Design and Control in Exoskeleton Systems: Challenges and Innovations in Physical Human–Robot Interaction

Dear Colleagues,

The development of exoskeleton systems represents a rapidly advancing frontier in wearable robotics, where innovation in mechanical design, control strategies, and human-centered engineering converge. These systems are designed to physically interact with the human body, augmenting or assisting movement and function in various domains such as rehabilitation, industrial support, mobility assistance, and human performance enhancement. At the core of effective exoskeleton technology lies the challenge of enabling safe, intuitive, and adaptive physical human–robot interaction (pHRI).

This Special Issue aims to provide an international platform for academics, researchers, and industry professionals to share the latest developments, trends, and innovations in the design and control of exoskeleton systems, with a strong emphasis on physical interaction dynamics. Topics of interest include but are not limited to biomechanically informed design, compliant actuation, real-time control, adaptive and personalized assistance, sensor integration, and user intent recognition.

We are particularly keen to publish submissions that address key challenges in human–robot physical interface design, shared control and safety, and the application of AI and machine learning to optimize human–robot synergy. Contributions may include theoretical studies, simulation frameworks, experimental validation, and real-world deployments.

This Special Issue of Machines invites papers in the following areas:

• Wearable robotics and exoskeleton design;
• Physical human–robot interaction (pHRI) modelling and control;
• Adaptive and compliant control strategies for exoskeletons;
• Sensor fusion and user intention detection;
• Human biomechanics and ergonomic integration;
• Real-time control and feedback systems;
• AI, machine learning, and data-driven methods for exoskeleton adaptation;
• Evaluation metrics, benchmarking, and experimental validation.
• Applications in rehabilitation, industry, and mobility assistance;

We look forward to your contributions, which will doubtless push the boundaries of what is possible in human–robot collaboration through the advancement of exoskeleton technology.

Dr. Mohammadhadi Sarajchi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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• exoskeleton systems
• wearable robotics
• physical human–robot interaction
• adaptive control
• compliant actuation
• human-centered design
• sensor fusion
• user intent recognition
• rehabilitation robotics
• assistive technology