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The Epidemiology, Control, and Global Impact of African Swine Fever...
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The Epidemiology, Control, and Global Impact of African Swine Fever and Other Transboundary Swine Diseases

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Viral Pathogens".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2026 | Viewed by 479

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Mary-Louise Penrith

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Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
Interests: African swine fever; epidemiology; management; resource-constrained pig farming
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Juanita Van Emmenes

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Agricultural Research Council, Transboundary Animal Disease, Pretoria, South Africa
2. Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
Interests: African swine fever; epidemiology; DNA; sequencing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Pam Dachung Luka

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Biotechnology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Jos, Nigeria
Interests: African swine fever virology; diagnostics; biotechnology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

African swine fever (ASF), the most concerning transboundary swine disease, has had widespread prevalence from the Caribbean to the Asia–Pacific region since its initial introduction in Europe in 2007 and China in 2018. Posing a serious threat to pig production at all levels worldwide, justifiably, it is the swine disease that receives the most attention from researchers. Understanding its epidemiology in different contexts and designing control measures that can feasibly be applied at a small, resource-limited scale, traditional and subsistence pig-keeping remain challenging; it is also necessary to assess its impact on trade, livelihoods and food security. Relevant vaccines are gradually becoming available, but strategies for optimizing their use, even among traditional free-roaming pigs and susceptible wild pigs, are sorely needed.

ASF is the main focus of this Special Issue; however, contributions related to classical swine fever, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome and coronaviral diseases of swine such as porcine epidemic diarrhea and transmissible gastroenteritis, as well as other emerging diseases, will also be considered.

Prof. Dr. Mary-Louise Penrith
Dr. Juanita Van Emmenes
Dr. Pam Dachung Luka
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pathogens is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • African swine fever
  • classical swine fever
  • PRRS
  • porcine coronaviruses
  • management

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 10062 KiB  
Article
A Practical Framework for ASFV Disinfectant Evaluation: Differentiating Cytopathic Effects from Cytotoxicity via Integrated Analytical Methods
by Sok Song, Kyu-Sik Shin, Su-Jeong Kim, Yong Yi Joo, Bokhee Han, So-Hee Park, Hyun-Ok Ku, Wooseog Jeong and Choi-Kyu Park
Pathogens 2025, 14(5), 451; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14050451 - 4 May 2025
Viewed by 360
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a highly virulent DNA virus that has spread globally since its introduction into Georgia in 2007, causing substantial economic losses in the swine industry. In the absence of an effective vaccine, chemical disinfection remains a key strategy [...] Read more.
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a highly virulent DNA virus that has spread globally since its introduction into Georgia in 2007, causing substantial economic losses in the swine industry. In the absence of an effective vaccine, chemical disinfection remains a key strategy for disease control. However, in cell-based disinfectant efficacy testing, distinguishing between disinfectant-induced cytotoxicity and virus-induced cytopathic effects (CPEs) remains a major challenge, leading to the potential misinterpretation of results. To address this, we developed a multi-step analytical framework to differentiate CPEs from cytotoxicity using a Vero cell-adapted ASFV strain. Virkon® S was tested at three dilutions—375×, 275× (manufacturer-recommended), and 175×—and evaluated through CPE observation, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays, and antigen detection via lateral flow immunoassay (p30) and immunofluorescence (p54). Notably, the 375× dilution achieved effective viral inactivation with significantly lower cytotoxicity, demonstrating that this framework can facilitate a more refined determination of disinfectant working dilutions. Furthermore, increased p30 signals after disinfection and the observation of lower cytotoxicity in virus-plus-disinfectant groups compared to disinfectant-only groups highlight the complexity of virus-disinfectant interactions and the potential for misinterpretation. This study provides a standardized and interpretable strategy for assessing ASFV disinfectant efficacy and offers a practical basis for evaluating other enveloped viruses in future disinfection studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Epidemiology, Control, and Global Impact of African Swine Fever and Other Transboundary Swine Diseases)
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