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Membranes
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Recent Progress in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells and Water...
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Recent Progress in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells and Water Electrolyzers

A special issue of Membranes (ISSN 2077-0375). This special issue belongs to the section "Membrane Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2023) | Viewed by 9301

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Sergey A. Grigoriev

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Research University "Moscow Power Engineering Institute", 14, Krasnokazarmennaya st., 111250 Moscow, Russia
Interests: polymer electrolyte membranes; proton exchange membranes; electrochemical systems; hydrogen; water electrolysis; fuel cells
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Nataliya A. Ivanova

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 1, Akademika Kurchatova sq., 123182 Moscow, Russia
Interests: PEMFCs; PEM electrochemical systems; electrochemistry; hydrogen; magnetron sputtering; thin films and nanotechnology; materials for electrochemical systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) is one of the research hotspots in recent years. It is the core component of the membrane-electrode assembly, and plays an important role in the performance of electrochemical devices, such as fuel cells and water electrolyzers. Specific properties, durability, cost, and operating conditions of electrochemical devices with PEM are major issues often encountered in their design and operation. Further investigations require the development of membranes with enhanced sustainability for long-term operations and these membranes can become economically effective in the “green” energy technologies of the future.

The Special Issue “Recent Progress in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells and Water Electrolyzers” aims to contribute the latest advances in high-performance, proton exchange membrane investigations, understanding their structure and properties, and explore the efficient application of proton exchange membranes in fuel cells and water electrolyzers. Particular interest is focused on high-pressure PEM water electrolysis capable to produce “green” and “yellow” hydrogen using renewable and nuclear energy.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • New types of polymer electrolyte membranes (both proton and anion exchange).
  • Degradation process and durability issues of polymer electrolyte membranes.
  • Application in fuel cells and water electrolyzers.
  • Polymer electrolyte materials as components of electrocatalytic layers.

We look forward to receiving your high-quality contributions. 

Prof. Dr. Sergey A. Grigoriev
Dr. Nataliya A. Ivanova
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Membranes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • polymer electrolyte membrane
  • proton exchange membrane
  • electrochemical system
  • water electrolysis
  • fuel cell

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3596 KiB  
Article
Features of Electrochemical Hydrogen Pump Based on Irradiated Proton Exchange Membrane
by Nataliya A. Ivanova, Boris V. Ivanov, Ruslan M. Mensharapov, Dmitry D. Spasov, Matvey V. Sinyakov, Seraphim V. Nagorny, Evgeny D. Kazakov, Petr V. Dmitryakov, Artem V. Bakirov and Sergey A. Grigoriev
Membranes 2023, 13(11), 885; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13110885 - 20 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1690
Abstract
An electrochemical hydrogen pump (EHP) with a proton exchange membrane (PEM) used as part of fusion cycle systems successfully combines the processes of hydrogen extraction, purification and compression in a single device. This work comprises a novel study of the effect of ionizing [...] Read more.
An electrochemical hydrogen pump (EHP) with a proton exchange membrane (PEM) used as part of fusion cycle systems successfully combines the processes of hydrogen extraction, purification and compression in a single device. This work comprises a novel study of the effect of ionizing radiation on the properties of the PEM as part of the EHP. Radiation exposure leads to nonspecific degradation of membranes, changes in their structure, and destruction of side and matrix chains. The findings from this work reveal that the replacement of sulfate groups in the membrane structure with carboxyl and hydrophilic groups leads to a decrease in conductivity from 0.115 to 0.103 S cm−1, which is reflected in halving the device performance at a temperature of 30 °C. The shift of the ionomer peak of small-angle X-ray scattering curves from 3.1 to 4.4 nm and the absence of changes in the water uptake suggested structural changes in the PEM after the irradiation. Increasing the EHP operating temperature minimized the effect of membrane irradiation on the pump performance, but enhanced membrane drying at low pressure and 50 °C, which caused a current density drop from 0.52 to 0.32 A·cm−2 at 0.5 V. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells and Water Electrolyzers)
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12 pages, 3213 KiB  
Article
Carbonized Nickel Complex of Sodium Pectate as Catalyst for Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
by Kirill V. Kholin, Aigul F. Sabirova, Danis M. Kadirov, Ayrat R. Khamatgalimov, Mikhail N. Khrizanforov, Irek R. Nizameev, Mikhail V. Morozov, Radis R. Gainullin, Timur P. Sultanov, Salima T. Minzanova, Eugene S. Nefed’ev and Marsil K. Kadirov
Membranes 2023, 13(7), 635; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13070635 - 30 Jun 2023
Viewed by 957
Abstract
Sodium pectate derivatives with 25% replacement of sodium ions with nickel ions were obtained by carbonization to temperatures of 280, 550, and 800 °C, under special protocols in an inert atmosphere by carbonization to temperatures of 280, 550, and 800 °C. The 25% [...] Read more.
Sodium pectate derivatives with 25% replacement of sodium ions with nickel ions were obtained by carbonization to temperatures of 280, 550, and 800 °C, under special protocols in an inert atmosphere by carbonization to temperatures of 280, 550, and 800 °C. The 25% substitution is the upper limit of substitution of sodium for nickel ions, above which the complexes are no longer soluble in water. It was established that the sample carburized to 550 °C is the most effective active element in the hydrogen-oxidation reaction, while the sample carbonized up to 800 °C was the most effective in the oxygen-reduction reaction. The poor performance of the catalytic system involving the pectin coordination biopolymer carbonized up to 280 °C was due to loss of proton conductivity caused by water removal and mainly by two-electron transfer in one catalytic cycle of the oxygen-reduction reaction. The improved performance of the system with coordination biopolymer carbonized up to 550 °C was due to the better access of gases to the catalytic sites and four-electron transfer in one catalytic cycle. The (Ni-NaPG)800C sample contains metallic nickel nanoparticles and loose carbon, which enhances the electrical conductivity and gas capacity of the catalytic system. In addition, almost four-electron transfer is observed in one catalytic cycle of the oxygen-reduction reaction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells and Water Electrolyzers)
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8 pages, 913 KiB  
Communication
GOMEA: A Conceptual Design of a Membrane Electrode Assembly for a Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer
by Torsten Berning and Dmitri Bessarabov
Membranes 2023, 13(7), 614; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13070614 - 21 Jun 2023
Viewed by 2194
Abstract
We are proposing a conceptual membrane electrode assembly (MEA) of a proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer that includes a layer of graphene oxide (GO) at the cathode side. This GO layer primarily reinforces the MEA to allow operation at a higher pressure difference [...] Read more.
We are proposing a conceptual membrane electrode assembly (MEA) of a proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer that includes a layer of graphene oxide (GO) at the cathode side. This GO layer primarily reinforces the MEA to allow operation at a higher pressure difference between the cathode and anode side. Additional benefits would be that a perfect GO layer would prevent both water and hydrogen crossover and thus would allow for pure, dry hydrogen escaping directly from the electrolyzer without losses due to hydrogen crossover, thus eliminating the need for hydrogen clean-up steps. The mechanical strength of graphene will also allow for a thinner polymer electrolyte membrane and could thus save cost. Finally, the effect of electro–osmotic drag on the water content in such an MEA is discussed, and it is argued that it could lead to an oversaturated membrane, which is highly desirable. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells and Water Electrolyzers)
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11 pages, 3034 KiB  
Article
Copolymer of VDF/TFE as a Promising Polymer Additive for CsH2PO4-Based Composite Electrolytes
by Yuri Kungurtsev, Irina Bagryantseva and Valentina Ponomareva
Membranes 2023, 13(5), 520; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13050520 - 17 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1160
Abstract
The composite polymer electrolytes (1-x)CsH2PO4-xF-2M (x = 0–0.3) have been first synthesized and their electrotransport, structural, and mechanical properties were investigated in detail by impedance, FTIR spectroscopy, electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction methods. The structure of CsH2PO [...] Read more.
The composite polymer electrolytes (1-x)CsH2PO4-xF-2M (x = 0–0.3) have been first synthesized and their electrotransport, structural, and mechanical properties were investigated in detail by impedance, FTIR spectroscopy, electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction methods. The structure of CsH2PO4 (P21/m) with salt dispersion is retained in the polymer electrolytes. The FTIR and PXRD data are consistent, showing no chemical interaction between the components in the polymer systems, but the salt dispersion is due to a weak interface interaction. The close to uniform distribution of the particles and their agglomerates is observed. The obtained polymer composites are suitable for making thin highly conductive films (60–100 μm) with high mechanical strength. The proton conductivity of the polymer membranes up to x = 0.05–0.1 is close to the pure salt. The further polymers addition up to x = 0.25 results in a significant decrease in the superproton conductivity due to the percolation effect. Despite a decrease, the conductivity values at 180–250 °C remain high enough to enable the use of (1-x)CsH2PO4-xF-2M as a proton membrane in the intermediate temperature range. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells and Water Electrolyzers)
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14 pages, 2377 KiB  
Article
On the Operational Conditions’ Effect on the Performance of an Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzer: Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Study
by Irina V. Pushkareva, Maksim A. Solovyev, Sergey I. Butrim, Margarita V. Kozlova, Dmitri A. Simkin and Artem S. Pushkarev
Membranes 2023, 13(2), 192; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13020192 - 03 Feb 2023
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2172
Abstract
The performance of an anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer under various operational conditions (including voltage, KOH-supporting electrolyte concentration, and flow rate) is studied using conventional time-domain technics and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The water electrolyzer EIS footprint, depending on the variation in operational [...] Read more.
The performance of an anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer under various operational conditions (including voltage, KOH-supporting electrolyte concentration, and flow rate) is studied using conventional time-domain technics and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The water electrolyzer EIS footprint, depending on the variation in operational conditions, is studied and discussed, providing valuable data on the faradaic and non-faradaic processes in MEA, considering their contribution to the total polarization resistance. The distribution of the AEMWE cell voltage contributions is valuable to accessing the key directions in the system performance improvement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells and Water Electrolyzers)
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