Gut Microbiota Development in Farm Animals 2.0

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 2180

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Unit of Nutritional Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
Interests: gut microbiota; maturation; gut physiology; gut health; diet–gut microbiota–host interactions; livestock animals
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is a continuation of our previous Special Issue “Gut Microbiota Development in Farm Animals”.

The newborn gastrointestinal tract is rapidly colonized by a complex microbial community whose profound and lifelong impact on host health and performance is becoming increasingly clear. Understanding the factors that shape the early community during the first weeks of life is critical to gain insight into how successional changes in the microbiome influence the development of gastrointestinal and metabolic functions. Any manipulation of the early gut microbiota development has life-long consequences for the host, affecting the performance and production efficiency of livestock animals. The type of diet, including mother’s diet, early in life is essential for the establishment of a stable commensal microbiota, directing the intricate cross-talk between microbes and pathobionts and the host. To date, different approaches have been used for early-life manipulation to increase beneficial gut bacterial populations with the goal to improve health and feed efficiency, including beneficial microbes, prebiotics, phytobiotics, and, of late, fecal microbiota transplants in pigs, poultry, and ruminants. Disturbance of the early-life development of the gut microbiota in farm animals, in turn, is achieved fairly easily and unavoidable as a collateral effect when common strategies to prevent bacterial diseases are applied on farms, such as early-life administration of antibiotics.

I invite you to submit original research papers to this Special Issue “Gut Microbiota Development in Farm Animals 2.0” that address the development and early-life manipulation of the gut microbiota, short- and long-term effects on microbial progression, gut microbiota–host interactions, and performance-related traits in monogastric and ruminant farm animals.

Prof. Dr. Barbara U. Metzler-Zebeli
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 1650 KiB  
Article
Influence of Age of Infection on the Gut Microbiota in Worker Honey Bees (Apis mellifera iberiensis) Experimentally Infected with Nosema ceranae
by Daniel Aguado-López, Almudena Urbieta Magro, Mariano Higes, Juan Miguel Rodríguez and Raquel Martín-Hernández
Microorganisms 2024, 12(4), 635; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12040635 - 22 Mar 2024
Viewed by 674
Abstract
The gut microbiota of honey bees has received increasing interest in the past decades due to its crucial role in their health, and can be disrupted by pathogen infection. Nosema ceranae is an intracellular parasite that affects the epithelial cells of the midgut, [...] Read more.
The gut microbiota of honey bees has received increasing interest in the past decades due to its crucial role in their health, and can be disrupted by pathogen infection. Nosema ceranae is an intracellular parasite that affects the epithelial cells of the midgut, altering gut homeostasis and representing a major threat to honey bees. Previous studies indicated that younger worker bees are more susceptible to experimental infection by this parasite, although the impact of infection and of age on the gut bacterial communities remains unclear. To address this, honey bees were experimentally infected with a consistent number of N. ceranae spores at various ages post-emergence (p.e.) and the gut bacteria 7 days post-infection (p.i.) were analysed using real-time quantitative PCR, with the results compared to non-infected controls. Infected bees had a significantly higher proportion and load of Gilliamella apicola. In respect to the age of infection, the bees infected just after emergence had elevated loads of G. apicola, Bifidobacterium asteroides, Bombilactobacillus spp., Lactobacillus spp., Bartonella apis, and Bombella apis. Moreover, the G. apicola load was higher in bees infected at nearly all ages, whereas older non-infected bees had higher loads of Bifidobacterium asteroides, Bombilactobacillus spp., Lactobacillus spp., Ba. apis, and Bo apis. These findings suggest that N. ceranae infection and, in particular, the age of bees at infection modulate the gut bacterial community, with G. apicola being the most severely affected species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gut Microbiota Development in Farm Animals 2.0)
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19 pages, 1249 KiB  
Article
Physiological Conditions Leading to Maternal Subclinical Ketosis in Holstein Dairy Cows Can Impair the Offspring’s Postnatal Growth and Gut Microbiome Development
by Jessica Halfen, Nathaly Ana Carpinelli, Sergio Lasso-Ramirez, Tainara Cristina Michelotti, Emily C. Fowler, Benoit St-Pierre, Erminio Trevisi and Johan S. Osorio
Microorganisms 2023, 11(7), 1839; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11071839 - 19 Jul 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1176
Abstract
Maternal metabolic disruptions, such as ketosis, can have adverse effects on fetal development and influence postnatal factors. Twelve Holstein calves were randomly enrolled in this study at birth and monitored until 8 weeks of age. The study was conducted from fall 2018 until [...] Read more.
Maternal metabolic disruptions, such as ketosis, can have adverse effects on fetal development and influence postnatal factors. Twelve Holstein calves were randomly enrolled in this study at birth and monitored until 8 weeks of age. The study was conducted from fall 2018 until spring 2019. After completing the data collection period, calves were classified according to their respective dams ketotic condition after parturition. This classification was based on dam blood β-hydroxybutyrate < 1.4 mmol/L nonketotic (NONKET; n = 6 calves) or ≥1.4 mmol/L subclinical-ketotic (SK; n = 6 calves). SK calves had greater birth body weight (p = 0.05) but exhibited a slower growth rate compared to NONKET calves from 1 to 8 weeks (p = 0.02). At birth, SK calves had lower (p < 0.01) levels of non-esterified fatty acids and bilirubin compared to NONKET calves. Analysis of feces alpha diversity indicates that by 3 weeks, NONKET calves had greater diversity, richness, and evenness. Butyricicoccus pullicaecorum and Gallibacterium anatis were more abundant in SK calves (p < 0.05) at 3 weeks. In contrast, NONKET calves had a greater (p < 0.05) abundance of Sharpae azabuensis at 3 weeks. These findings suggest that subclinical ketosis in cows can impact the in-utero development, postnatal growth, and maturing gut microbiome of their offspring. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gut Microbiota Development in Farm Animals 2.0)
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