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Radiation-Induced Modifications in Polymers and Graft Copolymerization: Mechanisms and Applications

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2026) | Viewed by 1054

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
ENEA Nuclear Department (NUC), Casaccia Research Center, Via Anguillarese, 301, 00123 Rome, Italy
Interests: gamma irradiation; total absorbed dose; dose rate; polymers characterization; spectroscopic materials characterization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
ENEA Nuclear Department (NUC), Casaccia Research Center, Via Anguillarese, 301, 00123 Rome, Italy
Interests: gamma irradiation; total absorbed dose; dose rate; polymers synthesis and characterization; spectroscopic techniques
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory for Radiation and Polymer Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, A. J. Clark School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-2115, USA
Interests: polymers; biomaterials; radiation engineering; nuclear engineering; environmental effects
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ionizing radiation is a versatile tool for the synthesis and functional modification of polymeric materials. Exposure to high-energy radiation sources, such as gamma rays, X-rays, or electron beams, induces the formation of reactive species within the polymer matrix promoting a series of chemical reactions that modify the polymer’s molecular structure.

Ionizing radiation induces key modifications in polymers, including crosslinking, which enhances mechanical, thermal, and chemical stability; degradation, which reduces molecular weight and can facilitate recycling or biodegradability; and grafting, which introduces functional groups or polymer chains to tailor surface properties for specific applications such as biomedical or environmental use.

The extent and nature of these modifications depend on several factors, including the type and dose of radiation, the chemical structure of the polymer, and the environmental conditions during irradiation. This technique is widely applied in fields such as packaging, medicine, electronics, and environmental engineering.

This Special Issue welcomes original research articles and reviews on (but not limited to) the polymer modification induced by ionizing radiation. Researchers from academia and industry are encouraged to share their latest investigations regarding effects on polymer properties, potential applications in various sectors, and associated technological innovations.

Dr. Jessica Scifo
Dr. Rocco Carcione
Prof. Dr. Mohamad Al-Sheikhly
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ionizing radiation
  • polymers
  • polymer composites
  • crosslinking
  • degradation
  • grafting
  • functionalization
  • surface modification
  • interface properties
  • morphological and structural characterizations
  • total absorbed dose
  • dose rate
  • sensors and devices

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 1405 KB  
Article
Atmosphere-Dependent Radiation Stabilization of Stearic Acid on Vaterite CaCO3: A Comparison of Gamma and Electron-Beam Irradiation
by Helena Biljanić, Urszula Gryczka, Marta Walo, Damir Kralj and Katarina Marušić
Polymers 2026, 18(7), 831; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym18070831 - 28 Mar 2026
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Abstract
Calcium carbonate is a widely used filler in polymer composites due to its low cost and ability to improve stiffness, dimensional stability, and impact resistance. However, its hydrophilic surface limits compatibility with nonpolar polymer matrices, making surface modification essential to improve filler dispersion [...] Read more.
Calcium carbonate is a widely used filler in polymer composites due to its low cost and ability to improve stiffness, dimensional stability, and impact resistance. However, its hydrophilic surface limits compatibility with nonpolar polymer matrices, making surface modification essential to improve filler dispersion and interfacial adhesion. Stearic acid is commonly applied as a surface modifier for calcium carbonate because it readily chemisorbs onto the mineral surface and forms densely packed self-assembled monolayers that improve hydrophobic character. Despite its widespread use, stearic acid exhibits limited thermal and interfacial stability under polymer processing conditions, motivating the development of stabilization strategies. In this work, gamma and electron-beam irradiation were applied to stearic-acid-modified calcium carbonate to modify the surface-bound stearic acid layer with the aim of enhancing its interfacial stability, surface resistance, and hydrophobic performance, and to evaluate the influence of irradiation atmosphere on these effects. The modified materials were characterized in terms of structural integrity, surface wettability, surface free energy, thermal stability, and optical properties. The results demonstrate that ionizing radiation enhances surface hydrophobicity and coating durability while preserving the crystal structure of the CaCO3 substrate. Gamma irradiation of stearic-acid-modified vaterite exhibited strong atmosphere dependence, with improved hydrophobicity under oxygen-free conditions, whereas electron-beam irradiation showed more robust and oxygen-insensitive behavior. Based on the observed improvements in hydrophobicity, surface free energy, and thermal stability, electron-beam irradiation emerges as a promising and less atmosphere-sensitive approach for producing durable stearic-acid-modified CaCO3 fillers suitable for polymer composite applications. Full article
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