Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is becoming clear that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are not simply bioproducts obtained by random transcriptional activity, but play an essential role in health and disease. In contrast to messenger RNAs (mRNAs), ncRNAs are characterized by the absence of a productive open reading frame; therefore, it is the RNA itself that regulates gene expression at either transcriptional or post-transcriptional levels. Growing experimental evidence shows that various classes of ncRNAs play an important role in epithelial cancer initiation and progression, acting either as tumor suppressors or oncogenes. Aberrant expression of ncRNAs has been linked to all stages of cancer development, from its initiation to tumorigenesis and cancer proliferation as well as invasion and metastasis. Furthermore, it has been shown that these molecules have the potential to be therapeutically targeted and have both prognostic and diagnostic potential. For this Special Issue of Non-Coding RNAs, we cordially invite experts in the field of non-coding RNA and cancer to provide their current vision of the role of ncRNA molecules in epithelial cancer and their possible use as cancer biomarkers.

Dr. Leandro Castellano
Guest Editor

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Keywords

non-coding RNAs
lncRNAs
microRNAs
biomarker
cancer
tumorigenesis
epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)
invasion
metastasis

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

Open AccessReview

FLVCR1-AS1 and FBXL19-AS1: Two Putative lncRNA Candidates in Multiple Human Cancers

Mohsen Sheykhhasan

Hamid Tanzadehpanah

Amirhossein Ahmadieh Yazdi

Hanie Mahaki

Reihaneh Seyedebrahimi

and

Non-Coding RNA 2023, 9(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/ncrna9010001 - 22 Dec 2022

Viewed by 1459

Abstract

(1) Background: Mounting evidence supports the idea that one of the most critical agents in controlling gene expression could be long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Upregulation of lncRNA is observed in the different processes related to pathologies, such as tumor occurrence and development. Among the crescent number of lncRNAs discovered, FLVCR1-AS1 and FBXL19-AS1 have been identified as oncogenes in many cancer progression and prognosis types, including cholangiocarcinoma, gastric cancer, glioma and glioblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and osteosarcoma. Therefore, abnormal FBXL19-AS1 and FLVCR1-AS1 expression affect a variety of cellular activities, including metastasis, aggressiveness, and proliferation; (2) Methods: This study was searched via PubMed and Google Scholar databases until May 2022; (3) Results: FLVCR1-AS1 and FBXL19-AS1 participate in tumorigenesis and have an active role in impacting several signaling pathways that regulate cell proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, and EMT; (4) Conclusions: Our review focuses on the possible molecular mechanisms in a variety of cancers regulated by FLVCR1-AS1 and FBXL19-AS1. It is not surprising that there has been significant interest in the possibility that these lncRNAs might be used as biomarkers for diagnosis or as a target to improve a broader range of cancers in the future. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Importance of Non-coding RNAs in Epithelial Cancers)

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Open AccessReview

Polymeric Carriers for Delivery of RNA Cancer Therapeutics

and

Non-Coding RNA 2022, 8(4), 58; https://doi.org/10.3390/ncrna8040058 - 02 Aug 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1791

Abstract

As research uncovers the underpinnings of cancer biology, new targeted therapies have been developed. Many of these therapies are small molecules, such as kinase inhibitors, that target specific proteins; however, only 1% of the genome encodes for proteins and only a subset of these proteins has ‘druggable’ active binding sites. In recent decades, RNA therapeutics have gained popularity due to their ability to affect targets that small molecules cannot. Additionally, they can be manufactured more rapidly and cost-effectively than small molecules or recombinant proteins. RNA therapeutics can be synthesised chemically and altered quickly, which can enable a more personalised approach to cancer treatment. Even though a wide range of RNA therapeutics are being developed for various indications in the oncology setting, none has reached the clinic to date. One of the main reasons for this is attributed to the lack of safe and effective delivery systems for this type of therapeutic. This review focuses on current strategies to overcome these challenges and enable the clinical utility of these novel therapeutic agents in the cancer clinic. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Importance of Non-coding RNAs in Epithelial Cancers)

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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: To be determined
Authors: Leandro Castellano
Affiliation: School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, JMS Building, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK

Title: To be determined
Authors: Jonathan Krell
Affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Cancer Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom

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