molecules-logo

Journal Browser

Journal Browser

Computational Analysis of Protein and Nucleic Acid Structures, Interactions, and Functions

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Computational and Theoretical Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2026 | Viewed by 1318

Special Issue Editors

Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
Interests: theoretical and computational method development; molecular dynamics simulations; machine learning; protein-nucleic acids complexes; enzymatic reactions; drug design
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Interests: computer aided drug design; molecular dynamics simulations of biological molecules; ion channel; membrane biophysics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue presents cutting-edge computational approaches for analyzing protein and nucleic acid structures, as well as their dynamic interactions and functional implications. Recent breakthroughs in artificial intelligence and high-performance computing have led to transformative advances in biomolecular modeling and prediction. This collection of studies features pioneering integrations of AI and molecular dynamics, including neural network-enhanced force fields for accelerated conformational sampling and hybrid architectures that combine deep learning predictions with physics-based simulations. Highlighted innovations include 3D structure determination (cryo-EM and AI-based folding), molecular dynamics simulations of conformational changes in challenging biomolecules, and network-based analysis of biological macromolecule interactions. Emphasis is placed on integrative methods that combine structural biology data with multi-omics datasets to reveal mechanistic insights into cellular processes. Emerging applications in drug design (targeting proteinnucleic acid interfaces) and synthetic biology demonstrate these technologies' translational potential. Key themes include (1) next-generation prediction tools (AlphaFold3 and RoseTTA-NA), (2) AI-optimized analysis of binding thermodynamics/kinetics, (3) multi-scale modeling from the atomic level to cellular level, and (4) high-throughput screening of functional variants. These works collectively showcase computational biology's capacity to reveal biomolecular mechanisms—from allosteric regulation to small-molecule and/or nucleic acid therapeutics—while providing both methodological benchmarks and future roadmaps for computational biophysics and biomedical research.

Dr. Wenjin Li
Dr. Ruoxu Gu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • machine learning
  • molecular dynamics simulations
  • multi-scale modeling
  • protein–nucleic acid interactions
  • protein and/or nucleic acid structure prediction
  • binding thermodynamics/kinetic
  • AI-assisted drug design
  • functional prediction
  • network-based functional analysis
  • multi-omics integration

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • Reprint: MDPI Books provides the opportunity to republish successful Special Issues in book format, both online and in print.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

Order results
Result details
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

15 pages, 10189 KB  
Article
Structural Insights into the Impact of the M142I Mutation in Monkeypox Virus G9 Protein on Subcomplex Formation Revealed by AlphaFold 3 Modeling
by Xudong She, Yuan Liang, Linqing Wang, Yifan Lin, Xuenan Zhang, Li Zhu, Qinghua Wu, Weiwei Xiao, Chengsong Wan, Kexin Xi, Wei Zhao, Chenguang Shen, Bao Zhang and Jianhai Yu
Molecules 2026, 31(9), 1466; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31091466 - 28 Apr 2026
Viewed by 103
Abstract
The membrane fusion process, mediated by the entry fusion complex (EFC) of the monkeypox virus (MPXV), is crucial for host cell invasion. Apolipoprotein B mRNA Editing Catalytic Polypeptide-like 3 (APOBEC3)-driven mutation bias is a key factor in MPXV’s adaptive evolution during its global [...] Read more.
The membrane fusion process, mediated by the entry fusion complex (EFC) of the monkeypox virus (MPXV), is crucial for host cell invasion. Apolipoprotein B mRNA Editing Catalytic Polypeptide-like 3 (APOBEC3)-driven mutation bias is a key factor in MPXV’s adaptive evolution during its global spread. However, how these mutations affect the structure and function of EFC proteins remains poorly understood. To address this, we performed genomic mutation analysis on globally circulating MPXV clades Ib and IIb, combined with protein monomer, binary, and quaternary complex structure modeling based on AlphaFold 3 and experimental validation by ELISA. We first delineated the mutational spectra of all 11 EFC proteins, revealing that although EFC proteins in clade Ib are highly conserved, lineage IIb B exhibits extensive APOBEC3-driven mutations and the G9 M142I mutation is identified as a lineage-associated APOBEC3-type mutation of lineage IIb B. Structural predictions revealed that while the M142I mutation does not alter G9 monomer folding, it induces a conformational shift in the G9/A16 subcomplex. Furthermore, within the predicted G9/A16/A56/K2 quaternary complex, this mutation enlarges the interfacial gap and reduces docking stability between the G9/A16 subcomplex and A56/K2. Experimental validation demonstrated that the M142I mutation significantly reduces the binding affinity of G9 for A16 and impairs the recruitment of A56/K2 to the quaternary complex, confirming the computationally predicted mechanism of interface destabilization. These findings highlight a dynamic interplay between APOBEC3-driven evolution and EFC protein structure, demonstrating that the M142I mutation alters EFC complex assembly dynamics and may shift the regulatory balance of the membrane fusion system. These structural changes provide molecular insights into MPXV lineage differentiation, though direct functional assays are required to determine the net effect on viral entry efficiency. Full article
22 pages, 4456 KB  
Article
Allosteric Conformational Locking of Sestrin2 by Leucine: An Integrated Computational Analysis of Branched-Chain Amino Acid Recognition and Specificity
by Muhammad Ammar Zahid, Abbas Khan, Mona A. Sawali, Osama Aboubakr Mohamed, Ahmed Mohammad Gharaibeh and Abdelali Agouni
Molecules 2025, 30(24), 4791; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30244791 - 16 Dec 2025
Viewed by 714
Abstract
Sestrin2 (SESN2) is a highly conserved stress-inducible protein that serves as a central hub for integrating cellular responses to nutrient availability, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. A key function of SESN2 is its role as a direct sensor for the branched-chain [...] Read more.
Sestrin2 (SESN2) is a highly conserved stress-inducible protein that serves as a central hub for integrating cellular responses to nutrient availability, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. A key function of SESN2 is its role as a direct sensor for the branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) leucine, which modulates the activity of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), a master regulator of cell growth and metabolism. While the functional link between leucine and SESN2 is well-established, the precise molecular determinants that confer its high specificity for leucine over other BCAAs, such as isoleucine and valine, remain poorly understood. This study employs an integrated computational approach, spanning atomic interactions to global protein dynamics, combining molecular docking, extensive all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and binding free energy calculations, to elucidate the structural and dynamic basis of BCAA-SESN2 recognition. Our thermodynamic analysis reveals a distinct binding affinity hierarchy (Leucine > Isoleucine > Valine), which is primarily driven by superior van der Waals interactions and the shape complementarity of leucine’s isobutyl side chain within the protein’s hydrophobic pocket. Critically, a quantitative analysis of the conformational ensemble reveals that leucine induces a dramatic collapse of the protein’s structural heterogeneity. This “conformational locking” mechanism funnels the flexible, high-entropy unbound protein—which samples 35 distinct conformations—into a sharply restricted ensemble of just 9 stable states. This four-fold reduction in conformational freedom is accompanied by a kinetic trapping effect, which significantly lowers the rate of transitions between states. This process of conformational selection stabilizes a well-defined, signaling-competent structure, providing a comprehensive, atom-to-global-scale model of SESN2’s function. In the context of these findings, this work provides a critical framework for understanding SESN2’s complex role in disease and offers a clear rationale for the design of next-generation allosteric therapeutics. Full article
Show Figures

Graphical abstract

Back to TopTop