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Wireless Sensor Networks: Recent Trends, Challenges, and Future Research Topics
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Wireless Sensor Networks: Recent Trends, Challenges, and Future Research Topics

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Sensor Networks".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2024) | Viewed by 14476

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Habib Ammari

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Texas A&M University Kingsville, MSC 192, 925 W. Avenue B, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA
Interests: wireless sensor networks; autonomous vehicle networks; cyber-physical systems; Internet of Things; applied cryptography; physical security; computational geometry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue of Sensors entitled “Wireless Sensor Networks: Recent Trends, Challenges, and Future Research Topics” will focus on the analysis, design, implementation, and deployment of wireless sensor networks. Its purpose is to provide researchers and practitioners with an assessment of this exciting technology, along with the challenges posed during the development of energy-efficient, reliable, and fault-tolerant sensing networks and systems for healthcare, agriculture, environmental, industry, and military fields. The biggest challenge in the design of wireless sensor networks is the inherent constraints imposed on the sensors' storage, processing, sensing, and communication capabilities, and particularly, their severely limited power supplies, which make them unreliable. In this regard, research papers should focus on the design and development of optimized algorithms and protocols for building energy-efficient sensing networks and systems, while considering various issues related to sensor location management, sensor deployment, time-varying network features, network scalability, network fault tolerance, sensor heterogeneity, autonomous and purposeful sensor mobility, and dimensionality (i.e., two-dimensional vs. three-dimensional sensor deployment). In addition, research papers should focus on wireless sensor networks. Specifically, research papers, reviews, or survey papers should focus on architecture and experimentation; deployment and coverage; task allocation and mission assignment; detection, localization, and tracking; data dissemination and fusion; topology control and routing; privacy and security; mission-critical applications and cyber-physical systems; Internet of Things; crowdsensing and smart cities; wearable computing; wireless charging and energy transfer; robotics; and autonomous (or driverless) vehicles. These topics span the lifecycle of wireless sensor networks from sensor deployment to data collection and analysis. This Special Issue will be a useful and valuable resource to researchers and practitioners who are interested in wireless sensor networks.

Prof. Dr. Habib Ammari
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • architecture and experimentation
  • deployment and coverage
  • task allocation and mission assignment
  • detection, localization, and tracking
  • data dissemination and fusion
  • topology control and routing
  • privacy and security
  • mission-critical applications and cyber-physical systems
  • Internet of Things
  • crowdsensing and smart cities
  • wearable computing
  • wireless charging and energy transfer
  • robotics
  • autonomous (or driverless/self-driving) vehicles

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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29 pages, 10832 KiB  
Article
Tessellation-Based Construction of Air Route for Wireless Sensor Networks Employing UAV
by CheonWon Choi
Sensors 2024, 24(12), 3867; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24123867 - 14 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1139
Abstract
In this paper, we consider a wireless sensor network consisting of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) acting as a sink node and a number of sensor nodes scattered uncertainly on the ground. In the network, the UAV flies to a spatial point called [...] Read more.
In this paper, we consider a wireless sensor network consisting of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) acting as a sink node and a number of sensor nodes scattered uncertainly on the ground. In the network, the UAV flies to a spatial point called point of interest and hovers to collect environmental data from neighboring sensor nodes. Then, the UAV proceeds to the next point of interest. The UAV must gather data from all the sensor nodes. On the other hand, a shorter round-trip air route of the UAV is more preferred since a battery-operated UAV needs regular recharging. To satisfy the requirement and to adhere to the recommendation as well, especially in the situation where only vague locational information about sensor nodes is available, we propose a scheme that follows three steps. First, it covers the sensor field of the wireless sensor network with three categories of hexagonal tessellations. Secondly, it establishes a point of interest at the centroid of each tile. Thirdly, it constructs an air route of the UAV, which visits every point of interest along a Hamiltonian cycle on the induced graph. Next, we develop a closed-form expression for the exact flight distance attained by the proposed scheme. For comparative evaluation, we discover some optimal schemes that minimize the flight distance by completely inspecting all patterns and corroborating the property of Hamiltonicity. The flight distance along the air route constructed by the proposed scheme is found to be only slightly longer than the flight distance yielded by an optimal scheme. Furthermore, the proposed scheme is proven to be practically valid when a common multicopter is employed as the sink node. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Sensor Networks: Recent Trends, Challenges, and Future Research Topics)
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Review

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35 pages, 8022 KiB  
Review
Internet of Robotic Things: Current Technologies, Challenges, Applications, and Future Research Topics
by Jakub Krejčí, Marek Babiuch, Jiří Suder, Václav Krys and Zdenko Bobovský
Sensors 2025, 25(3), 765; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25030765 - 27 Jan 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2263
Abstract
This article focuses on the integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the Internet of Robotic Things, representing a dynamic research area with significant potential for industrial applications. The Internet of Robotic Things (IoRT) integrates IoT technologies into robotic systems, enhancing their [...] Read more.
This article focuses on the integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the Internet of Robotic Things, representing a dynamic research area with significant potential for industrial applications. The Internet of Robotic Things (IoRT) integrates IoT technologies into robotic systems, enhancing their efficiency and autonomy. The article provides an overview of the technologies used in IoRT, including hardware components, communication technologies, and cloud services. It also explores IoRT applications in industries such as healthcare, agriculture, and more. The article discusses challenges and future research directions, including data security, energy efficiency, and ethical issues. The goal is to raise awareness of the importance of IoRT and demonstrate how this technology can bring significant benefits across various sectors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Sensor Networks: Recent Trends, Challenges, and Future Research Topics)
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22 pages, 4119 KiB  
Review
Dual-Band Passive Beam Steering Antenna Technologies for Satellite Communication and Modern Wireless Systems: A Review
by Maira I. Nabeel, Khushboo Singh, Muhammad U. Afzal, Dushmantha N. Thalakotuna and Karu P. Esselle
Sensors 2024, 24(18), 6144; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24186144 - 23 Sep 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2918
Abstract
Efficient beam steerable high-gain antennas enable high-speed data rates over long-distance networks, including wireless backhaul, satellite communications (SATCOM), and SATCOM On-the-Move. These characteristics are essential for advancing contemporary wireless communication networks, particularly within 5G and beyond. Various beam steering solutions have been proposed [...] Read more.
Efficient beam steerable high-gain antennas enable high-speed data rates over long-distance networks, including wireless backhaul, satellite communications (SATCOM), and SATCOM On-the-Move. These characteristics are essential for advancing contemporary wireless communication networks, particularly within 5G and beyond. Various beam steering solutions have been proposed in the literature, with passive beam steering mechanisms employing planar metasurfaces emerging as cost-effective, power-efficient, and compact options. These attributes make them well-suited for use in confined spaces, large-scale production and widespread distribution to meet the demands of the mass market. Utilizing a dual-band antenna terminal setup is often advantageous for full duplex communication in wireless systems. Therefore, this article presents a comprehensive review of the dual-band beam steering techniques for enabling full-duplex communication in modern wireless systems, highlighting their design methodologies, scanning mechanisms, physical characteristics, and constraints. Despite the advantages of planar metasurface-based beam steering solutions, the literature on dual-band beam steering antennas supporting full duplex communication is limited. This review article identifies research gaps and outlines future directions for developing economically feasible passive dual-band beam steering solutions for mass deployment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Sensor Networks: Recent Trends, Challenges, and Future Research Topics)
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47 pages, 1047 KiB  
Review
Detecting and Mitigating Attacks on GPS Devices
by Jack Burbank, Trevor Greene and Naima Kaabouch
Sensors 2024, 24(17), 5529; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24175529 - 26 Aug 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4195
Abstract
Modern systems and devices, including unmanned aerial systems (UASs), autonomous vehicles, and other unmanned and autonomous systems, commonly rely on the Global Positioning System (GPS) for positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT). Cellular mobile devices rely on GPS for PNT and location-based services. Many [...] Read more.
Modern systems and devices, including unmanned aerial systems (UASs), autonomous vehicles, and other unmanned and autonomous systems, commonly rely on the Global Positioning System (GPS) for positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT). Cellular mobile devices rely on GPS for PNT and location-based services. Many of these systems cannot function correctly without GPS; however, GPS signals are susceptible to a wide variety of signal-related disruptions and cyberattacks. GPS threat detection and mitigation have received significant attention recently. There are many surveys and systematic reviews in the literature related to GPS security; however, many existing reviews only briefly discuss GPS security within a larger discussion of cybersecurity. Other reviews focus on niche topics related to GPS security. There are no existing comprehensive reviews of GPS security issues in the literature. This paper fills that gap by providing a comprehensive treatment of GPS security, with an emphasis on UAS applications. This paper provides an overview of the threats to GPS and the state-of-the-art techniques for attack detection and countermeasures. Detection and mitigation approaches are categorized, and the strengths and weaknesses of existing approaches are identified. This paper also provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art on alternative positioning and navigation techniques in GPS-disrupted environments, discussing the strengths and weaknesses of existing approaches. Finally, this paper identifies gaps in existing research and future research directions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Sensor Networks: Recent Trends, Challenges, and Future Research Topics)
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16 pages, 594 KiB  
Review
Security Control of Cyber–Physical Systems under Cyber Attacks: A Survey
by Wei Xing and Jun Shen
Sensors 2024, 24(12), 3815; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24123815 - 13 Jun 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2480
Abstract
Cyber–physical systems (CPSs), which combine computer science, control systems, and physical elements, have become essential in modern industrial and societal contexts. However, their extensive integration presents increasing security challenges, particularly due to recurring cyber attacks. Therefore, it is crucial to explore CPS security [...] Read more.
Cyber–physical systems (CPSs), which combine computer science, control systems, and physical elements, have become essential in modern industrial and societal contexts. However, their extensive integration presents increasing security challenges, particularly due to recurring cyber attacks. Therefore, it is crucial to explore CPS security control. In this review, we systematically examine the prevalent cyber attacks affecting CPSs, such as denial of service, false data injection, and replay attacks, explaining their impacts on CPSs’ operation and integrity, as well as summarizing classic attack detection methods. Regarding CPSs’ security control approaches, we comprehensively outline protective strategies and technologies, including event-triggered control, switching control, predictive control, and optimal control. These approaches aim to effectively counter various cyber threats and strengthen CPSs’ security and resilience. Lastly, we anticipate future advancements in CPS security control, envisioning strategies to address emerging cyber risks and innovations in intelligent security control techniques. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Sensor Networks: Recent Trends, Challenges, and Future Research Topics)
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