Electrochemical and Spectroscopic Properties of Conducting Polymers

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Processing and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2023) | Viewed by 5441

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Interests: narrow-bandgap polymers; N-type conducting polymers; fullerenes; (hetero)arene-fused polymers; electrochemistry; spectroelectrochemistry; electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
Interests: electrochemical corrosion and protection; green corrosion inhibitor; energy storage materials; in situ elliptical polarization spectroscopy; supercapacitor; electro-deposition; electroplate
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue focuses on latest research and reviews summarize different aspects in design of conjugated polymers (CPs) affecting theirs conductivity properties and electric band structure. Over the past several decades, CPs have gained increasing attention owing to their strong potential as alternatives to inorganic counterparts, which led to expend of fundamental knowledge and introduction of many practical applications. The various approaches in the new structure design can be discussed includes bond-length alternation, resonance energy, planarity of the conjugated structure, substituents effects, π-conjugation length,  donor–acceptor structures, degree of crystallinity, intra- and inter-chain interactions etc. New structural approaches in design of CPs is also consideration a variable conductive mechanism – electronic, ion, redox. You are encouraged to present the methods of polymerization and electropolymerization and compare a variety of theoretical and experimental methods in order to better characterize the electronic structure and conducting properties of CPs: DFT; photoelectron spectroscopy techniques UPS, XPS; electrochemical methods (CV, DPV, EVS, microelectrochemical transistor method), electrochemical scanning tunneling spectroscopy (EC-STS); UV-Vis, electron spin resonance ESR spectroscopy etc. We are also waiting for reports on the implementation of CPs in key but also less common applications –  OPVs, NIR emission OLEDs, NIR detectors, biosensors, memory devices.

Dr. Malgorzata Czichy
Dr. Wenpo Li
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 2746 KiB  
Article
Synthesis and Characterization of Polymers Containing Ethynylene and Ethynylene-Thiophene Based Alternating Polymers Containing 2,1,3-Linked Naphthothiadiazole Units as Acceptor Linked with Fluorine as Donor: Electrochemical and Spectroscopic Studies
by Ahmed G. S. Al-Azzawi, Elham M. A. Dannoun, Shujahadeen B. Aziz, Ahmed Iraqi, Sameerah I. Al-Saeedi, Muaffaq M. Nofal and Ary R. Murad
Polymers 2022, 14(19), 4139; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14194139 - 03 Oct 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1368
Abstract
The effect of ethynylene or ethynylene–thiophene spacers on the band gap of alternating polymers, containing 4,9-naphthothiadiazole units as an acceptor and 2,7-linked fluorene repeat units as a donor, were investigated. The Sonogashira coupling reaction was employed to prepare the two novel copolymers, namely [...] Read more.
The effect of ethynylene or ethynylene–thiophene spacers on the band gap of alternating polymers, containing 4,9-naphthothiadiazole units as an acceptor and 2,7-linked fluorene repeat units as a donor, were investigated. The Sonogashira coupling reaction was employed to prepare the two novel copolymers, namely ((9,9-dioctyl-fluorene)-2,7-diethynylene-alt-4,9-2,1,3-naphthothiadiazole (PFDENT) and poly(5,5’-(9,9-dioctyl-fluorene-2,7-diyl)bis(ethynyl-2-thienyl)-alt-4,9-(2,1,3-naphthothiadiazole) (PFDTENT). The optical, electrochemical and thermal properties of the two obtained polymers were widely investigated and compared. Both resulting polymers showed low solubility in common organic solvents and moderate molecular weights. It is believed that the introduction of acetylene linkers rather than acetylene–thiophene spacers on the polymer chains reduces the steric hindrance between the donor and acceptor units which leads to the adoption of more planar structures of polymeric chains, resulting in decreased molecular weights of the resulting conjugated polymers. Thus, both ethynylene-based polymers and ethynylene–thiophene-based polymers showed red-shifted absorption maxima compared to their counterpart (thiophene-based polymer), owing to the adoption of more planar structures. Optical studies revealed that the new ethynylene and ethynylene–thiophene-based polymers displayed low band gaps compared to their thiophene analogue polymer PFDTNT. Both resulting polymers showed good thermal stability. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of both polymers revealed that PFDENT and PFDTENT possessed an amorphous nature in solid state. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical and Spectroscopic Properties of Conducting Polymers)
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Review

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42 pages, 4201 KiB  
Review
Overoxidation of Intrinsically Conducting Polymers
by Rudolf Holze
Polymers 2022, 14(8), 1584; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14081584 - 13 Apr 2022
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 3428
Abstract
Intrinsically conducting polymers may undergo significant changes of molecular structure and material properties when exposed to highly oxidizing conditions or very positive electrode potentials, commonly called overoxidation. The type and extent of the changes depend on the experimental conditions and chemical environment. They [...] Read more.
Intrinsically conducting polymers may undergo significant changes of molecular structure and material properties when exposed to highly oxidizing conditions or very positive electrode potentials, commonly called overoxidation. The type and extent of the changes depend on the experimental conditions and chemical environment. They may proceed already at much lower rates at lower electrode potentials because some of the processes associated with overoxidation are closely related to more or less reversible redox processes employed in electrochemical energy conversion and electrochromism. These changes may be welcome for some applications of these polymers in sensors, extraction, and surface functionalization, but in many cases, the change of properties affects the performance of the material negatively, contributing to material and device degradation. This report presents published examples, experimental observations, and their interpretations in terms of both structural and of material property changes. Options to limit and suppress overoxidation are presented, and useful applications are described extensively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electrochemical and Spectroscopic Properties of Conducting Polymers)
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