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Nanomaterials
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Advanced Nanocomposites for Sensing Applications
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Advanced Nanocomposites for Sensing Applications

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanoelectronics, Nanosensors and Devices".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2024 | Viewed by 6020

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yao Yao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Communication Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
Interests: nanomaterials for physical and chemical sensor; piezoelectric devices; MEMS sensor; acoustic sensor
Prof. Dr. Xianhe Huang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
Interests: nanomaterials for piezoelectric devices; acoustic device

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the last two decades, advanced nanocomposites, which are multiphase materials containing two or more distinctly dissimilar components mixed at the nanometric scale, have shown great prospects in various sensing applications, including physical and biochemical sensing. Nanocomposites surprisingly show unique and sometimes enhanced properties (e.g., mechanical, thermal, electrical, optical, etc.) which are not possessed by raw materials. Importantly, these superior properties of advanced nanocomposites can be tuned by varying the components of raw materials and adjusting the synthesis process. Furthermore, the emergence of new nanomaterials with outstanding physical and chemical properties (e.g., carbon nanotube, graphene, black phosphorus, MXene, etc.) has opened up a broader road for the sensing application of advanced nanocomposites.

This Special Issue focuses on the development of advanced nanocomposites for various sensing applications, including (but not limited to) physical sensors (e.g., strain, optical, acceleration, magnetic, etc.) and chemical sensors (e.g., gas, humidity, chemical ion, etc.). Both original research articles and comprehensive review articles are welcome.

Dr. Yao Yao
Prof. Dr. Xianhe Huang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • advanced nanocomposites
  • physical sensor
  • chemical sensor
  • sensitive mechanism of nanocomposites
  • sensitive electronics

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 1944 KiB  
Communication
Cytosine-Rich Oligonucleotide and Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite for Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Ag+ Sensing
by Nasir Abbas, Seung Joo Jang and Tae Hyun Kim
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(9), 775; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14090775 - 29 Apr 2024
Viewed by 373
Abstract
Silver ions (Ag+) are crucial in various fields, but pose environmental and health risks at high concentrations. This study presents a straightforward approach for the ultra-trace detection of Ag+, utilizing a composite of a cytosine-rich oligonucleotide (CRO) and an [...] Read more.
Silver ions (Ag+) are crucial in various fields, but pose environmental and health risks at high concentrations. This study presents a straightforward approach for the ultra-trace detection of Ag+, utilizing a composite of a cytosine-rich oligonucleotide (CRO) and an electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO). Initially, ERGO was synthesized on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) through the reduction of graphene oxide (GO) via cyclic voltammetry. A methylene blue-tagged CRO (MB-CRO) was then anchored to the ERGO surface through π–π interactions, resulting in the formation of an MB-CRO-modified ERGO electrode (MB-CRO/ERGO-GCE). The interaction with Ag+ ions induced the formation of silver-mediated C-Ag+-C coordination, prompting the MB-CRO to adopt a hairpin structure. This conformational change led to the desorption of the MB-CRO from the ERGO-GCE, causing a variation in the redox current of the methylene blue associated with the MB-CRO. Electrochemical assays revealed that the sensor exhibits extraordinary sensitivity to Ag+ ions, with a linear detection range from 1 femtomolar (fM) to 100 nanomolars (nM) and a detection limit of 0.83 fM. Moreover, the sensor demonstrated high selectivity for Ag+ ions and several other benefits, including stability, reproducibility, and straightforward fabrication and operational procedures. Additionally, real sample analyses were performed using the modified electrode to detect Ag+ in tap and pond water samples, yielding satisfactory recovery rates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanocomposites for Sensing Applications)
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16 pages, 5657 KiB  
Article
Luminescent/Temperature-Sensing Properties of Multifunctional Rare-Earth Upconversion Kevlar Nanofiber Composite under 1550 nm
by Juan Li, Shengang Xu, Yingliang Liu and Shaokui Cao
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(9), 740; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14090740 - 24 Apr 2024
Viewed by 436
Abstract
The unique properties of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are responsible for their diverse applications in photonic materials, medicine, analytics, and energy conversion. In this study, water-soluble rare-earth upconversion nanomaterials emitting green, yellow, and red light under 1550 nm excitation were synthesized. These nanomaterials were [...] Read more.
The unique properties of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are responsible for their diverse applications in photonic materials, medicine, analytics, and energy conversion. In this study, water-soluble rare-earth upconversion nanomaterials emitting green, yellow, and red light under 1550 nm excitation were synthesized. These nanomaterials were then integrated into water-soluble Kevlar nanofibers (KNFs) to fabricate ultra-thin composite films exhibiting favorable mechanical characteristics. The characterization of the products, along with their luminescent, mechanical, and temperature-sensing properties, was examined. The results indicate that the composite material exhibited varying colors based on the doped nanoparticles when subjected to 1550 nm excitation. The composite showed highly sensitive temperature-sensing properties, excellent luminescent characteristics, and superior mechanical strength. This study suggests that KNFs are effective carriers of UCNPs. This study offers a reference for the utilization of rare-earth upconversion in anti-counterfeiting displays, wearable health monitoring, and remote temperature sensing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanocomposites for Sensing Applications)
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14 pages, 4171 KiB  
Article
Nanochitin/MXene Composite Coated on Quartz Crystal Microbalance for Humidity Sensing
by Yanqi Li, Xianhe Huang, Qiao Chen, Yao Yao and Wei Pan
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(24), 3135; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13243135 - 14 Dec 2023
Viewed by 717
Abstract
MXenes, as a typical graphene-like material, excels in the realm of humidity sensing owing to its two-dimensional layer structure, high electrical conductivity, tunable chemical properties, hydrophilicity, and large specific surface area. This study proposed a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) humidity sensor using a [...] Read more.
MXenes, as a typical graphene-like material, excels in the realm of humidity sensing owing to its two-dimensional layer structure, high electrical conductivity, tunable chemical properties, hydrophilicity, and large specific surface area. This study proposed a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) humidity sensor using a nanochitin/Ti3C2Tx MXene composite as a humidity-sensing material. The morphology, nanostructure, and elemental composition of nanochitin, Ti3C2Tx MXene, and nanochitin/Ti3C2Tx MXene composite materials were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Compared to the pure Ti3C2Tx MXene-coated QCM humidity sensor, the nanochitin/Ti3C2Tx MXene-coated QCM humidity sensor exhibited a higher sensitivity (20.54 Hz/%RH) in the humidity range of 11.3% to 97.3%. The nanochitin/Ti3C2Tx Mxene-coated QCM humidity sensor also demonstrated low humidity hysteresis (2.12%RH), very fast response/recovery times (4.4/4.1 s), a high quality factor (37 k), and excellent repeatability and sustained stability over time. Eventually, a bimodal exponential kinetics adsorption model was utilized for the analysis of the response mechanism of the nanochitin/Ti3C2Tx MXene composite material-based QCM humidity sensor. This study provides new ideas for optimizing the moisture-sensitive performance of MXene-based QCM humidity sensors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanocomposites for Sensing Applications)
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14 pages, 13828 KiB  
Article
Printable and Flexible Humidity Sensor Based on Graphene -Oxide-Supported MoTe2 Nanosheets for Multifunctional Applications
by Lei Ni, Xiaoyu Li, Fangkai Cai, Zhicheng Dong, Yuhong Deng, Tao Jiang, Zhengyang Su, Hao Chang, Zhongwen Zhang and Yang Luo
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(8), 1309; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13081309 - 07 Apr 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1403
Abstract
This study focuses on a novel humidity sensor composed of graphene-oxide (GO)-supported MoTe2 nanosheets. Conductive Ag electrodes were formed on PET substrates by inkjet printing. A thin film of GO-MoTe2 was deposited on the Ag electrode used for adsorbing humidity. The [...] Read more.
This study focuses on a novel humidity sensor composed of graphene-oxide (GO)-supported MoTe2 nanosheets. Conductive Ag electrodes were formed on PET substrates by inkjet printing. A thin film of GO-MoTe2 was deposited on the Ag electrode used for adsorbing humidity. The experiment’s results demonstrate that MoTe2 are attached to GO nanosheets uniformly and tightly. The capacitive output of the sensors with various ratios of GO/MoTe2 has been tested for different levels of humidity (11.3–97.3%RH) at room temperature (25 °C). As a consequence, the obtained hybrid film exhibits superior sensitivity (94.12 pF/%RH). The structural integrity and interaction of different components were discussed to afford the prominent humidity sensitivity performance. Under the bending condition, the output curve of the sensor has no obvious fluctuation. This work provides a low-cost way to build flexible humidity sensors with high-performance in environmental monitoring and healthcare. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanocomposites for Sensing Applications)
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15 pages, 3871 KiB  
Article
Impedance Analysis of Chitin Nanofibers Integrated Bulk Acoustic Wave Humidity Sensor with Asymmetric Electrode Configuration
by Qiao Chen, Dong Liu, Xian-He Huang, Yao Yao and Kun-Lei Mao
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(17), 3035; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12173035 - 01 Sep 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1344
Abstract
This paper fabricated a high-performance chitin nanofibers (ChNFs)-integrated bulk acoustic wave (BAW) humidity sensor with an asymmetric electrode configuration. The ChNFs were successfully prepared from crab shells and used as moisture-sensitive materials to compare the performance of quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) humidity sensors [...] Read more.
This paper fabricated a high-performance chitin nanofibers (ChNFs)-integrated bulk acoustic wave (BAW) humidity sensor with an asymmetric electrode configuration. The ChNFs were successfully prepared from crab shells and used as moisture-sensitive materials to compare the performance of quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) humidity sensors with symmetric and asymmetric electrode structures. The QCM humidity sensor with a smaller electrode area exhibited high sensitivity of 58.84 Hz/%RH, competitive response/recovery time of 30/3.5 s, and low humidity hysteresis of 2.5% RH. However, it is necessary to choose a suitable electrode diameter to balance the stability and sensitivity because the impedance analysis result showed that the reduction of the electrode diameter leads to a sharp decrease in the Q value (stability). Next, the possible humidity-sensitive mechanism of the ChNFs-integrated asymmetric n-m electrode QCM humidity sensor was discussed in detail. Finally, the reasons for the highest sensitivity of the asymmetric n-m electrode QCM humidity sensors having a smaller electrode diameter were analyzed in detail in terms of both mass sensitivity and fringing field effect. This work not only demonstrates that the chitin nanofiber is an excellent potential material for moisture detection, but also provides a new perspective for designing high-performance QCM humidity sensors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanocomposites for Sensing Applications)
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8 pages, 688 KiB  
Article
Damage Location Monitoring of Graphene/Conducting Polymer Composites Film Based on Self-Sensing
by Huihui Guo, Yuhang Li, Tingting Liu and Zuquan Wu
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(16), 2823; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12162823 - 17 Aug 2022
Viewed by 1084
Abstract
Conductive graphene polymer composites are considered promising functional materials in gas detection, strain detection, metal corrosion prevention, and electromagnetic wave absorption, owing to their good flexibility, lightweight, and adjustable conductivity. The internal defects or external damages of composite films will seriously affect the [...] Read more.
Conductive graphene polymer composites are considered promising functional materials in gas detection, strain detection, metal corrosion prevention, and electromagnetic wave absorption, owing to their good flexibility, lightweight, and adjustable conductivity. The internal defects or external damages of composite films will seriously affect the electrical and functional properties of the materials. Based on the conductive network inside the conductive polymer film and the self-inductance to ultrasonic wave, the defect self-monitoring system of the conductive polymer film is designed and optimized in this work. The self-damage detection system is composed of an electrode array, excitation source, resistance signal acquisition and processing circuit, and damage display. Aiming at different scenarios, the improved interdigital structure transducer for sensors and damage detection device for coating film with a large area are presented and optimized respectively. Meanwhile, the damage location algorithm based on time difference measurement and kernel density estimation algorithm is also optimized. The multiple damage detection is realized by a device with a 4 × 8 electrode array, and the relative error of damage area with 1 mm × 1 mm is less than 5%, and the lower detection limits of damage size are 0.3 mm × 0.3 mm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanocomposites for Sensing Applications)
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