Unveiling the Depths: Advances in Kimberlite Research as Windows into Earth’s Evolution and Resource Potential

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Mineral Geochemistry and Geochronology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2025 | Viewed by 740

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Earth Sciences, Brock University, Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
2. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
Interests: geochronology; early earth processes; meteorites; alkaline/ultrapotassic magmatism; Precambrian ores; critical minerals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Kimberlites and related rocks provide unparalleled access to the Earth’s deep interior, serving as natural archives and offering a window into mantle processes, crustal evolution, and the genesis of strategic mineral resources through geological time. These magmas host most of the world’s diamond deposits and act as pathways for rare and critical elements that are essential for modern technological advancements. The study of kimberlites integrates scientific inquiry with economic significance, making this field pivotal for Earth sciences and resource exploration.

This Special Issue invites groundbreaking contributions that unravel the complexities of kimberlites and related rocks, emphasizing their geological, geochemical, and geophysical characteristics; their role in Earth's evolutionary history; and their potential to reveal new mineral deposits. Contributions will address diverse topics, including the genesis and evolution of kimberlites, innovations in micro-analytical and geochronological techniques, and spatial and temporal patterns of occurrence, from the Precambrian era to the present day. Further focus will be provided to advancements in classification, petrogenesis of associated resources, and environmental considerations, such as the repurposing of kimberlite tailings.

This Special Issue will include five core thematic sessions:

  1. Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Kimberlites;
  2. Advances in Analytical Techniques and Classification;
  3. Regional Kimberlite Studies: A Global Perspective;
  4. Kimberlites Age, Provenance, and Contributions to Deep-Earth Water Research;
  5. Economic and Environmental Implications of Kimberlites;

By bridging interdisciplinary fields—geology, petrology, geochemistry, geochronology, gemology, and more—this Special Issue aims to advance our understanding of mantle dynamics, lithosphere interactions, and mineral resource exploration. We invite geologists, mineralogists, and researchers across Earth sciences to contribute cutting-edge studies, innovative reviews, and case reports that illuminate the transformative role of kimberlites in shaping Earth’s history. From the depths of the mantle to the impact of kimberlites on surface processes, this collection aspires to inspire and advance scientific discovery and industrial applications.

Dr. Debora Rios
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • kimberlites
  • diamond mineralization
  • mineral resources
  • precambrian magmatism
  • earth evolution
  • space-temporal distribution

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 5817 KB  
Article
Dissolution of Diamond in Water–Chloride Fluids at Mantle P-T Conditions
by Alexander Khokhryakov, Alexey Kruk, Alexander Sokol and Denis Nechaev
Minerals 2025, 15(9), 897; https://doi.org/10.3390/min15090897 - 24 Aug 2025
Viewed by 337
Abstract
Syngenetic fluid inclusions in natural diamonds are indicators of the composition of fluids responsible for growth and crystallization conditions. The chloride concentration in saline fluid inclusions of natural diamonds reaches 50 wt%. We study the dissolution of diamonds in the H2O-KCl-NaCl [...] Read more.
Syngenetic fluid inclusions in natural diamonds are indicators of the composition of fluids responsible for growth and crystallization conditions. The chloride concentration in saline fluid inclusions of natural diamonds reaches 50 wt%. We study the dissolution of diamonds in the H2O-KCl-NaCl system at temperatures of 1200 °C and 1400 °C and a pressure of 5.5 GPa using a BARS high-pressure multi-anvil apparatus. Two scenarios of diamond dissolution were experimentally investigated: (i) metasomatism by saline brines at high oxygen fugacity of the magnetite–hematite buffer; (ii) interaction with reduced carbon-unsaturated water–chloride fluid at low fO2 imposed by the iron–wüstite buffer. It is found that the presence of alkaline chlorides in the aqueous fluid significantly accelerates diamond dissolution at high oxygen fugacity but inhibits the process under reduced conditions. The morphology of diamond dissolution features is controlled by the presence of water in the fluid over the entire range of the studied P-T-fO2 conditions. Experimental results indicate that the interaction with oxidizing highly saline fluids during metasomatic events could negatively affect diamond preservation in mantle rocks and eventually lead to the formation of uneconomic kimberlites. Under reducing conditions, water–chloride fluids favor diamond preservation. Full article
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