Announcements

Launched in 2001, Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220) is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal on the science and technology of sensors. The past quarter century has witnessed a remarkable evolution in sensing science and technology—evolving from fundamental sensor design to the ubiquitous integration of smart sensing in the Internet of Things (IoT) and AI-driven systems. To commemorate this milestone, we have curated a special collection of 25 representative research articles and 25 review papers from our extensive publication history. These works were selected by the Editor-in-Chief and Editorial Board team based on the criteria of exceptional research impact and a key role in defining the key milestones of sensor research across diverse disciplines.

(I) Sensing Principles, Materials and Devices
Research Article
“Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS): Principles, Construction, and Biosensing Applications”
by Hend S. Magar, Rabeay Y. A. Hassan and Ashok Mulchandani
Sensors 2021, 21(19), 6578; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21196578
Cited by 1140+

Review Papers
“Electrochemical Biosensors - Sensor Principles and Architectures”
by Dorothee Grieshaber, Robert MacKenzie, Janos Vörös and Erik Reimhult
Sensors 2008, 8(3), 1400−1458; https://doi.org/10.3390/s80314000
Cited by 1360+

“Metal Oxide Gas Sensors: Sensitivity and Influencing Factors”
by Chengxiang Wang, Longwei Yin, Luyuan Zhang, Dong Xiang and Rui Gao
Sensors 2010, 10(3), 2088−2106; https://doi.org/10.3390/s100302088
Cited by 2700+

“Metal Oxide Semi-Conductor Gas Sensors in Environmental Monitoring”
by George F. Fine, Leon M. Cavanagh, Ayo Afonja and Russell Binions
Sensors 2010, 10(6), 5469−5502; https://doi.org/10.3390/s100605469
Cited by 1330+

“Metal Oxide Nanostructures and Their Gas Sensing Properties: A Review”
by Yu-Feng Sun, Shao-Bo Liu, Fan-Li Meng, Jin-Yun Liu, Zhen Jin, Ling-Tao Kong and Jin-Huai Liu
Sensors 2012, 12(3), 2610−2631; https://doi.org/10.3390/s120302610
Cited by 1130+

“A Survey on Gas Sensing Technology”
by Xiao Liu, Sitian Cheng, Hong Liu, Sha Hu, Daqiang Zhang and Huansheng Ning
Sensors 2012, 12(7), 9635−9665; https://doi.org/10.3390/s120709635
Cited by 1390+

“Humidity Sensors Principle, Mechanism, and Fabrication Technologies: A Comprehensive Review”
by Hamid Farahani, Rahman Wagiran and Mohd Nizar Hamidon
Sensors 2014, 14(5), 7881−7939; https://doi.org/10.3390/s140507881
Cited by 1180+

“Surface Plasmon Resonance: A Versatile Technique for Biosensor Applications”
by Hoang Hiep Nguyen, Jeho Park, Sebyung Kang and Moonil Kim
Sensors 2015, 15(5), 10481−10510; https://doi.org/10.3390/s150510481
Cited by 1210+

“A Review on Biosensors and Recent Development of Nanostructured Materials-Enabled Biosensors”
by Varnakavi. Naresh and Nohyun Lee
Sensors 2021, 21(4), 1109; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21041109
Cited by 1750+

(II) Wearable, Physiological and Biomedical Sensors
Research Articles
“Machine Learning Methods for Classifying Human Physical Activity from On-Body Accelerometers”
by Andrea Mannini and Angelo Maria Sabatini
Sensors 2010, 10(2), 1154−1175; https://doi.org/10.3390/s100201154
Cited by 660+

“IMU-Based Joint Angle Measurement for Gait Analysis”
by Thomas Seel, Jörg Raisch and Thomas Schauer
Sensors 2014, 14(4), 6891−6909; https://doi.org/10.3390/s140406891
Cited by 760+

“Deep Convolutional and LSTM Recurrent Neural Networks for Multimodal Wearable Activity Recognition”
by Francisco Javier Ordóñez and Daniel Roggen
Sensors 2016, 16(1), 115; https://doi.org/10.3390/s16010115
Cited by 2460+

“A Validation of Six Wearable Devices for Estimating Sleep, Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability in Healthy Adults”
by Dean J. Miller, Charli Sargent and Gregory D. Roach
Sensors 2022, 22(16), 6317; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166317
Cited by 240+

Review Papers
“Brain Computer Interfaces, a Review”
by Luis Fernando Nicolas-Alonso and Jaime Gomez-Gil
Sensors 2012, 12(2), 1211−1279; https://doi.org/10.3390/s120201211
Cited by 1940+

“Wearable Electronics and Smart Textiles: A Critical Review”
by Matteo Stoppa and Alessandro Chiolerio
Sensors 2014, 14(7), 11957−11992; https://doi.org/10.3390/s140711957
Cited by 1910+

“Wearable Sensors for Remote Health Monitoring”
by Sumit Majumder, Tapas Mondal and M. Jamal Deen
Sensors 2017, 17(1), 130; https://doi.org/10.3390/s17010130
Cited by 1180+

“Biomarkers in Cancer Detection, Diagnosis, and Prognosis”
by Sreyashi Das, Mohan Kumar Dey, Ram Devireddy and Manas Ranjan Gartia
Sensors 2024, 24(1), 37; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24010037
Cited by 330+

“Transformers in EEG Analysis: A Review of Architectures and Applications in Motor Imagery, Seizure, and Emotion Classification”
by Elnaz Vafaei and Mohammad Hosseini
Sensors 2025, 25(5), 1293; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25051293
Cited by 80+

“Wearable and Flexible Sensor Devices: Recent Advances in Designs, Fabrication Methods, and Applications”
by Shahid Muhammad Ali, Sima Noghanian, Zia Ullah Khan, Saeed Alzahrani, Saad Alharbi, Mohammad Alhartomi and Ruwaybih Alsulami
Sensors 2025, 25(5), 1377; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25051377
Cited by 90+

(III) Sensor Fusion and Computer Vision
Research Articles
“Accuracy and Resolution of Kinect Depth Data for Indoor Mapping Applications”
by Kourosh Khoshelham and Sander Oude Elberink
Sensors 2012, 12(2), 1437−1454; https://doi.org/10.3390/s120201437
Cited by 1450+

“Analysis of the Accuracy and Robustness of the Leap Motion Controller”
by Frank Weichert, Daniel Bachmann, Bartholomäus Rudak and Denis Fisseler
Sensors 2013, 13(5), 6380−6393; https://doi.org/10.3390/s130506380
Cited by 840+

“Person Recognition System Based on a Combination of Body Images from Visible Light and Thermal Cameras”
by Dat Tien Nguyen, Hyung Gil Hong, Ki Wan Kim and Kang Ryoung Park
Sensors 2017, 17(3), 605; https://doi.org/10.3390/s17030605
Cited by 810+

“GelSight: High-Resolution Robot Tactile Sensors for Estimating Geometry and Force”
by Wenzhen Yuan, Siyuan Dong and Edward H. Adelson
Sensors 2017, 17(12), 2762; https://doi.org/10.3390/s17122762
Cited by 1110+

“SECOND: Sparsely Embedded Convolutional Detection”
by Yan Yan, Yuxing Mao and Bo Li
Sensors 2018, 18(10), 3337; https://doi.org/10.3390/s18103337
Cited by 3340+

“Comparing YOLOv3, YOLOv4 and YOLOv5 for Autonomous Landing Spot Detection in Faulty UAVs”
by Upesh Nepal and Hossein Eslamiat
Sensors 2022, 22(2), 464; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22020464
Cited by 420+

Review Paper
“Sensor and Sensor Fusion Technology in Autonomous Vehicles: A Review”
by De Jong Yeong, Gustavo Velasco-Hernandez, John Barry and Joseph Walsh
Sensors 2021, 21(6), 2140; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21062140
Cited by 960+

(IV) Industrial and Structural Sensing and Fault Diagnosis
Research Articles
“Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring Approaches for Disaggregated Energy Sensing: A Survey”
by Ahmed Zoha, Alexander Gluhak, Muhammad Ali Imran and Sutharshan Rajasegarar
Sensors 2012, 12(12), 16838−16866; https://doi.org/10.3390/s121216838
Cited by 870+

“Learning to Monitor Machine Health with Convolutional Bi-Directional LSTM Networks”
by Rui Zhao, Ruqiang Yan, Jinjiang Wang and Kezhi Mao
Sensors 2017, 17(2), 273; https://doi.org/10.3390/s17020273
Cited by 750+

“A New Deep Learning Model for Fault Diagnosis with Good Anti-Noise and Domain Adaptation Ability on Raw Vibration Signals”
by Wei Zhang, Gaoliang Peng, Chuanhao Li, Yuanhang Chen and Zhujun Zhang
Sensors 2017, 17(2), 425; https://doi.org/10.3390/s17020425
Cited by 1870+

Review Papers
“A Systematic Review of Advanced Sensor Technologies for Non-Destructive Testing and Structural Health Monitoring”
by Sahar Hassani and Ulrike Dackermann
Sensors 2023, 23(4), 2204; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23042204
Cited by 420+

“Additive Manufacturing: A Comprehensive Review”
by Longfei Zhou, Jenna Miller, Jeremiah Vezza, Maksim Mayster, Muhammad Raffay, Quentin Justice, Zainab Al Tamimi, Gavyn Hansotte, Lavanya Devi Sunkara and Jessica Bernat
Sensors 2024, 24(9), 2668; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24092668
Cited by 460+

“Fault Detection and Diagnosis in Industry 4.0: A Review on Challenges and Opportunities”
by Denis Leite, Emmanuel Andrade, Diego Rativa and Alexandre M. A. Maciel
Sensors 2025, 25(1), 60; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25010060
Cited by 110+

“Sensing Techniques for Structural Health Monitoring: A State-of-the-Art Review on Performance Criteria and New-Generation Technologies”
by Ali Mardanshahi, Abhilash Sreekumar, Xin Yang, Swarup Kumar Barman and Dimitrios Chronopoulos
Sensors 2025, 25(5), 1424; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25051424
Cited by 100+

(V) Agriculture and Remote Sensing
Research Articles
“Sensitivity of the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to Topographic Effects: A Case Study in High-density Cypress Forest”
by Bunkei Matsushita, Wei Yang, Jin Chen, Yuyichi Onda and Guoyu Qiu
Sensors 2007, 7(11), 2636−2651; https://doi.org/10.3390/s7112636
Cited by 730+

“DeepFruits: A Fruit Detection System Using Deep Neural Networks”
by Inkyu Sa, Zongyuan Ge, Feras Dayoub, Ben Upcroft, Tristan Perez and Chris McCool
Sensors 2016, 16(8), 1222; https://doi.org/10.3390/s16081222
Cited by 1050+

Review Papers
“A Comprehensive Review on Water Quality Parameters Estimation Using Remote Sensing Techniques”
by Mohammad Haji Gholizadeh, Assefa M. Melesse and Lakshmi Reddi
Sensors 2016, 16(8), 1298; https://doi.org/10.3390/s16081298
Cited by 980+

“Machine Learning in Agriculture: A Review”
by Konstantinos G. Liakos, Patrizia Busato, Dimitrios Moshou, Simon Pearson and Dionysis Bochtis
Sensors 2018, 18(8), 2674; https://doi.org/10.3390/s18082674
Cited by 2740+

“A Review of CNN Applications in Smart Agriculture Using Multimodal Data”
by Mohammad El Sakka, Mihai Ivanovici, Lotfi Chaari and Josiane Mothe
Sensors 2025, 25(2), 472; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25020472
Cited by 120+

“The IoT and AI in Agriculture: The Time Is Now—A Systematic Review of Smart Sensing Technologies”
by Tymoteusz Miller, Grzegorz Mikiciuk, Irmina Durlik, Małgorzata Mikiciuk, Adrianna Łobodzińska and Marek Śnieg
Sensors 2025, 25(12), 3583; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25123583
Cited by 150+

(VI) Wireless Communication and IoT Sensor Networks
Research Articles
“Overview and Evaluation of Bluetooth Low Energy: An Emerging Low-Power Wireless Technology”
by Carles Gomez, Joaquim Oller and Josep Paradells
Sensors 2012, 12(9), 11734−11753; https://doi.org/10.3390/s120911734
Cited by 800+

“A Study of LoRa: Long Range & Low Power Networks for the Internet of Things”
by Aloÿs Augustin, Jiazi Yi, Thomas Clausen and William Mark Townsley
Sensors 2016, 16(9), 1466; https://doi.org/10.3390/s16091466
Cited by 1390+

“Learning Traffic as Images: A Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Large-Scale Transportation Network Speed Prediction”
by Xiaolei Ma, Zhuang Dai, Zhengbing He, Jihui Ma, Yong Wang and Yunpeng Wang
Sensors 2017, 17(4), 818; https://doi.org/10.3390/s17040818
Cited by 1350+

“CICIoT2023: A Real-Time Dataset and Benchmark for Large-Scale Attacks in IoT Environment”
by Euclides Carlos Pinto Neto, Sajjad Dadkhah, Raphael Ferreira, Alireza Zohourian, Rongxing Lu and Ali A. Ghorbani
Sensors 2023, 23(13), 5941; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23135941
Cited by 920+

(VII) AI-Enabled Sensing and Data Analytics
Research Articles
“A Robust Deep-Learning-Based Detector for Real-Time Tomato Plant Diseases and Pests Recognition”
by Alvaro Fuentes, Sook Yoon, Sang Cheol Kim and Dong Sun Park
Sensors 2017, 17(9), 2022; https://doi.org/10.3390/s17092022
Cited by 1410+

“Comparison of Random Forest, k-Nearest Neighbor, and Support Vector Machine Classifiers for Land Cover Classification Using Sentinel-2 Imagery”
by Phan Thanh Noi and Martin Kappas
Sensors 2018, 18(1), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/s18010018
Cited by 950+

“A Deep CNN-LSTM Model for Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Forecasting in Smart Cities”
by Chiou-Jye Huang and Ping-Huan Kuo
Sensors 2018, 18(7), 12220; https://doi.org/10.3390/s18072220
Cited by 640+

“UAV-YOLOv8: A Small-Object-Detection Model Based on Improved YOLOv8 for UAV Aerial Photography Scenarios”
by Gang Wang, Yanfei Chen, Pei An, Hanyu Hong, Jinghu Hu and Tiange Huang
Sensors 2023, 23(16), 7190; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23167190
Cited by 940+

“PC-YOLO11s: A Lightweight and Effective Feature Extraction Method for Small Target Image Detection”
by Zhou Wang, Yuting Su, Feng Kang, Lijin Wang, Yaohua Lin, Qingshou Wu, Huicheng Li and Zhiling Cai
Sensors 2025, 25(2), 348; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25020348
Cited by 70+

Review Papers
“Survey of Explainable AI Techniques in Healthcare”
by Ahmad Chaddad, Jihao Peng, Jian Xu and Ahmed Bouridane
Sensors 2023, 23(2), 634; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23020634
Cited by 500+

“From Sensors to Data Intelligence: Leveraging IoT, Cloud, and Edge Computing with AI”
by Ilenia Ficili, Maurizio Giacobbe, Giuseppe Tricomi and Antonio Puliafito
Sensors 2025, 25(6), 1763; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25061763
Cited by 150+

We extend our deepest gratitude to all the authors, reviewers, and Editorial Board Members who have contributed to the journal's success over the years. It is our sincere hope that the collection not only honors the past but also inspires the next generation of sensing innovations to come.

Please note that citations refer to data as of 1 July 2026.

Sensors Editorial Office