Muslims Diaspora in Western Countries

A special issue of Religions (ISSN 2077-1444).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 February 2019) | Viewed by 17981

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

The aim of this special issue is to bring together some of the most up-to-date ground-breaking work on Muslims in Europe, focussing on research data collected since 9/11, which has represented a kind of watershed in the relationship between European citizens and administrations (both at local and national levels) and Muslims.

Dear Colleagues,

In Europe, research and studies have focused on the growing presence of Muslims, through observations and insights carried out from different perspectives: religious beliefs and practices, hope for a certain type of society (laic versus Islamic), definition of identity (religious, national, transnational, cosmopolitan), orientation regarding the education of children and intermarriage and requests made to educational institutions (recognition of holidays, teaching of religion in school). In addition, attention to the religious variable has often been correlated with that dedicated to labour, school, urban schedules and spaces, with specific requests regarding nutrition, places of worship and areas for the burial of the dead. From another point of view, the terrorist attacks added a further perspective of the analysis of this specific group, in an attempt to figure out if its members can become new representatives of fundamentalism in Europe. In this way, the intertwining between Islam and politics is back in the spotlight. The level of the city is the scenario wherein religious identity has been questioned and wherein requests for reprepresentation made by Muslim communities have been widely discussed. Attention was focused, more rarely, on how local policies, from the scope of integration to that of social cohesion, from inter-religious to urban-architectural, have developed and how they have managed the relationship with the plurality of associations which can be traced to the Muslim milieu in each local context. Recently there have come into being a further two elements of interest, that is to, on the one hand, the tragic events in which European Muslims with a migratory background have been involved and, on the other, the arrival on the scene of the issue of asylum seekers and refugees, which are reshaping the attention to the Muslim presence in the European society.

The special issue aims to update the scholarly debate on the current situation of Muslims in various European cities, considering contributions based on both quantitative data and qualitative collected materials, as well as comparing and contrasting what is happening off- and on-line. Priority will be given to contributions covering the following issues:

  • relations between Muslim associations and local/national administrations in promoting the recognition of rights (from family legal issues to places of worship, from religious courses in the schools to political involvement);
  • the role played by ethnic mosques in the broader integration process;
  • religious socialization across generations, comparing and contrasting Muslims with other religious belongings;
  • investigating how native Europeans develop their identity in response to/relationship with the Muslim identities of asylum seekers;
  • the religious requests made by first and second generations of Muslims at both national and local levels;
  • how Muslim associations cope with the phenomena of radicalization and fundamentalism;
  • exploring the involvement of young European Muslims in transnational religious networks;
  • examining the implications of how Muslims, belonging both to first- and second generations, (re)configure religious arrangements in the context of anti-immigrant discourse.

Prof. Dr. Roberta Ricucci
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Diaspora
  • Muslim
  • Transnationalism
  • Representation
  • Governance
  • Recognition

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 292 KiB  
Article
Fasad, Hijra and Warlike Diaspora” from the Geographic Boundaries of Early Islam to a New Dar al-Hikma: Europe
by Marco Demichelis
Religions 2019, 10(4), 277; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel10040277 - 17 Apr 2019
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 6117
Abstract
This paper aims to emphasize the influence that “Classic” Islamic Thought had on the contemporary European-Islamic one regarding the conceptualization and action of emigration (hijra-hajara) through the geographical and juridical redefinition of the Old Continent as a new “house” [...] Read more.
This paper aims to emphasize the influence that “Classic” Islamic Thought had on the contemporary European-Islamic one regarding the conceptualization and action of emigration (hijra-hajara) through the geographical and juridical redefinition of the Old Continent as a new “house” (dar/bayt) in hosting a Muslim population. The analysis should also be considered in relation to the sectarian and violent phase which followed the peaceful one of the so-called “Arab Spring” and the current deflagration of part of the Middle East. During the proto-Islamic historical phase, the term muhajirun was adopted to define those who made the hijra, referring to the prophet Muhammad’s followers in 622. They aimed to live according to religious behaviour and started to be different from their polytheist society of origin; the same term was also used to categorize those who partially populated the new conquered territories in the following decades: Syria, Egypt, Mesopotamia, the Iranian plateau, etc., and who decided to take root and become in-urbanized. The contemporary juridical, political, and religious perception, before and after 2011, started to consider a different “emigration” perspective, which, not so differently from the original hijra conceptualization, is rooted in abandoning a land of warlike and sectarian violence to reach a geography where individual religious affiliation can be safeguarded. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Muslims Diaspora in Western Countries)
13 pages, 269 KiB  
Article
Fighting for What? Couples’ Communication, Parenting and Social Activism: The Case Study of a “Christian-Muslim” Families’ Association in Brussels (Belgium)
by Francesco Cerchiaro
Religions 2019, 10(4), 270; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel10040270 - 15 Apr 2019
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 4953
Abstract
Mixed families have historically been considered to be a direct consequence of a process of social and cultural integration of migrants within the host society, although this link has recently been problematized by scholars. By focusing on the case study of an association [...] Read more.
Mixed families have historically been considered to be a direct consequence of a process of social and cultural integration of migrants within the host society, although this link has recently been problematized by scholars. By focusing on the case study of an association of “Christian-Muslim” families in Belgium, this article offers a better understanding of the social consequences of mixedness. The article seeks to shed light on the private and public life of the couples who are members of this association by answering the following research questions: Why do couples turn to this association? At what stages of their lives? What is the social role that the association aims to play in society? Using partners’ life stories and ethnographic observation gathered during the association’s meetings, the findings demonstrate how this association plays an important role at different levels and at different stages of a family’s life. The analysis will highlight that: (1) there is a specific aim to help new couples to face administrative, religious and cultural “obstacles” they encounter during the first period of their relationships, and (2) special meetings to discuss the challenge of parenting are at the core of the association’s activities. The “problem” of transmission requires of the couple further negotiations to find a way to balance their respective cultural backgrounds. These negotiations have to take into account the power misbalance within the Belgian hegemonic context. (3) The social activism of this association is an important aspect of its aims and scope. Some of the couples are active in countering a dominant stereotypical representation of mixed couples. They organize meetings and events to sensitize public opinion on interreligious dialogue, migration issues and the fight against racism. In this way, the association proposes itself as a new peculiar agent of social change in the public sphere. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Muslims Diaspora in Western Countries)
24 pages, 275 KiB  
Article
A New Muslim Community: Children of Islam and Scotland ,
by Stefano Bonino
Religions 2019, 10(3), 175; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel10030175 - 10 Mar 2019
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 5635
Abstract
The experience of being a Muslim in Scotland today is shaped by the global and national post-9/11 shift in public attitudes towards Muslims, and is infused by the particular social, cultural, and political Scottish ways of dealing with minorities, diversity, and integration. The [...] Read more.
The experience of being a Muslim in Scotland today is shaped by the global and national post-9/11 shift in public attitudes towards Muslims, and is infused by the particular social, cultural, and political Scottish ways of dealing with minorities, diversity, and integration. The paper explores the development of Muslim communities in Scotland, highlighting the ongoing changes in their structure and the move towards a Scottish experience of being Muslim. This experience combines a sense of civic and social belonging to Scotland with a religious and ideological commitment to Islam. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Muslims Diaspora in Western Countries)
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