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Consumer Behavior, Food Waste and Sustainable Food Systems

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Food".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 1 May 2026 | Viewed by 6959

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Food Gastronomy and Food Hygiene, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: food safety; food quality; food security; food waste management; consumer behavior
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Food Gastronomy and Food Hygiene, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: food hygiene; food hygiene practice; food safety; food security; food waste management; consumer behaviour; consumer education
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Globally, about one-third of total food is wasted per year. According to UNEP estimates, households wasted about 631 million tons of food in 2022 (i.e. 60% of the 1.05 billion tons of total food wasted). Our food system is one of the main contributors to greenhouse gas emissions, which means it plays a key role in climate change. Therefore, the need for more sustainable food production and consumption is evident. The irrational use of food, in addition to the formation of waste, consumes natural resources and affects global warming. Moreover, it is a barrier to sustainable development for the food sector on a global scale. Preventing household food waste is undoubtedly an important issue; however, even with minimization strategies, unconsumed food will still be, and must be, appropriately disposed of. Some disposal practices are more environmentally, socially, and economically sustainable than others. Therefore, showing consumers the most beneficial ways to comply with the food waste hierarchy is essential. Various sociodemographic, economic, and cultural factors, including gender, age, household size, the presence and number of children, income, and education, are drivers of food waste. An important group of determinants for household food waste are so-called internal factors, i.e. those related to consumer knowledge, attitudes, and behavior toward food. It is essential to develop and implement various educational programs and campaigns to raise awareness of the problem of food waste.

This Special Issue will include a selection of recent research and current review articles about:

  1. Consumer behavior in terms of food waste.
  2. Factors determining the formation of food waste in households.
  3. Food waste minimization.
  4. Disposal paths for food waste.
  5. Sustainable food consumption.
  6. Educational programs and campaigns to raise awareness of the problem of food waste.

Prof. Dr. Beata Bilska
Dr. Marzena Tomaszewska
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • consumer behaviour
  • food waste
  • sustainable food systems
  • driving factors
  • educational programs
  • food waste prevention
  • food waste minimization
  • disposal paths
  • food waste management
  • food waste hierarchy

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 680 KB  
Article
Managing Food Waste in the Restaurant Sector: Comparative Insights from Greece and Armenia
by Vardan Aleksanyan, Sargis Gevorgyan, Davit Markosyan, Felix H. Arion, Karlen Khachatryan, Firuta Camelia Oroian, Iulia Cristina Muresan, Iulia Diana Arion and Sabin Chis
Sustainability 2025, 17(24), 11386; https://doi.org/10.3390/su172411386 - 18 Dec 2025
Viewed by 387
Abstract
Efforts to reduce food waste in restaurants are crucial for business efficiency, environmental sustainability, and social responsibility. Food waste varies by restaurant type, operations, menu offerings, and customer behavior, yet research on effective reduction strategies remains limited, particularly in Greece and Armenia. This [...] Read more.
Efforts to reduce food waste in restaurants are crucial for business efficiency, environmental sustainability, and social responsibility. Food waste varies by restaurant type, operations, menu offerings, and customer behavior, yet research on effective reduction strategies remains limited, particularly in Greece and Armenia. This study aims to identify key approaches to minimizing food waste in these countries. Using fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA), a method for examining complex causal relationships, we analyzed multiple cases to determine conditions that lead to reduced food waste. Four main paths emerged: (1) digital inventory management combined with educational programs, excluding customer choice enhancement; (2) digital inventory management with flexible dining options, without customer choice enhancement; (3) educational programs with flexible dining, excluding customer choice enhancement; and (4) the combination of digital inventory management, educational programs, and flexible dining. Most cases demonstrating these paths were observed in Greece, indicating more advanced food waste management practices. Interviews highlighted recurring themes such as overordering, portion control, supplier challenges, and the importance of education and policy grounded in social responsibility. The findings provide actionable insights for restaurants and policymakers seeking effective strategies to reduce food waste and promote sustainable practices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Consumer Behavior, Food Waste and Sustainable Food Systems)
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18 pages, 714 KB  
Article
Managing Food Leftovers in Polish Households in Terms of the Food Waste Hierarchy
by Marzena Tomaszewska, Beata Bilska and Danuta Kołożyn-Krajewska
Sustainability 2025, 17(23), 10552; https://doi.org/10.3390/su172310552 - 25 Nov 2025
Viewed by 453
Abstract
Food leftovers are a key component of household food waste. A nationwide survey of 1115 Polish adults conducted in 2019 examined how such leftovers are managed, considering socio-demographic and economic factors. It also explored the impact of selected food management practices on the [...] Read more.
Food leftovers are a key component of household food waste. A nationwide survey of 1115 Polish adults conducted in 2019 examined how such leftovers are managed, considering socio-demographic and economic factors. It also explored the impact of selected food management practices on the throwing away of unconsumed meal leftovers. The data obtained indicated that one-quarter of the respondents always and usually use unconsumed meals to prepare other dishes. The following positions were taken by: giving to animals (23.68%), disposal in a waste container (15.97%), freezing (15.78%) and ex aequo giving to family or friends and composting (8.07%). Place of residence strongly influenced behaviours. Rural residents were much more likely than city dwellers to feed animals unused ready meals and compost them. On the other hand, city dwellers and young consumers more often stated that they would dispose of such products in a waste container. The constructed regression model indicated that only the frequency of purchasing ready-made chilled and frozen meals and the importance of storage conditions, in the respondents’ opinion, significantly impacted throwing away leftovers in a waste container. In summary, Polish respondents do not follow the food waste hierarchy. For this reason, it is important to develop and implement various educational programmes and campaigns. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Consumer Behavior, Food Waste and Sustainable Food Systems)
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Review

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30 pages, 2788 KB  
Review
Rethinking Packaging for Food Waste Prevention: A Scoping Review of Consumer Behavior and Design Opportunities
by Monireh Mahmoudi, Mina Mashayekhian, Bradley Bunch and Amin Joodaky
Sustainability 2025, 17(11), 5213; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17115213 - 5 Jun 2025
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 5472
Abstract
Food waste poses critical environmental, economic, and social challenges, with consumer behavior recognized as a key leverage point for intervention. Packaging plays a vital role in preserving food quality and reducing waste, yet its behavioral influence on household food waste (HFW) remains underexplored. [...] Read more.
Food waste poses critical environmental, economic, and social challenges, with consumer behavior recognized as a key leverage point for intervention. Packaging plays a vital role in preserving food quality and reducing waste, yet its behavioral influence on household food waste (HFW) remains underexplored. This review systematically examines 52 studies investigating the impact of food packaging—excluding storage/date labeling—on consumer food waste (CFW) behaviors. Using a structured methodology, we classified studies by methodological design, geographic coverage, food types, and focal packaging features. The analysis reveals a dominant reliance on consumer surveys and short-duration diaries, with limited application of rigorous experimental methods. Geographically, the English-language literature is skewed toward high-income countries, particularly Australia and Europe, with notable gaps in regions such as Asia and Africa. Moreover, despite U.S. households discarding approximately 40% of their food, research coverage remains limited. The findings also expose a misalignment between research focus and consumer-perceived importance of packaging features; attributes such as transparency, grip/shape, and dispensing mechanisms are frequently rated as important by consumers but are under-represented in the literature. This review contributes by identifying these gaps, synthesizing behavioral evidence, and offering a roadmap for future research and design innovation. By better aligning packaging functionalities with real-world behaviors, this work supports the development of consumer-informed solutions to mitigate HFW and promote sustainable food systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Consumer Behavior, Food Waste and Sustainable Food Systems)
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