Artificial Intelligence: Deep Learning and Computer Vision

A special issue of Mathematics (ISSN 2227-7390). This special issue belongs to the section "E1: Mathematics and Computer Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2026 | Viewed by 2099

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma Del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico
Interests: computer vision; image analysis; deep learning

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México, Ciudad de Mexico 01080, Mexico
Interests: machine learning; representation learning; computer vision

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Currently, we are witnessing how computer vision applications, powered by advancements in deep learning, are becoming a reality previously imagined in science fiction novels and films. Moreover, since 2015, computers have been outperforming human experts in complex vision tasks. The methods allowing these achievements are mainly powerful artificial intelligence models based on deep neural networks.

This Special Issue will present recent applications of artificial intelligence for computer vision. Special attention is devoted to deep learning methods using convolutional and transformer-based architectures.

The Special Issue is an opportunity for authors/researchers to present their work while discussing the novel capabilities of the DNN revolution in operational settings and the reliability and limitations of these processes.

This Special Issue will accept high-quality papers containing original research results and review articles in the following fields:

  • Image or video segmentation using deep neural networks;
  • Image or video classification using deep neural networks;
  • Image or video restoration or reconstruction using deep neural networks;
  • Image to X and image from X reconstruction using deep neural networks;
  • Autonomous robot or vehicle navigation using deep neural networks for images;
  • Object detection in images or video using deep neural networks;
  • Three-dimensional reconstruction or depth estimation using deep neural networks;
  • Generative deep learning for images;
  • Image-based deep reinforcement learning;
  • Computational methods for computer vision using deep neural networks;
  • Optimization algorithms for computer vision using deep neural networks;
  • Intelligent systems for computer vision using deep neural networks.

Prof. Dr. Juan Manuel Rendón-Mancha
Prof. Dr. Edgar Roman-Rangel
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • artificial intelligence
  • deep learning
  • computer vision
  • image classification
  • image segmentation
  • image restoration
  • robot or vehicle autonomous navigation
  • image-based deep reinforcement learning
  • generative deep models
  • computational methods for computer vision
  • intelligent systems
  • optimization algorithms for computer vision

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 1990 KiB  
Article
Watermark and Trademark Prompts Boost Video Action Recognition in Visual-Language Models
by Longbin Jin, Hyuntaek Jung, Hyo Jin Jon and Eun Yi Kim
Mathematics 2025, 13(9), 1365; https://doi.org/10.3390/math13091365 - 22 Apr 2025
Viewed by 207
Abstract
Large-scale Visual-Language Models have demonstrated powerful adaptability in video recognition tasks. However, existing methods typically rely on fine-tuning or text prompt tuning. In this paper, we propose a visual-only prompting method that employs watermark and trademark prompts to bridge the distribution gap of [...] Read more.
Large-scale Visual-Language Models have demonstrated powerful adaptability in video recognition tasks. However, existing methods typically rely on fine-tuning or text prompt tuning. In this paper, we propose a visual-only prompting method that employs watermark and trademark prompts to bridge the distribution gap of spatial-temporal video data with Visual-Language Models. Our watermark prompts, designed by a trainable prompt generator, are customized for each video clip. Unlike conventional visual prompts that often exhibit noise signals, watermark prompts are intentionally designed to be imperceptible, ensuring they are not misinterpreted as an adversarial attack. The trademark prompts, bespoke for each video domain, establish the identity of specific video types. Integrating watermark prompts into video frames and prepending trademark prompts to per-frame embeddings significantly boosts the capability of the Visual-Language Model to understand video. Notably, our approach improves the adaptability of the CLIP model to various video action recognition datasets, achieving performance gains of 16.8%, 18.4%, and 13.8% on HMDB-51, UCF-101, and the egocentric dataset EPIC-Kitchen-100, respectively. Additionally, our visual-only prompting method demonstrates competitive performance compared with existing fine-tuning and adaptation methods while requiring fewer learnable parameters. Moreover, through extensive ablation studies, we find the optimal balance between imperceptibility and adaptability. Code will be made available. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Intelligence: Deep Learning and Computer Vision)
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16 pages, 1939 KiB  
Article
Auto-Probabilistic Mining Method for Siamese Neural Network Training
by Arseniy Mokin, Alexander Sheshkus and Vladimir L. Arlazarov
Mathematics 2025, 13(8), 1270; https://doi.org/10.3390/math13081270 - 12 Apr 2025
Viewed by 185
Abstract
Training deep learning models for classification with limited data and computational resources remains a challenge when the number of classes is large. Metric learning offers an effective solution to this problem. However, it has its own shortcomings due to the known imperfections of [...] Read more.
Training deep learning models for classification with limited data and computational resources remains a challenge when the number of classes is large. Metric learning offers an effective solution to this problem. However, it has its own shortcomings due to the known imperfections of widely used loss functions such as contrastive loss and triplet loss, as well as sample mining methods. This paper address these issues by proposing a novel mining method and metric loss function. Firstly, this paper presents an auto-probabilistic mining method designed to automatically select the most informative training samples for Siamese neural networks. Combined with a previously proposed auto-clustering technique, the method improves model training by optimizing the utilization of available data and reducing computational overhead. Secondly, this paper proposes the novel cluster-aware triplet-based metric loss function that addresses the limitations of contrastive and triplet loss, enhancing the overall training process. To evaluate the proposed methods, experiments were conducted with the optical character recognition task using the PHD08 and Omniglot datasets. The proposed loss function with the random-mining method achieved 82.6% classification accuracy on the PHD08 dataset with full training on the Korean alphabet, surpassing the known baseline. The same experiment, using a reduced training alphabet, set a new baseline of 88.6% on the PHD08 dataset. The application of the novel mining method further enhanced the accuracy to 90.6% (+2.0%) and, combined with auto-clustering, achieved 92.3% (+3.7%) compared with the new baseline. On the Omniglot dataset, the proposed mining method reached 92.32%, rising to 93.17% with auto-clustering. These findings highlight the potential effectiveness of the developed loss function and mining method in addressing a wide range of pattern recognition challenges. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Intelligence: Deep Learning and Computer Vision)
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23 pages, 1774 KiB  
Article
Adaptive Transformer-Based Deep Learning Framework for Continuous Sign Language Recognition and Translation
by Yahia Said, Sahbi Boubaker, Saleh M. Altowaijri, Ahmed A. Alsheikhy and Mohamed Atri
Mathematics 2025, 13(6), 909; https://doi.org/10.3390/math13060909 - 8 Mar 2025
Viewed by 832
Abstract
Sign language recognition and translation remain pivotal for facilitating communication among the deaf and hearing communities. However, end-to-end sign language translation (SLT) faces major challenges, including weak temporal correspondence between sign language (SL) video frames and gloss annotations and the complexity of sequence [...] Read more.
Sign language recognition and translation remain pivotal for facilitating communication among the deaf and hearing communities. However, end-to-end sign language translation (SLT) faces major challenges, including weak temporal correspondence between sign language (SL) video frames and gloss annotations and the complexity of sequence alignment between long SL videos and natural language sentences. In this paper, we propose an Adaptive Transformer (ADTR)-based deep learning framework that enhances SL video processing for robust and efficient SLT. The proposed model incorporates three novel modules: Adaptive Masking (AM), Local Clip Self-Attention (LCSA), and Adaptive Fusion (AF) to optimize feature representation. The AM module dynamically removes redundant video frame representations, improving temporal alignment, while the LCSA module learns hierarchical representations at both local clip and full-video levels using a refined self-attention mechanism. Additionally, the AF module fuses multi-scale temporal and spatial features to enhance model robustness. Unlike conventional SLT models, our framework eliminates the reliance on gloss annotations, enabling direct translation from SL video sequences to spoken language text. The proposed method was evaluated using the ArabSign dataset, demonstrating state-of-the-art performance in translation accuracy, processing efficiency, and real-time applicability. The achieved results confirm that ADTR is a highly effective and scalable deep learning solution for continuous sign language recognition, positioning it as a promising AI-driven approach for real-world assistive applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Intelligence: Deep Learning and Computer Vision)
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