Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue entitled "New Perspectives on Filamentous and Dimorphic Fungi Research" aims to present recent research on any aspect of the filamentous and dimorphic fungi that may cause invasive mycoses associated with high mortality rates. Fungal infections present complex epidemiology, risk factors, globally variable distribution, and ultimately antifungal resistance. Among filamentous fungi, Aspergillus spp, Fusarium spp., Mucorales, Lomentospora prolificans, and Scedosporium spp. are the most important due to the mortality rate, antifungal resistance, and challenges in timely diagnosis and treatment. Dimorphic fungi are a group of fungal pathogens that occupy a specific ecological niche in the environment, and most belong to Ajellomycetaceae, a family that currently comprises the genera Blastomyces, Emmonsia, Emmonsiellopsis, Histoplasma, Coccidioides, Lacazia, and Paracoccidioides, whereas Sporothrix spp. belong to the family Ophiostomataceae.

On the other hand, talaromycosis (Penicilliosis) is an opportunistic mycosis caused by the thermally dimorphic fungus Talaromyces (Penicillium) marneffei. Fungal pathogen distribution and epidemiology vary significantly by region: some are global, while others are endemic to certain areas. Like other significant causes of systemic mycoses, the extent of disease and outcomes result from complex interactions between these human pathogens and the host's immune response.

Therefore, this Special Issue's topics include, but are not limited to: aspects of taxonomy, epidemiology and climate change; virulence factors; molecular identification, immunopathology; host–pathogen interactions; new experimental models; laboratory diagnosis; clinical aspects; and current treatment.

Any reviews, original research, and communications will be welcome.

Prof. Dr. Maria Mendes Giannini
Prof. Dr. Angel Gonzalez Marin
Prof. Dr. Gil Benard
Dr. Ana Marisa Fusco Almeida
Guest Editors

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