Probiotics, Gut Microbiota, and Health

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Gut Microbiota".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2026) | Viewed by 3587

Special Issue Editors


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Roma, Italy
Interests: antibiotics; PCR; bacteriology; microbial molecular biology; antimicrobial resistance; gel electrophoresis; general microbiology; DNA extraction; electrophoresis; DNA
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
Interests: probiotics; human gut microflora
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the past decade, a wealth of research has highlighted the beneficial effects of probiotics in favoring a balanced microbiota and gastrointestinal (GI) health, but this represents only the tip of the iceberg. In this context, studies deepening our understanding of how probiotic microorganisms influence the composition and metabolic or immunological activities of the human gut microbiota are paramount, particularly in the context of preventing and managing chronic diseases, with special attention to vulnerable populations such as infants, pregnant women, and the elderly.

For this Special Issue, titled “Probiotics, Gut Microbiota, and Health”, we invite researchers to submit high-quality original research articles and comprehensive narrative and systematic reviews exploring the multifaceted impact of probiotics on gut health and human diseases. We welcome studies encompassing clinical, in vivo, and in vitro investigations that delve into the bioactive effects, underlying mechanisms, and therapeutic applications of probiotics.

Dr. Massimiliano Marazzato
Prof. Dr. Claudio de Simone
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • probiotic
  • gut microbiota
  • intestinal microbiome
  • host health

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • Reprint: MDPI Books provides the opportunity to republish successful Special Issues in book format, both online and in print.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

Order results
Result details
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

Jump to: Review

14 pages, 4099 KB  
Article
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 Primes Epithelial Antiviral Defenses and Restricts Influenza A Virus Replication in Human Intestinal Organoid-Derived Monolayers
by Astghik Stepanyan, Melania Scarpa, Giulia Bernabè, Paola Brun, Anthony Pauletto, Veronica Zatta, Cristiano Salata, Claudia Del Vecchio, Marco Scarpa and Ignazio Castagliuolo
Microorganisms 2026, 14(4), 751; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms14040751 - 27 Mar 2026
Viewed by 564
Abstract
Viral infections with gastrointestinal involvement remain a significant global health burden with limited therapeutic options. While probiotics show antiviral potential, their impact on primary human intestinal epithelial defenses is poorly defined. This study utilized human intestinal organoid-derived monolayers (ODMs), generated from the non-inflamed [...] Read more.
Viral infections with gastrointestinal involvement remain a significant global health burden with limited therapeutic options. While probiotics show antiviral potential, their impact on primary human intestinal epithelial defenses is poorly defined. This study utilized human intestinal organoid-derived monolayers (ODMs), generated from the non-inflamed mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel disease, to examine how Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis BB-12 (BB-12) and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) modulate mucosal antiviral pathways. Unlike conventional Caco-2 cells, ODMs preserved physiological cellular diversity and intact innate signaling. Expression of viral receptors and interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes (ISGs) was quantified by RT-qPCR, while the effector 2′-5′-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1) was also assessed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. Both probiotic strains modulated IFN-associated pathways; however, BB-12 induced a markedly stronger antiviral transcriptional response than LGG. Notably, OAS1 exhibited cell type-specific regulation; while goblet cells showed high basal levels, both probiotics enhanced OAS1 expression selectively in ileal enterocytes. Despite this shared effect, only BB-12 pretreatment significantly restricted Influenza A (H1N1) replication in ileal ODMs, whereas LGG did not significantly affect viral replication. These findings establish human ODMs as a superior platform for probiotic immunology, suggesting that BB-12 more effectively shapes epithelial antiviral “set-points” and highlighting OAS1 as a sensitive component of a broader antiviral program. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Probiotics, Gut Microbiota, and Health)
Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

26 pages, 2080 KB  
Review
Therapeutic Potential of Probiotics in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis: A Comprehensive Review
by Xueying Wang, Zhiying Wei, Qing Xiang, Lijie Tang and Weichun Xie
Microorganisms 2025, 13(8), 1894; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13081894 - 14 Aug 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2605
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) constitutes a significant and progressive liver disease, characterized by a complex pathogenesis that involves dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. While the multifaceted nature of MASH is widely recognized, its underlying mechanisms remain the subject of active investigation. Contemporary research [...] Read more.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) constitutes a significant and progressive liver disease, characterized by a complex pathogenesis that involves dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. While the multifaceted nature of MASH is widely recognized, its underlying mechanisms remain the subject of active investigation. Contemporary research highlights the critical role of the gut–liver axis, suggesting that disturbances in the gut microbiome may contribute to the progression of the disease. Probiotics have notably emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for MASH, with the potential to modulate the gut microbiome and mitigate symptoms. This review aims to examine the alterations in the gut microbiome associated with MASH pathogenesis, the interaction of probiotics with the gut–liver axis, and their significance in the development and management of MASH. By synthesizing current evidence on the mechanisms of action of probiotics, clinical trials, and comparative efficacy of different strains, as well as existing controversies, challenges, and future research directions, this review seeks to establish a scientific foundation for probiotic-based interventions as an innovative therapeutic strategy for MASH. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Probiotics, Gut Microbiota, and Health)
Show Figures

Figure 1

Back to TopTop