Zoonotic Cestodiasis: Echinococcosis and Taeniasis

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Parasitic Pathogens".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2024) | Viewed by 3957

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Parasitology and Parasite Research Center, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
Interests: helminths; Echinococcus spp.; molecular identification

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Guest Editor
1. Tanzania Wildlife Management Authority, Morogoro P.O. Box 2658, Tanzania
2. International Parasite Resource Bank, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
Interests: cestodes; sparganosis; Spirometra spp; wildlife parasites; epidemiology; biology

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Guest Editor
1. Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
2. International Parasite Resource Bank, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
Interests: Taenia asiatica; cestodes; trematodes; sparganosis; Spirometra spp.

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Echinococcosis and Taeniasis are zoonotic parasitic diseases of taeniid cestodes with detrimental impacts on humans and animals. Echinococcus granulosus, E. multilocularis, Taenia asiatica, T. solium, and T. saginata are potential cestodes that trigger the economic loss of a particular region. Several studies have gained insight into the origin, biology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathogenesis, diagnosis, therapy, and prevention of Echinococcosis and Taeniasis. However, the implementations and their chronicles are not fully understood.

As experts in this field, we invite you to share research results (research papers and reviews ) to our upcoming Special Issue which covers any of the topics related to the named Zoonotic Cestodiasis by considering (but not limited to) the topics below: 

A.   Diagnostic:
  1. Experimental immunotherapy and vaccination.
  2. Omic approaches on Echinococcosis and Taeniasis.
  3. Novel methods for diagnostic test evaluation and actual prevalence estimation.
  4. The role of Next Generation Sequencing on the identification of infection.
  5. New drugs and targets against cystic echinococcosis.
  6. Copro-ELISA.
  7. Treatment surgical and non-surgical. 
B.  Pathogenesis, Experimental studies, Drug trials, Identification and characterization of parasites, Prevention, and control:
  1. What we have done and what we are doing for Echinococcosis and Taeniasis.
  2. Reported rare locations cases.
  3. Molecular Epidemiology, Epidemiology, and public health.
  4. Prevalence: Human and hosts prevalence in the endemic area.
  5. Overview of the socioeconomic impact of Echinococcosis and Taeniasis in endemic countries.

Dr. Mohammed Mebarek Bia
Dr. Barakaeli Abdieli Ndossi
Prof. Dr. Keeseon S. Eom
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • cestodes
  • echinococcosis
  • echinococcus
  • spirometra
  • taenia
  • taeniasis
  • zoonosis

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 3287 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of the Local and Peripheral Immune Responses in Patients with Cystic Echinococcosis
by Linda Petrone, Saeid Najafi-Fard, Laura Falasca, Settimia Sbarra, Antonella Teggi, Emanuele Nicastri, Lucia Rosalba Grillo, Mirco Burocchi, Giuseppe Maria Ettorre, Alessandra Ludovisi, Daniele Colombo, Franca Del Nonno and Delia Goletti
Pathogens 2024, 13(6), 477; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13060477 - 4 Jun 2024
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Abstract
Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) cysts may persist for decades because of immune modulation mechanisms. Here, we characterize the cysts and the blood immune responses in patients with CE. Methods: We enrolled 61 patients with CE and 19 control subjects. We received tissue samples [...] Read more.
Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) cysts may persist for decades because of immune modulation mechanisms. Here, we characterize the cysts and the blood immune responses in patients with CE. Methods: We enrolled 61 patients with CE and 19 control subjects. We received tissue samples from seven patients with CE and a control subject requiring liver cystectomy. The immunohistochemistry evaluation of the immune cell subtypes and cytokines in the pericysts and surrounding liver and the antigen B (AgB)-specific response analysis of whole blood were performed. Results: In CE, the pericyst and the surrounding liver parenchyma showed aggregates of CD3+ T lymphocytes, mainly CD4+. B lymphocyte aggregates were present in the liver tissue. Monocytes/granulocytes were rarely observed. Th2 cytokine expression was scarce, whereas IFN-γ expression was present in the CE tissues. The control subject did not show an inflammatory infiltrate. The IL-4-specific response to AgB was increased in the patients with CE compared to the control, and this result was confirmed in a larger cohort (p = 0.003), whereas the IFN-γ-response was similar between the two groups (p = 0.5570). Conclusion: In patients with CE, CD4+ lymphocytes infiltrate the pericyst and the surrounding liver tissue with a low IL-4/IL-13 expression level and a moderate IFN-γ expression level; moreover, an IL-4 parasite-specific response is detected in the periphery. These results support adventitia involvement in CE immunopathogenesis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Zoonotic Cestodiasis: Echinococcosis and Taeniasis)
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14 pages, 1252 KiB  
Article
Molecular Epidemiology of Cystic Echinococcosis in Rural Baluchistan, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study
by Ihsan Ullah, Sadia Sattar, Ijaz Ali, Arshad Farid, Amin Ullah, Refaat A. Eid, Mohamed Samir A. Zaki, Muhammad Alaa Eldeen, Iftikhar Ahmed and Irfan Ullah
Pathogens 2023, 12(1), 40; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12010040 - 26 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2170
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE), or hydatid cyst disease (HCD), is a zoonosis of significant importance caused by the cestode of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s. l.) that affects mainly nomadic populations and has substantial economic consequences. Due to the 76% rural and nomadic population, [...] Read more.
Cystic echinococcosis (CE), or hydatid cyst disease (HCD), is a zoonosis of significant importance caused by the cestode of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s. l.) that affects mainly nomadic populations and has substantial economic consequences. Due to the 76% rural and nomadic population, Baluchistan is a highly endemic region in Pakistan for CE; however, it has not yet been investigated for CE. For this purpose, this study was carried out to investigate the molecular epidemiology of CE in this region. In total, 23 human hydatid cyst samples were collected from tertiary health care units in Baluchistan and processed for DNA extraction, which was then followed by sequencing of the cox1 mitochondrial gene of all 23 collected samples, genotyping, and phylogenetic and haplotype analysis. Most subjects were livestock owners (39.13%) in rural settings (73.91%). Most patients (73.19%) were pet owners (dogs) and used water from open sources for drinking. The liver was the most affected organ (52.17%), followed by the lungs (17.39%). Sequence analysis based on the cox1 gene revealed that EG genotype 1 (G1) was the most prevalent (56.52%), followed by G3 (34.78%), while some samples (8.7%) were identified as the Echinococcus canadensis (G6/7) genotype. A total of five haplotypes were detected with high haplotype diversity (0.80) and low nucleotide diversity (0.033). Phylogenetic analysis revealed two diverse sub-clades, each of G1 and G3 isolates from Baluchistan, that were evolutionarily related to previously reported G1 and G3 isolates from Pakistan and China. On the other hand, the G6/7 isolates of this study were evolutionarily identical to the already reported G6/7 isolates from Pakistan, Turkey, and Kazakhstan. This study concludes that diverse G1 and G3 EG isolates are present in this part of Pakistan, while the G6/G7 genotype was reported for the first time from Baluchistan. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Zoonotic Cestodiasis: Echinococcosis and Taeniasis)
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