The Role of Metabolism in Brain Diseases

A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Endocrinology and Clinical Metabolic Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 October 2020) | Viewed by 7177

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg Universitet, Aalborg 9220, Denmark
Interests: CNS diseases; metabolism; immunology; microbiota; metabolites

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Guest Editor
City University of New York, John Jay College, NY, USA
Interests: metabolism; autoimmunity; aging and the immune system; biobanking; bioengineering and field medicine (PoC); pathology and bioinformatics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Brain diseases, specifically Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, amylotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis, constitute an area of medicine that has been standing still with respect to the development of treatments. Medicine has been developed for some of the aforementioned diseases with only symptomatic efficacy.
Lately, progress from different sides has been made, and we have shown that a metabolic shift seems to be a key event in disease induction and progression; others have shown that there is a correlation with microbiota in the gut, oral and nasal cavity, and lungs. Again, others have shown that diet and vitamins have an effect on such diseases.
The suggestion is, therefore, that CNS diseases are affected by the interplay between microbiota, metabolites, diet, and genetics. One influences the others, and vice versa. In other words, one has to see these different processes as part of a system in which, in the end, the balance or imbalance between the different processes is the driver to become healthy or diseased. This systemic way of looking at CNS diseases opens up the potential for personalized treatment, including new therapeutics and diagnosis parameters.

Prof. John Dirk Vestergaard Nieland
Prof. Angeliques Corthals
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • CNS disease
  • Metabolites
  • Microbiota
  • Genetics
  • Diet
  • Immune system
  • Systemic approach
  • Autoimmunity

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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7 pages, 585 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Amyloid-Beta Positivity with 18F-Florbetaben PET on Neuropsychological Aspects in Parkinson’s Disease Dementia
by Seunghee Na, Hyeonseok Jeong, Jong-Sik Park, Yong-An Chung and In-Uk Song
Metabolites 2020, 10(10), 380; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo10100380 - 23 Sep 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2211
Abstract
The neuropathology of Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD) is heterogenous, and the impacts of each pathophysiology and their synergistic effects are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and impacts of co-existence with Alzheimer’s disease in patients with [...] Read more.
The neuropathology of Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD) is heterogenous, and the impacts of each pathophysiology and their synergistic effects are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and impacts of co-existence with Alzheimer’s disease in patients with PDD by using 18F-florbetaben PET imaging. A total of 23 patients with PDD participated in the study. All participants underwent 18F-florbetaben PET and completed a standardized neuropsychological battery and assessment of motor symptoms. The results of cognitive tests, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and motor symptoms were analyzed between the positive and negative 18F-florbetaben PET groups. Four patients (17.4%) showed significant amyloid burden. Patients with amyloid-beta showed poorer performance in executive function and more severe neuropsychiatric symptoms than those without amyloid-beta. Motor symptoms assessed by UPDRS part III and the modified H&Y Scale were not different between the two groups. The amyloid PET scan of a patient with PDD can effectively reflect a co-existing Alzheimer’s disease pathology. Amyloid PET scans might be able to help physicians of PDD patients showing rapid progression or severe cognitive/behavioral features. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Metabolism in Brain Diseases)
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Review

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24 pages, 2182 KiB  
Review
Clinical Insights into Mitochondrial Neurodevelopmental and Neurodegenerative Disorders: Their Biosignatures from Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics
by Haorong Li, Martine Uittenbogaard, Ling Hao and Anne Chiaramello
Metabolites 2021, 11(4), 233; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11040233 - 10 Apr 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 4339
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic multitask organelles that function as hubs for many metabolic pathways. They produce most ATP via the oxidative phosphorylation pathway, a critical pathway that the brain relies on its energy need associated with its numerous functions, such as synaptic homeostasis and [...] Read more.
Mitochondria are dynamic multitask organelles that function as hubs for many metabolic pathways. They produce most ATP via the oxidative phosphorylation pathway, a critical pathway that the brain relies on its energy need associated with its numerous functions, such as synaptic homeostasis and plasticity. Therefore, mitochondrial dysfunction is a prevalent pathological hallmark of many neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders resulting in altered neurometabolic coupling. With the advent of mass spectrometry (MS) technology, MS-based metabolomics provides an emerging mechanistic understanding of their global and dynamic metabolic signatures. In this review, we discuss the pathogenetic causes of mitochondrial metabolic disorders and the recent MS-based metabolomic advances on their metabolomic remodeling. We conclude by exploring the MS-based metabolomic functional insights into their biosignatures to improve diagnostic platforms, stratify patients, and design novel targeted therapeutic strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Metabolism in Brain Diseases)
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