Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Diseases, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Journal of Fungi (ISSN 2309-608X). This special issue belongs to the section "Fungal Pathogenesis and Disease Control".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 2473

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Interests: diagnosis and management of infectious complications in immunocompromised patients, especially invasive fungal diseases; prevention of infectious diseases in procedures such as post-transplantation vaccination
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Invasive fungal diseases are on the rise. The biggest reason for this is that the number of patients with a reduced immune function, such as patients with acute leukemia or undergoing transplantation, is increasing, and they suffer from invasive fungal diseases as opportunistic infections while surviving for a long time. Another reason is that in the past, diagnosis was only possible with extremely limited methods such as culture tests, and the yield of this test method was low, so diagnoses were not performed properly or promptly. New diagnostic methods such as PCR, MALDI-TOF, and lateral flow devices were developed, and methods that can use specimens other than blood—for example, bronchoalveolar lavage, urinalysis, etc.—are being tested. In addition, by applying these methods clinically, fungal diseases can be better understood and treated early. In addition, a kit that can not only diagnose fungal diseases but can also check antifungal resistance at the same time as diagnosis is being developed. The development and application of this new diagnostic method will lead to the early detection of invasive fungal diseases, which will lead to the early initiation of appropriate antifungal drugs, thereby improving patients’ outcomes.

This Special Issue introduces methods that were recently developed or are being developed for diagnosing invasive fungal diseases and shares the experiences of each hospital and center that have applied these methods clinically.

Dr. Dong-Gun Lee
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • invasive fungal diseases
  • new diagnostic methods
  • antifungal resistance
  • PCR
  • rapid kit

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

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11 pages, 219 KiB  
Review
New Diagnostics for Fungal Infections in Transplant Infectious Disease: A Systematic Review
by Apurva Akkad and Neha Nanda
J. Fungi 2025, 11(1), 48; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof11010048 - 9 Jan 2025
Viewed by 1226
Abstract
Fungal infections are common in highly immunosuppressed, solid organ transplant recipients. They can be quite difficult to diagnose in a timely manner; thus, we present a review of current studies focusing on broad categories of molecular diagnostics, i.e., metagenomic sequencing, magnetic resonance, and [...] Read more.
Fungal infections are common in highly immunosuppressed, solid organ transplant recipients. They can be quite difficult to diagnose in a timely manner; thus, we present a review of current studies focusing on broad categories of molecular diagnostics, i.e., metagenomic sequencing, magnetic resonance, and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. We further discuss their syndrome-specific utilization in the diagnosis of fungemia and disseminated disease, pneumonia, and central nervous system infections. We assess the level of evidence of their utility as fungal diagnostics particularly in solid organ transplant recipients using the STARD criteria. In addition, we provide future research directions to substantiate and appropriately utilize these platforms in clinical practice. Directed polymerase chain reaction testing and targeted metagenomic sequencing are being used clinically and show the most promise, though only in conjunction with conventional methods at this time. The majority of these platforms contain limited data, and thus further larger studies are needed in order to properly implement their use. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Diseases, 2nd Edition)

Other

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8 pages, 236 KiB  
Brief Report
Rapid Identification of Clinically Relevant Candida spp. by I-dOne Software Using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) Spectroscopy
by Iacopo Franconi, Roberta Fais, Cesira Giordano, Benedetta Tuvo, Chiaramaria Stani, Arianna Tavanti, Simona Barnini and Antonella Lupetti
J. Fungi 2025, 11(1), 40; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof11010040 - 7 Jan 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1004
Abstract
Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy is a spectrum-based technique that quantifies the absorption of infrared light by molecules present in the microbial cell. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the performance of the ATR-FTIR spectroscopic technique via [...] Read more.
Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy is a spectrum-based technique that quantifies the absorption of infrared light by molecules present in the microbial cell. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the performance of the ATR-FTIR spectroscopic technique via I-dOne software (Version 2.0) compared with the MALDI-TOF MS in identifying Candida spp. Each infrared spectrum was compared with spectra stored in the software database. The updated version of the I-dOne software was used to analyze ATR-FTIR spectra. All Candida isolates 284/284 (100%) were classified correctly according to the genus. Overall species identification yielded 272/284 (95.8%) concordant identification results with MALDI-TOF MS. Additionally, all 79 isolates belonging to the Candida parapsilosis species complex were identified correctly to the species level with the updated version of the I-dOne software. Only 12 (4.2%) isolates were misidentified at the species level. The present study highlights the potential diagnostic performance of the I-dOne software with ATR-FTIR spectroscopic technique referral spectral database as a real alternative for routine identification of the most frequently isolated Candida spp. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Diseases, 2nd Edition)
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