New Platform for Tuberculosis Treatment

A special issue of Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923). This special issue belongs to the section "Drug Targeting and Design".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2025 | Viewed by 989

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LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
Interests: sustainable chemistry; ionic liquids; drug delivery
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Departamento de Química, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2825-149 Caparica, Portugal
Interests: sustainable chemistry; ionic liquids; catalysis; material science; responsive materials; energy; pharmaceuticals
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Chemistry Institute, LACASO—Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941909, Brazil
Interests: organic synthesis; fluorinated molecules; medicinal chemistry; infectious diseases; homogeneous catalysis; nanostructured materials

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Chemistry Institute, LACASO—Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941909, Brazil
Interests: drug discovery; molecular docking; molecular dynamics simulation; medicinal chemistry; machine learning

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue, entitled “New Platform for Tuberculosis Therapy”, aims to explore and discuss the latest advancements in the development of novel drug delivery systems and formulations for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB). TB is a major global health problem, and the need for more effective and safer anti-TB drugs is urgent. Traditional treatment regimens are lengthy and associated with severe side effects, leading to poor patient compliance and the emergence of drug-resistant TB strains.

The main objective of this Special Issue is to provide a platform for researchers and scientists to share their findings and insights on the development of new drug delivery systems and formulations for anti-TB drugs. It will cover topics such as the design and development of novel drug carriers, the use of nanotechnology in drug delivery, and the enhancement of drug bioavailability and targeting.

Potential topics to be covered include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Development of novel and effective antimycobacterial agents;
  • Innovative drug delivery systems for TB treatment;
  • Emerging molecular targets for TB drug discovery;
  • Host-targeted therapies.

By collating the latest research and advancements in this field, this Special Issue aims to promote collaboration and foster innovation in the development of a new platform for tuberculosis therapy.

Dr. Željko Petrovski
Dr. Luis Cobra Branco
Dr. Raoni Schroeder Borges Gonçalves
Dr. Camilo Henrique da Silva Lima
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • tuberculosis
  • anti-TB drugs
  • drug delivery systems
  • nanotechnology
  • bioavailability
  • targeting

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 817 KiB  
Article
N-Acetylcysteine to Reduce Kidney and Liver Injury Associated with Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment
by Idu Meadows, Happiness Mvungi, Kassim Salim, Oscar Kaswaga, Peter Mbelele, Alphonce Liyoyo, Hadija Semvua, Athumani Ngoma, Scott K. Heysell and Stellah G. Mpagama
Pharmaceutics 2025, 17(4), 516; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics17040516 - 15 Apr 2025
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Abstract
Background: New drug classes and regimens have shortened the treatment duration for drug-resistant tuberculosis, but adverse events (AEs) and organ toxicity remain unacceptably common. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has demonstrated potential in reducing kidney and liver toxicity in other clinical settings, but efficacy in drug-resistant [...] Read more.
Background: New drug classes and regimens have shortened the treatment duration for drug-resistant tuberculosis, but adverse events (AEs) and organ toxicity remain unacceptably common. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has demonstrated potential in reducing kidney and liver toxicity in other clinical settings, but efficacy in drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment has not been rigorously evaluated. Method: A randomized controlled trial was conducted at Kibong’oto Infectious Diseases Hospital in Tanzania to assess the efficacy of NAC in reducing AEs in patients undergoing rifampin-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis treatment. Participants received an all-oral standardized rifampin-resistant regimen alone, with NAC 900 mg daily, or NAC 900 mg twice daily for 6 months. AEs, severe AEs, and renal and liver toxicity were monitored monthly and classified according to the Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, and End-stage kidney disease criteria and National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. Incident ratios and Kaplan–Meier curves were employed to compare group event occurrences. Results: A total of 66 patients (mean age 47 ± 12 years; 80% male) were randomized into three groups of 22. One hundred and fifty-eight AEs were recorded: 52 (33%) in the standard treatment group, 55 (35%) in the NAC 900 mg daily group, and 51 (32%) in the NAC 900 mg twice-daily group (p > 0.99). Severe AEs were observed in four patients in the standard group, two in the NAC 900 mg daily group, and three in the NAC 900 mg twice-daily group. Renal toxicity was more prevalent in the standard treatment group compared to those that received NAC (45% vs. 23%; p = 0.058), with a shorter onset of time to toxicity (χ2 = 3.199; p = 0.074). Liver injury events were rare across all groups. Conclusion: Among Tanzanian adults receiving rifampin-resistant tuberculosis treatment, NAC did not significantly reduce overall AEs but demonstrated important trends in reducing renal toxicity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Platform for Tuberculosis Treatment)
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