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Pathogens
Special Issues
Prevention of Soil-Borne Parasites
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Prevention of Soil-Borne Parasites

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Parasitic Pathogens".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 10029

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. María Sol Arias Vázquez

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Guest Editor
Department of Animal Pathology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002-Lugo, Spain
Interests: biological control; zoonoses; prevention; helminths
Dr. Cristiana Filipa Cazapal-Monteiro

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Guest Editor
Department of Animal Pathology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002-Lugo, Spain
Interests: vector-borne diseases; zoonoses
Prof. Dr. Rita Sánchez-Andrade Fernández

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Guest Editor
Department of Animal Pathology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002-Lugo, Spain
Interests: vector-borne diseases; zoonoses; prevention; sustainability
Dr. José Ángel Hernández Malagón

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Guest Editor
Department of Animal Pathology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002-Lugo, Spain
Interests: helminths, prevention, biological control, zoonoses, soil
Prof. Dr. Adolfo Paz Silva

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Guest Editor
Department of Animal Pathology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002-Lugo, Spain
Interests: helminths; soil; pathogens; prevention; zoonoses; biological control

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent decades, a significant increment in the prevalence of certain infections caused by parasites developing in the soil has been discovered. In a notable number, animals are involved in the transmission of diseases to humans. Although parasiticide treatment is regularly administered, this is not enough due to infective stages present in the ground ensuring that animals become infected again quickly. On the basis of the fact that some parasites can affect both animal species and humans (zoonotic agents), significant efforts are required to avoid infection among animals, because this approach would be very useful to reduce the occurrence and possibilities of transmission to humans.

The current issue is focused on providing sustainable and eco-friendly approaches to help to diminish the risk of certain parasitic infections occurring in the soil which can be shared between animals and humans. Despite most of the soil parasitic diseases involving protozoa and helminths, it should be taken into account that other species such as ticks or lice also develop in the ground. The main purpose is to provide practical solutions to the control of the parasitic stages occurring in the soil, helpful for preserving the effect of parasiticide drugs, which should only be administered when necessary (decrease in health).

Thus, we welcome and invite authors to submit any review articles or original research for publication that they feel may be relevant to this Special Issue.


Prof. Dr. María Sol Arias Vázquez
Dr. Cristiana Filipa Cazapal-Monteiro
Prof. Dr. Rita Sánchez-Andrade Fernández
Dr. José Ángel Hernández Malagón
Prof. Dr. Adolfo Paz-Silva
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pathogens is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Ground
  • Parasites
  • Prevent
  • Parasiticide drugs
  • Transmission zoonoses
  • Soil-Borne Parasites

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 1010 KiB  
Article
Control of Strongyles in First-Season Grazing Ewe Lambs by Integrating Deworming and Thrice-Weekly Administration of Parasiticidal Fungal Spores
by Mathilde Voinot, Rodrigo Bonilla, Sérgio Sousa, Jaime Sanchís, Miguel Canhão-Dias, José Romero Delgado, João Lozano, Rita Sánchez-Andrade, María Sol Arias and Luís Madeira de Carvalho
Pathogens 2021, 10(10), 1338; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10101338 - 17 Oct 2021
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3033
Abstract
Parasiticidal fungi have been used in several in vivo experiments in livestock farms worldwide, constituting an effective tool for the biocontrol of gastrointestinal parasites in grazing animals. In the first year of study, two groups of eight first-season pasturing ewe lambs infected by [...] Read more.
Parasiticidal fungi have been used in several in vivo experiments in livestock farms worldwide, constituting an effective tool for the biocontrol of gastrointestinal parasites in grazing animals. In the first year of study, two groups of eight first-season pasturing ewe lambs infected by strongyles were dewormed with albendazole, and then, the test group received an oral dose of 106 chlamydospores of Mucor circinelloides and 106 Duddingtonia flagrans individually and thrice a week from mid-September to May (FS1), while the control group remained without fungi (CT1). In the second year, two new groups of first-season grazing ewe lambs were treated with ivermectin and subjected to the same experimental design (FS2 and CT2, respectively). The anthelmintic efficacy was 96.6% (CT1), 95.6% (FS1), 96.1% (CT2), and 95.1% (FS2). The counts of strongyle egg output increased in the control groups (CT1 and CT2) throughout the study and reached numbers higher than 600 eggs per gram of feces (EPG), while in FS1 and FS2, they were <250 EPG. The values of red blood cell parameters registered for CT1 and CT2 were lower than those of the reference standards, while a significant increment was recorded in FS1 and FS2, and values within the physiological range were attained. It is concluded that integrating efficient anthelminthic deworming with rotational pasturing and the regular intake of chlamydospores of M. circinelloides and D. flagrans provides a helpful strategy for maintaining low levels of strongyle egg output in first-season grazing ewe lambs and improves their health status. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention of Soil-Borne Parasites)
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9 pages, 824 KiB  
Article
Bioverm® in the Control of Nematodes in Beef Cattle Raised in the Central-West Region of Brazil
by Lucineide da Silva Santos Castelo Branco de Oliveira, Felipe Guerra Santos Dias, Andréia Lima Tomé Melo, Lorendane Millena de Carvalho, Edir Nepomuceno Silva and Jackson Victor de Araújo
Pathogens 2021, 10(5), 548; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10050548 - 1 May 2021
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 3017
Abstract
Cooperia, Haemonchus and Oesophagostomum are the genera of gastrointestinal parasitic nematodes most prevalent in cattle and constitute a serious problem in cattle breeding due to the impact they have on meat and milk production and the high costs of control measures. The [...] Read more.
Cooperia, Haemonchus and Oesophagostomum are the genera of gastrointestinal parasitic nematodes most prevalent in cattle and constitute a serious problem in cattle breeding due to the impact they have on meat and milk production and the high costs of control measures. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the efficiency of Bioverm® (Duddingtonia flagrans) in the control of gastrointestinal parasitism of young cattle raised in the field, in the Central-West region of Brazil. The experiment was conducted on a farm located in the municipality of Jangada, MT, where 18 cattle, Nelore and Aberdeen Angus breeds, aged six to ten months, were randomly divided into two groups (treated group and control group) and distributed in paddocks of Brachiaria decumbens, naturally infested by larvae of gastrointestinal nematodes. The animals in the treated group received 1g of Bioverm® for each 10 kg of body weight, administered daily with commercial feed, throughout a period of six months. In the control group, each animal received 1 g of rice bran for each 10 kg of body weight, without Bioverm®, added to the feed. Stool and pasture samples were collected every two weeks. The treated group showed a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in values of eggs per gram of feces (EPG) and a significant gain of body weight (p < 0.05) when compared to the control group. The fungal formulation Bioverm® was effective in pasture decontamination and consequently in reducing the occurrence of reinfection by nematodes. The animals treated with Bioverm® showed a lower parasitic load and greater weight gain. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention of Soil-Borne Parasites)
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14 pages, 2841 KiB  
Article
The Control of Zoonotic Soil-Transmitted Helminthoses Using Saprophytic Fungi
by Cándido Viña, María Isabel Silva, Antonio Miguel Palomero, Mathilde Voinot, María Vilá, José Ángel Hernández, Adolfo Paz-Silva, Rita Sánchez-Andrade, Cristiana Filipa Cazapal-Monteiro and María Sol Arias
Pathogens 2020, 9(12), 1071; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9121071 - 21 Dec 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3189
Abstract
Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) are parasites transmitted through contact with soil contaminated with their infective eggs/larvae. People are infected by exposure to human-specific species or animal species (zoonotic agents). Fecal samples containing eggs of Ascaris suum or Lemurostrongylus sp. were sprayed with spores of [...] Read more.
Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) are parasites transmitted through contact with soil contaminated with their infective eggs/larvae. People are infected by exposure to human-specific species or animal species (zoonotic agents). Fecal samples containing eggs of Ascaris suum or Lemurostrongylus sp. were sprayed with spores of the soil saprophytic filamentous fungi Clonostachys rosea (CR) and Trichoderma atrobrunneum (TA). The antagonistic effect was assessed by estimating the viability of eggs and their developmental rate. Compared to the controls (unexposed to fungi), the viability of the eggs of A. suum was halved in CR and decreased by two thirds in TA, while the viability of the eggs of Lemurostrongylus sp. was reduced by one quarter and one third in CR and TA treatments, respectively. The Soil Contamination Index (SCI), defined as the viable eggs that attained the infective stage, reached the highest percentages for A. suum in the controls after four weeks (66%), with 21% in CL and 11% in TA. For Lemurostrongylus sp., the values were 80%, 49%, and 41% for control, CR and TA treatments, respectively. We concluded that spreading spores of C. rosea or T. atrobrunneum directly onto the feces of animal species represents a sustainable approach under a One Health context to potentially reduce the risk of zoonotic STHs in humans. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention of Soil-Borne Parasites)
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