Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies for Climate-Resilient Soil–Water Systems

A special issue of Land (ISSN 2073-445X). This special issue belongs to the section "Land, Soil and Water".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2026 | Viewed by 529

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
Interests: climate change impacts on hydrological extremes; drought modeling and assessement; hydrogeological early warning systems and use of artifical intelligence

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Guest Editor
Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Calabria, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
Interests: hydrological modelling; hydrometeorological forecasting; physically-based model; climate change impact assessment on water resources

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Accelerating climate change is heightening the frequency and intensity of hydrological extremes—droughts, floods, and shifts in seasonal water availability—that jeopardize the long-term sustainability of coupled soil–water systems. This Special Issue seeks high-quality research that develops or applies adaptation and mitigation strategies to safeguard these systems and ensure resilient water resources.

We invite contributions that present advancements in the following:

  • Innovative hydrological and hydro-agronomic modelling (process-based, data-driven, or hybrid) to diagnose current vulnerabilities and test future scenarios;
  • Cutting-edge technologies—such as remote sensing, precision agriculture, and nature-based solutions—for reducing water scarcity and enhancing soil moisture conservation;
  • Decision support frameworks that integrate climate projections, socio-economic pathways, and uncertainty analyses to inform risk-aware planning;
  • Multi-scale, interdisciplinary studies that link soil processes, catchment hydrology, ecosystem services, and human water use;
  • Governance and policy approaches that embed social equity and stakeholder participation in soil–water management.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Sustainable and emerging technologies to mitigate water scarcity (e.g., deficit irrigation, managed aquifer recharge, nature-based solutions);
  • Hydrological and hydro-pedological modelling for water-availability assessment;
  • Characterization and prediction of hydrological extremes and their soil–water implications;
  • Optimization and resilience enhancement of water-supply and -distribution systems;
  • Climate change impacts on soil moisture dynamics, groundwater recharge, and surface–subsurface interactions;
  • Future water-demand assessment under evolving socio-economic scenarios;
  • Quantification and communication of uncertainty in climate projections and seasonal forecasts.

By bridging hydrological science with climate adaptation, mitigation, and inclusive governance, this Special Issue aims to provide actionable knowledge for the sustainable management of soil–water systems in a changing climate.

We look forward to receiving your valuable submissions.

Dr. Nunziarita Palazzolo
Dr. Luca Furnari
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Land is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • climate change adaptation
  • hydrological extremes
  • soil–water systems
  • water scarcity
  • hydrological modelling
  • remote sensing and precision agriculture
  • nature-based solutions
  • sustainable water management
  • decision support systems
  • socio-hydrology

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

22 pages, 4408 KB  
Article
Multi-Ecohydrological Interactions Between Groundwater and Vegetation of Groundwater-Dependent Ecosystems in Semi-Arid Regions: A Case Study in the Hailiutu River Basin
by Lei Zeng, Li Xu, Boying Song, Ping Wang, Gang Qiao, Tianye Wang, Hu Wang and Xuekai Jing
Land 2026, 15(1), 60; https://doi.org/10.3390/land15010060 - 29 Dec 2025
Viewed by 260
Abstract
The Hailiutu River Basin in northern China represents a semi-arid area where groundwater-dependent ecosystems (GDEs) play a critical role in maintaining regional vegetation structure and ecological stability. This study investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics of GDEs and their relationship with water conditions using trend [...] Read more.
The Hailiutu River Basin in northern China represents a semi-arid area where groundwater-dependent ecosystems (GDEs) play a critical role in maintaining regional vegetation structure and ecological stability. This study investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics of GDEs and their relationship with water conditions using trend analysis, partial correlation, and Random Forest models over the period of 2002–2022. The results show that vegetation activity (NDVI) increased at a rate of 0.0052/yr in GDEs. Precipitation exhibited a basin-wide upward trend of 0.735 mm/yr, while SPEI increased at 0.0207/yr. In contrast, groundwater storage declined markedly at −11.19 mm/yr, highlighting a persistent reduction in water availability that poses a significant risk to the stability of GDEs. Both partial correlation analysis and the random forest model consistently showed strong ecohydrological interactions between vegetation and groundwater. Vegetation dynamics are primarily driven by groundwater availability, especially in groundwater-dependent ecosystems. Conversely, groundwater variations are most strongly influenced by vegetation. The results indicate that precipitation and the standardized precipitation–evapotranspiration index (SPEI) are the primary positive drivers of interannual NDVI variability, whereas groundwater plays a critical role in sustaining GDEs. Field observations of key species confirm the dependence of GDEs on groundwater, and vegetation dynamics are regulated by climate and groundwater; however, ongoing groundwater decline may threaten ecosystem stability. These findings demonstrate that vegetation transpiration exerts the dominant influence on groundwater variations, while groundwater simultaneously constrains vegetation growth, particularly in areas where declining groundwater storage anomalies (GWSAs) coincide with reduced NDVI. The results emphasize that continuous groundwater depletion threatens vegetation–groundwater sustainability, highlighting the need for balanced groundwater and vegetation management in arid regions. Full article
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