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Membranes
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1D- and 2D-Materials for Advanced Membranes
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1D- and 2D-Materials for Advanced Membranes

A special issue of Membranes (ISSN 2077-0375). This special issue belongs to the section "Membrane Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 11559

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Peng Lu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
Interests: fabrication and modification of thin-film composite (TFC) membranes; synthesis and characterization of thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes; application of TFC and TFN membranes in aqueous and solvent system separation processes; membrane process for energy-efficient and environmentally-friendly separations
Dr. Naixin Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
Interests: 2D material membrane; MOF membrane; pervaporation and nanofiltration membrane
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Wanbin Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Environment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
Interests: nanoporous membranes; 2D membranes, gas separation; water purification
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Membrane-based technology represents an emerging strategy for energy-efficient gas /liquid separation. Among various factors, dimensionality and microstructure of membrane materials played a significant role in determining their separation performance. One-dimensional (1D) nano-fibers/wires and two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets, composed of polymer fibers, carbon nanotube, 2D graphene and its derivatives, 2D metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), g-C3N4, MoS2, MXene, hexagonal boron nitride, montmorillonite, layered double hydroxides, etc., have unique structural properties are rapidly emerging as desirable building blocks for the design of high-performance membranes. They have attracted extensive interest and exhibited promising prospects for membrane applications due to their atomic size thickness and interlayer galleries. The 1D-/2D- materials membranes generally exhibit uniform transport galleries and permit precise ionic and molecular sieving.

This Special Issue of Membranes, “1D- and 2D-Materials for Advanced Membranes”, aims to provide comprehensive coverage on the 1D and 2D materials membranes for various applications, e.g., desalination, carbon capture, hydrogen purification, hydrocarbon separation, molecular sieving, and solvent separation. In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews on the above themes are welcome. 

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Prof. Dr. Peng Lu
Prof. Dr. Naixin Wang
Prof. Dr. Wanbin Li
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Membranes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • 1D and 2D material membranes
  • mixed matrix membranes
  • TFC and TFN type membranes
  • molecular sieving
  • desalination
  • gas separation
  • water treatment

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 6920 KiB  
Article
Preparation and Characterization of a Thin-Film Composite Membrane Modified by MXene Nano-Sheets
by Yi Wang, Yuqi Nie, Chunhong Chen, Hongjie Zhao, Ye Zhao, Yujin Jia, Jun Li and Zhanguo Li
Membranes 2022, 12(4), 368; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12040368 - 28 Mar 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2813
Abstract
MXene nano-sheets were introduced into a thin-film composite membrane (TFC) to reduce the mass transfer resistance (concentration polarization) and improve the membrane performance. The process entailed dissolving the MXene nano-sheets in a membrane casting solution using the blending method and introducing them into [...] Read more.
MXene nano-sheets were introduced into a thin-film composite membrane (TFC) to reduce the mass transfer resistance (concentration polarization) and improve the membrane performance. The process entailed dissolving the MXene nano-sheets in a membrane casting solution using the blending method and introducing them into the porous support layer to prepare a modified thin-film composite forward osmosis (TFC-FO) membrane. The results showed that the water contact angle decreased by about 16%, indicating that the hydrophilicity was strengthened, and the O/N ratio of the active selective layer decreased by 13%, indicating an increased degree of crosslinking, thereby demonstrating that the introduction of MXene nano-sheets changed the properties of the membrane and played a positive role in its physicochemical properties. In contrast to the unmodified TFC-FO membrane, the modified membrane had a slightly higher reverse solute flux, while its water flux increased by about 80%. Its specific reverse osmosis flux was also significantly optimized (only 0.63 g/L). In conclusion, adding MXene nanosheets to TFC-FO membranes led to the modified membranes with better mass transfer, lessened internal concentration polarization (ICP), and better osmotic separation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 1D- and 2D-Materials for Advanced Membranes)
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10 pages, 2442 KiB  
Article
Wrinkled CNTs@PLLA Composite Membranes for Enhanced Separation Performance
by Jinyan Xu, Bajin Chen, Lu Yin, Liang Zhang, Yongjin Li and Jichun You
Membranes 2022, 12(3), 278; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12030278 - 28 Feb 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1944
Abstract
To break the trade-off effect between permeability and selectivity in separation, wrinkled carbon nanotubes@polylactic acid (CNTs@PLLA) composite membranes were successfully fabricated in this work. On pre-deformed PLLA membranes, CNTs were loaded by filtrating their suspension, followed by releasing the PLLA upon heating based [...] Read more.
To break the trade-off effect between permeability and selectivity in separation, wrinkled carbon nanotubes@polylactic acid (CNTs@PLLA) composite membranes were successfully fabricated in this work. On pre-deformed PLLA membranes, CNTs were loaded by filtrating their suspension, followed by releasing the PLLA upon heating based on its shape memory effect. The asynchronous deformations of CNTs and PLLA layers produced wrinkled CNTs@PLLA composite membranes. Relative to the reference without wrinkles, the attained wrinkled composite membranes exhibit much higher flux (~12 times) without any loss of rejection ratio during the separation of water-in-hexadecane emulsion. The significant improvement of separation performance can be attributed to the following issues: Firstly, the existence of wrinkles results in higher surface roughness, providing an additional driving force for separation resulting from the enlarged contact-angle difference between water and oil; Secondly, the shrinkage of the supporting PLLA layer during recovery induces the preferred alignment of CNTs along the wrinkle direction, which is the reason for the orientated slit pores with enhanced overlap of neighboring pores in the film-thickness direction; Finally, a wrinkled surface significantly increases the available area for separation. The synergism of the effects discussed above contributes to much higher permeability and comparable selectivity relative to the reference. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 1D- and 2D-Materials for Advanced Membranes)
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16 pages, 4608 KiB  
Article
Desalination Characteristics of Cellulose Acetate FO Membrane Incorporated with ZIF-8 Nanoparticles
by Tong Li, Yuhong Wang, Xinyan Wang, Caixia Cheng, Kaifeng Zhang, Jie Yang, Guangshuo Han, Zhongpeng Wang, Xiuju Wang and Liguo Wang
Membranes 2022, 12(2), 122; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12020122 - 21 Jan 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3331
Abstract
Forward osmosis membranes have a wide range of applications in the field of water treatment. However, the application of seawater desalination is restricted, so the research of forward osmosis membranes for seawater desalination poses new challenges. In this study, zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) [...] Read more.
Forward osmosis membranes have a wide range of applications in the field of water treatment. However, the application of seawater desalination is restricted, so the research of forward osmosis membranes for seawater desalination poses new challenges. In this study, zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) was synthesized by a mechanical stirring method, and its crystal structure, surface morphology, functional group characteristics, thermochemical stability, pore size distribution and specific surface area were analyzed. The cellulose acetate (CA)/ZIF-8 mixed matrix forward osmosis membrane was prepared by using the synthesized ZIF-8 as a modified additive. The effects of the additive ZIF-8 content, coagulation bath temperature, mixing temperature and heat treatment temperature on the properties of the CA/ZIF-8 forward osmosis membrane were systematically studied, and the causes were analyzed to determine the best membrane preparation parameters. The structure of the CA membrane and CA/ZIF-8 mixed matrix forward osmosis membranes prepared under the optimal conditions were characterized by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle and Atomic force microscope (AFM). Finally, the properties of the HTI membrane (Membrane manufactured by Hydration Technology Innovations Inc.), CA forward osmosis membrane and CA/ZIF-8 mixed matrix forward osmosis membrane were compared under laboratory conditions. For the CA membrane, the water flux and reverse salt flux reached 48.85 L·m−2·h−1 and 3.4 g·m−2·h−1, respectively. The reverse salt flux and water flux of the CA/ZIF-8 membrane are 2.84 g·m−2·h−1 and 50.14 L·m−2·h−1, respectively. ZIF-8 has a promising application in seawater desalination. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 1D- and 2D-Materials for Advanced Membranes)
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Review

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16 pages, 2982 KiB  
Review
Enhanced Separation Performance of Polyamide Thin-Film Nanocomposite Membranes with Interlayer by Constructed Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials: A Critical Review
by Yifei Yu, Xianjuan Zhang, Peng Lu, Dingbin He, Liqiang Shen and Yanshuo Li
Membranes 2022, 12(12), 1250; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12121250 - 10 Dec 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2290
Abstract
Thin-film composite (TFC) polyamide (PA) membrane has been widely applied in nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, and forward osmosis, including a PA rejection layer by interfacial polymerization on a porous support layer. However, the separation performance of TFC membrane is constrained by the trade-off relationship [...] Read more.
Thin-film composite (TFC) polyamide (PA) membrane has been widely applied in nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, and forward osmosis, including a PA rejection layer by interfacial polymerization on a porous support layer. However, the separation performance of TFC membrane is constrained by the trade-off relationship between permeability and selectivity. Although thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membrane can enhance the permeability, due to the existence of functionalized nanoparticles in the PA rejection layer, the introduction of nanoparticles leads to the problems of the poor interface compatibility and the nanoparticles agglomeration. These issues often lead to the defect of PA rejection layers and reduction in selectivity. In this review, we summarize a new class of structures of TFN membranes with functionalized interlayers (TFNi), which promises to overcome the problems associated with TFN membranes. Recently, functionalized two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have received more attention in the assembly materials of membranes. The reported TFNi membranes with 2D interlayers exhibit the remarkable enhancement on the permeability, due to the shorter transport path by the “gutter mechanism” of 2D interlayers. Meanwhile, the functionalized 2D interlayers can affect the diffusion of two-phase monomers during the interfacial polymerization, resulting in the defect-free and highly crosslinked PA rejection layer. Thus, the 2D interlayers enabled TFNi membranes to potentially overcome the longstanding trade-off between membrane permeability and selectivity. This paper provides a critical review on the emerging 2D nanomaterials as the functionalized interlayers of TFNi membranes. The characteristics, function, modification, and advantages of these 2D interlayers are summarized. Several perspectives are provided in terms of the critical challenges for 2D interlayers, managing the trade-off between permeability, selectivity, and cost. The future research directions of TFNi membranes with 2D interlayers are proposed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 1D- and 2D-Materials for Advanced Membranes)
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