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Separations
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Sorption Separation
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Sorption Separation

A special issue of Separations (ISSN 2297-8739).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2018) | Viewed by 20785

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Martin Pipíška

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, University of Trnava, Hornopotočná 23, 918 43 Trnava, Slovakia
Interests: remediation; biosorption process modelling; water contamination; heavy metals and radionuclides accumulation; biochar
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The generation and release of waters containing dissolved metals and organic contaminants is an environmental problem of international scale and there is an urgent requirement to evaluate treatment technologies able to remove these xenobiotics from wastewaters. Sorption separation is especially applied to the treatment of effluents with low contaminants concentrations and various kinds of materials (both synthetic and natural origin) can be used as sorbents. However, for cost-effective, high-performing and eco-friendly sorption separations of contaminants from diluted solutions and liquid wastes there is need to understand the process from point of view: mechanism, kinetic, equilibrium, competition with co-sorbates in multicomponent sorption systems. To characterize all these aspects empirical and modern design or prediction approaches can be used. 

As Guest Editor of this Special Issue of Separations, I will invite researchers to provide their recent advances on the various aspects of sorption separations in environmental applications.

Dr. Martin Pipíška
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Separations is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sorption separation
  • metal ions
  • organic pollutants
  • wastewaters
  • multicomponent systems
  • process mechanism
  • isotherms
  • competitive effects
  • sorption design

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 2093 KiB  
Article
Effect of Physical and Chemical Activation on Arsenic Sorption Separation by Grape Seeds-Derived Biochar
by Vladimír Frišták, Eduardo Moreno-Jimenéz, Teresa Fresno and Elena Diaz
Separations 2018, 5(4), 59; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations5040059 - 19 Dec 2018
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3623
Abstract
The utilization of carbon-rich pyrolysis materials in the separation processes of metalloids plays a crucial role in analytes pre-concentration techniques and opens a burning issue in new sorbents development. This study characterized the effect of physical and chemical activation with subsequent iron impregnation [...] Read more.
The utilization of carbon-rich pyrolysis materials in the separation processes of metalloids plays a crucial role in analytes pre-concentration techniques and opens a burning issue in new sorbents development. This study characterized the effect of physical and chemical activation with subsequent iron impregnation of grape seed-derived biochar on sorption removal of As from model aqueous solutions. Sorbents that were produced in slow pyrolysis process at 600 °C were characterized by SEM, elemental, and specific surface area analysis. Sorption separation of As by the studied materials was characterized as on contact time and an initial concentration dependent process reaching sorption equilibrium in 1440 min. Air activated biochar (A1GSBC) showed about 7.7 times and HNO3 activated biochar (A2GSBC) about 6.8 times higher values of Qmax as compared to control (GSBC). A1GSBC and A2GSBC can be easily and effectively regenerated by alkali agent in several cycles. All of these results showed the practical use of the activation process to produce effective sorption materials with increased surface area and improved sorption potential for anionic forms separation from liquid wastes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sorption Separation)
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22 pages, 3628 KiB  
Article
Chemometric Characterization of Synthetic Dye Sorption onto Slovakian River Sediments: A Laboratory Batch Experiment
by Anna Koprdová, Miroslava Bachratá, Vanda Adamcová, Martin Valica, Martin Pipíška and Miroslav Horník
Separations 2018, 5(4), 57; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations5040057 - 4 Dec 2018
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2864
Abstract
The aim of the work was to characterize the sorption of cationic dyes thioflavine T (ThT) and methylene blue (MB) onto selected Slovakian river sediments using chemometric approaches including principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). Also, the potential of mentioned multivariate [...] Read more.
The aim of the work was to characterize the sorption of cationic dyes thioflavine T (ThT) and methylene blue (MB) onto selected Slovakian river sediments using chemometric approaches including principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). Also, the potential of mentioned multivariate analyses for comparison of studied objects (river sediments or river and model waters) as well as in finding relationships between the variables describing the physico-chemical characteristics of studied matrices or waters and sorption/desorption characteristics of matrices for dyes binding under laboratory conditions was evaluated. Parameters describing the physico-chemical characteristics of sediments include: pH, pHzpc, or cation-exchange capacity; and in the case of waters: pH, conductivity, water hardness, content of dissolved solids or presence of organic compounds. From the comparison of dye sorption onto sediments, it was found that sorption of thiazine dye MB was minimally 1.5-times higher than sorption of benzothiazole dye ThT. Sorption capacities Qs reached the maximum values in the case of sediments originated from Dudvah River (MB-Qs = 8.70 ± 0.42 mg g−1; ThT-Qs = 5.03 ± 0.28 mg g−1; ±SD). Obtained results showed that applied methods of multivariate analyses represent a suitable tool for evaluation of sorption/desorption processes of organic xenobiotics binding in sediments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sorption Separation)
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10 pages, 10935 KiB  
Article
Mechanism of Cesium Adsorption by Carbonized Rice Hull and Beech Sawdust
by Asa Miura
Separations 2018, 5(2), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations5020022 - 2 Apr 2018
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4366
Abstract
This study used the results of breakthrough experiments to elucidate the mechanism of cesium adsorption on carbonized rice hull and beech sawdust. The shape of the breakthrough curves and the substance eluted from the carbonized rice hull and beech sawdust were investigated for [...] Read more.
This study used the results of breakthrough experiments to elucidate the mechanism of cesium adsorption on carbonized rice hull and beech sawdust. The shape of the breakthrough curves and the substance eluted from the carbonized rice hull and beech sawdust were investigated for various flow speeds and concentrations of the solute through the adsorbent layer. The ratio of the Cs concentration at the column outlet (C) to that at the inlet (C0), C/C0, was calculated to evaluate the mechanism. It was found that carbonized rice hull could slowly adsorb Cs as the Cs solution passed through the fixed-bed layer. On the other hand, beech sawdust could rapidly adsorb Cs upon contact with the Cs solution. It was, therefore, suggested that the two materials adsorbed Cs through an ion-exchange reaction with potassium on their respective surfaces. Moreover, the shape of the breakthrough curve of beech sawdust changed as the Cs concentration at the column inlet was varied. This phenomenon was presumably caused by a factor other than the swelling or contraction of the adsorption layer. Further analysis revealed that the breakthrough curve of beech sawdust is indicative of an overshoot phenomenon when cesium was adsorbed by beech sawdust. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sorption Separation)
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Review

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14 pages, 482 KiB  
Review
Biosorption and Bioaccumulation Abilities of Actinomycetes/Streptomycetes Isolated from Metal Contaminated Sites
by Ivana Timková, Jana Sedláková-Kaduková and Peter Pristaš
Separations 2018, 5(4), 54; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations5040054 - 12 Nov 2018
Cited by 103 | Viewed by 9242
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution is of great concern. Due to expansion of industrial activities, a large amount of metal is released into the environment, disturbing its fragile balance. Conventional methods of remediation of heavy metal-polluted soil and water are expensive and inefficient. Therefore, new [...] Read more.
Heavy metal pollution is of great concern. Due to expansion of industrial activities, a large amount of metal is released into the environment, disturbing its fragile balance. Conventional methods of remediation of heavy metal-polluted soil and water are expensive and inefficient. Therefore, new techniques are needed to provide environmentally friendly and highly selective remediation. Streptomycetes, with their unique growth characteristics, ability to form spores and mycelia, and relatively rapid colonization of substrates, act as suitable agents for bioremediation of metals and organic compounds in polluted soil and water. A variety of mechanisms could be involved in reduction of metals in the environment, e.g., sorption to exopolymers, precipitation, biosorption and bioaccumulation. Studies performed on biosorption and bioaccumulation potential of streptomycetes could be used as a basis for further development in this field. Streptomycetes are of interest because of their ability to survive in environments contaminated by metals through the production of a wide range of metal ion chelators, such as siderophores, which provide protection from the negative effects of heavy metals or specific uptake for specialized metabolic processes. Many strains also have the equally important characteristic of resistance to high concentrations of heavy metals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sorption Separation)
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