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Observation of Marine Sedimentology
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Observation of Marine Sedimentology

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Remote Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 1598

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Guangxue Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
Interests: marine sedimentology; seafloor engneering environment; estuary processes; remote sensing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The ocean accounts for more than 71% of the Earth's surface, and particulate matter from the outer planets, the interior of the earth, the land, and the ocean itself is aggregated and deposited in the ocean basin. The development of observation technology is crucial for understanding both the transport dynamics and deposition process of particles under different marine environments. There are a wide variety of observation techniques for observing the marine sedimentary dynamic environment, the sedimentary process of a particle, sedimentary structure of a seabed, and sediment distribution. The observation methods include the earth observation system, shipborne observation, in situ observation, manned submersible observation, and unmanned submersible observation. With human beings becoming increasingly dependent on marine resources, the environment, and world peace, a variety of new marine observation techniques are constantly emerging, promoting the development of the marine sedimentary dynamic environment and marine sedimentology.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to present the latest progress in the application of marine observation techniques to marine sedimentary dynamics and marine sedimentology. We welcome contributions in all areas of marine sedimentological observation and based on various sensors, such as acoustics, visible spectrum, laser, radar, SAR, electricity, thermodynamics, sonar, seism, and so on. These include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Remote sensing;
  • Observation of sedimentary dynamic environment;
  • Observation of suspended particle concentration;
  • Identification of submarine sediment types;
  • Exploration of seafloor sedimentary strata;
  • Data interpretation model.

Prof. Dr. Guangxue Li
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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14 pages, 4351 KiB  
Article
Impact of the Mining Process on the Near-Seabed Environment of a Polymetallic Nodule Area: A Field Simulation Experiment in a Western Pacific Area
by Bowen Li, Yonggang Jia, Zhihan Fan, Kai Li and Xuefa Shi
Sensors 2023, 23(19), 8110; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23198110 - 27 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 776
Abstract
With the consumption of terrestrial metal resources, deep-sea polymetallic nodule minerals have been widely exploited around the world. Therefore, the environmental impact of deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining cannot be ignored. In this study, for the first time, a field disturbance and observation device, [...] Read more.
With the consumption of terrestrial metal resources, deep-sea polymetallic nodule minerals have been widely exploited around the world. Therefore, the environmental impact of deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining cannot be ignored. In this study, for the first time, a field disturbance and observation device, integrated with multiple sensors, is used to simulate the disturbance process of mining on seabed sediments in the polymetallic nodule area of the western Pacific Ocean at a depth of 5700 m. The impact of the process of stroking and lifting on the bottom sediment in the polymetallic nodule area is 30 times higher than that caused by the waves or the current. The time for turbidity to return to normal after the increase is about 30 min, and the influence distance of a disturbance to the bottom bed on turbidity is about 126 m. The time it takes for density to return to normal is about four hours, and the influence is about 1000 m. At the same time, the resuspension of the bottom sediment leads to an increase in density anomaly and salinity. Moreover, suspended sediments rich in metal ions may react with dissolved oxygen in water, resulting in a decrease in the dissolved oxygen content and an increase in ORP. During the observation period, the phenomenon of a deep-sea reciprocating current is found, which may cause the suspended sediment generated by the continuous operation of the mining vehicle to produce suspended sediment clouds in the water near the bottom of the mining area. This could lead to the continuous increase in nutrients in the water near the bottom of the mining area and the continuous reduction in dissolved oxygen, which will have a significant impact on the local ecological environment. Therefore, the way mining vehicles dig and wash in water bodies could have a marked impact on the marine environment. We suggest adopting the technology of suction and ore separation on mining ships, as well as bringing the separated sediment back to the land for comprehensive utilization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Observation of Marine Sedimentology)
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14 pages, 6298 KiB  
Case Report
The Suspended Sediment Flux in Winter in the South of Chengshantou, between the North and South Yellow Sea
by Bowen Li, Xuejun Xiong, Baichuan Duan, Daolong Wang and Long Yu
Sensors 2023, 23(18), 7771; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23187771 - 09 Sep 2023
Viewed by 566
Abstract
Due to the regional differences between the North and South Yellow Sea, and under the influence of winter winds, the relative changes in the coastal current and the Yellow Sea warm current will lead to the instability of the front, which will lead [...] Read more.
Due to the regional differences between the North and South Yellow Sea, and under the influence of winter winds, the relative changes in the coastal current and the Yellow Sea warm current will lead to the instability of the front, which will lead to the cross-front transport of sediment. Therefore, the study of sediment exchange between the North and South Yellow Sea has become an indispensable part of the study of the Yellow Sea environment. In this study, the current field and sediment concentration in the southern part of Chengshantou, a representative area of the Yellow Sea, were observed in winter in order to analyze the sediment exchange process between the North Yellow Sea and the South Yellow Sea in winter. The observation results show that in the southern sea area of Chengshantou, in winter, the current velocity does not change with the water depth when it exceeds 15 m, and the tides are regular semi-diurnal tides. When the water depth is less than 15 m, the current direction changes clockwise with the increase in the water depth. The turbidity increases rapidly when the wind direction is offshore and the bottom residual current is onshore, which may cause the sediment transported offshore under the action of wind and ocean current to settle under the obstruction of the Yellow Sea warm current, resulting in the rise of bottom turbidity. This also indicates that the change in residual current direction at different water depths may also lead to an increase in suspended sediment concentration. Based on this, in the estuarine area, the relative change in the current direction between the wind current and the coastal current may also be the cause of the change in the maximum turbidity zone. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Observation of Marine Sedimentology)
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