and species boundaries.

This Special Issue aims to provide a platform for high-quality studies on fish systematics and diversity. We welcome contributions integrating morphological and molecular data, including taxonomic revisions, phylogenetic analyses, and biodiversity assessments. This collection seeks to enhance our understanding of global fish diversity and promote further research in aquatic biodiversity.

Possible topics include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Systematic revisions of a taxon (typically at the genus level), integrating morphological and molecular evidence, including redescriptions;
  • Description of new genera or multiple new species within a genus or geographic region, supported by integrative approaches;
  • Checklists and faunal surveys of poorly studied regions or drainage systems, based on comprehensive sampling and robust data;
  • Phylogenetic studies of higher taxa (genus level or above), with implications for taxonomic classification.

Prof. Dr. Xiao-Yong Chen
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • taxonomy
  • phylogeny
  • systematics
  • fish
  • integrative taxonomy
  • taxonomic revision
  • new species
  • checklist
  • fish fauna
  • biodiversity

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 4707 KB  
Article
Phylogenetic Relationships of Troglonectes (Cypriniformes, Nemacheilidae), with Description of Two New Species
by Li-Na Du, Ming-Hao Gu, Ye-Wei Liu, Jia-Jun Zhou, Long-Xiang Wang and Qiu Shen
Taxonomy 2026, 6(3), 46; https://doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy6030046 - 6 Aug 2026
Viewed by 761
Abstract
Troglonectes is an endemic cavefish genus of Nemacheilidae, mainly distributed in Guangxi and Guizhou, China. In April 2025, ten specimens of Troglonectes were collected from a subterranean stream of a Liujiang River tributary in Jinchengjiang District, Hechi City, Guangxi. Based on morphological comparisons [...] Read more.
Troglonectes is an endemic cavefish genus of Nemacheilidae, mainly distributed in Guangxi and Guizhou, China. In April 2025, ten specimens of Troglonectes were collected from a subterranean stream of a Liujiang River tributary in Jinchengjiang District, Hechi City, Guangxi. Based on morphological comparisons and molecular phylogenetic analyses using mitochondrial Cyt b and COI genes, these specimens were identified as two new species, namely Troglonectes bottazzii sp. nov. and Troglonectes chenlixini sp. nov. Troglonectes bottazzii sp. nov. can be distinguished from congeners by having scales posterior to the dorsal fin origin, 9–10 branched dorsal fin rays, 12–13 branched pectoral fin rays, and 14 branched caudal fin rays. Troglonectes chenlixini sp. nov. is characterized by 12 branched caudal fin rays. Phylogenetically, the two new species form reciprocally monophyletic lineages with strong support, and their genetic distances meet the interspecific divergence level of Nemacheilidae. The two new species live in sympatry in the same cave waterbody, which is rare among cave loaches. Their stable morphological differences imply niche differentiation in their microhabitat and feeding ecology, which may reduce interspecific competition and likely contributes to reproductive isolation. This discovery enriches the diversity of Troglonectes and represents a valuable case and promising system for future investigations of sympatric distribution and adaptive evolution of cave-dwelling fishes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Systematics and Diversity of Fish)
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17 pages, 37875 KB  
Article
Integrative Taxonomic Evidence Supports a New Genus of Schizopygopsinae and a Redefinition of the Genus Gymnodiptychus (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae)
by Cai-Xin Liu, Shu-Wei Liu, Lu-Lu Xu, You He, De-Kui He and Xiao-Yong Chen
Taxonomy 2026, 6(3), 43; https://doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy6030043 - 7 Jul 2026
Viewed by 695
Abstract
Gymnodiptychus Herzenstein, 1892, a genus of the subfamily Schizopygopsinae, currently comprises three valid species: Gymnodiptychus dybowskii, Gymnodiptychus pachycheilus, and Gymnodiptychus integrigymnatus. Previous molecular phylogenetic studies have suggested that the genus is not monophyletic, but the taxonomic status of Gymnodiptychus integrigymnatus [...] Read more.
Gymnodiptychus Herzenstein, 1892, a genus of the subfamily Schizopygopsinae, currently comprises three valid species: Gymnodiptychus dybowskii, Gymnodiptychus pachycheilus, and Gymnodiptychus integrigymnatus. Previous molecular phylogenetic studies have suggested that the genus is not monophyletic, but the taxonomic status of Gymnodiptychus integrigymnatus has not been comprehensively reassessed. In this study, we conducted an integrative taxonomic investigation of Gymnodiptychus based on mitochondrial genome data, combined with morphological and osteological evidence. Phylogenetic analyses using the concatenated sequences of 13 mitochondrial protein-coding genes and two ribosomal RNA genes recovered Gymnodiptychus as non-monophyletic. Gymnodiptychus dybowskii and Gymnodiptychus pachycheilus formed a monophyletic clade sister to Diptychus, whereas Gymnodiptychus integrigymnatus formed an independent lineage sister to Schizopygopsis. Genetic distance analyses further revealed substantial divergence between Gymnodiptychus integrigymnatus and other members of Gymnodiptychus. Morphological and osteological comparisons demonstrated that Gymnodiptychus integrigymnatus differs markedly from the other two species, Gymnodiptychus dybowskii and Gymnodiptychus pachycheilus, in lacking pectoral girdle scales, possessing extremely reduced maxillary barbels, having a terminal mouth, and lacking the supraorbital bone. Based on this combined evidence, we establish the new genus Gaoligongia gen. nov. for Gymnodiptychus integrigymnatus Mo, 1989, which is herein reassigned as Gaoligongia integrigymnata (Mo, 1989), comb. nov. We also provide a revised diagnosis of Gymnodiptychus and a key to the genera of Schizopygopsinae. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Systematics and Diversity of Fish)
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