Techniques and Applications in Face Image Analysis

A special issue of Journal of Imaging (ISSN 2313-433X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2025 | Viewed by 1145

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
CRIM-Computer Research Institute of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3N 1M3, Canada
Interests: computer vision; image processing; deep learning; intelligent video surveillance; face analysis; face recognition; emotion recognition; fake image detection
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In face biometric applications, building a robust face recognition system involves several key components and considerations. Face detection delimits the face region within an image or video sequence, the face recognition component then identifies or verifies individuals based on the computed facial features from the delimited regions. The recognition rate highly depends on the quality of the processed images. While some algorithms have been adapted to mitigate certain image aspects (e.g., sensor-related aspects, sharpness, illumination, etc.), challenges still remain regarding subject-related aspects. These include occluded faces, head pose, expression neutrality, etc. Assessing face image quality is used as a utility score to improve the stability and accuracy of face recognition systems by rejecting low-quality images before further processing.

Furthermore, AI-based approaches have significantly improved face recognition systems, even under diverse wild conditions. However, they have also enabled sophisticated attacks on face recognition systems. A robust system must consider mitigating strategies to tackle more and more advanced AI-related aspects including presentation attack, face morphing, and synthetically generated or manipulated face images.

This Special Issue of the Journal of Imaging aims to feature reports and articles addressing the robustness of face biometric algorithms and implementing enhancement measures and/or protective techniques. Any related face analysis techniques that can potentially defend against evolving threats are welcome.

Dr. Mohamed Dahmane
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • face analysis
  • robust face recognition
  • image quality assessment
  • face recognition attacks

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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24 pages, 1098 KiB  
Article
Face Boundary Formulation for Harmonic Models: Face Image Resembling
by Hung-Tsai Huang, Zi-Cai Li, Yimin Wei and Ching Yee Suen
J. Imaging 2025, 11(1), 14; https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging11010014 - 8 Jan 2025
Viewed by 749
Abstract
This paper is devoted to numerical algorithms based on harmonic transformations with two goals: (1) face boundary formulation by blending techniques based on the known characteristic nodes and (2) some challenging examples of face resembling. The formulation of the face boundary is imperative [...] Read more.
This paper is devoted to numerical algorithms based on harmonic transformations with two goals: (1) face boundary formulation by blending techniques based on the known characteristic nodes and (2) some challenging examples of face resembling. The formulation of the face boundary is imperative for face recognition, transformation, and combination. Mapping between the source and target face boundaries with constituent pixels is explored by two approaches: cubic spline interpolation and ordinary differential equation (ODE) using Hermite interpolation. The ODE approach is more flexible and suitable for handling different boundary conditions, such as the clamped and simple support conditions. The intrinsic relations between the cubic spline and ODE methods are explored for different face boundaries, and their combinations are developed. Face combination and resembling are performed by employing blending curves for generating the face boundary, and face images are converted by numerical methods for harmonic models, such as the finite difference method (FDM), the finite element method (FEM) and the finite volume method (FVM) for harmonic models, and the splitting–integrating method (SIM) for the resampling of constituent pixels. For the second goal, the age effects of facial appearance are explored to discover that different ages of face images can be produced by integrating the photos and images of the old and the young. Then, the following challenging task is targeted. Based on the photos and images of parents and their children, can we obtain an integrated image to resemble his/her current image as closely as possible? Amazing examples of face combination and resembling are reported in this paper to give a positive answer. Furthermore, an optimal combination of face images of parents and their children in the least-squares sense is introduced to greatly facilitate face resembling. Face combination and resembling may also be used for plastic surgery, finding missing children, and identifying criminals. The boundary and numerical techniques of face images in this paper can be used not only for pattern recognition but also for face morphing, morphing attack detection (MAD), and computer animation as Sora to greatly enhance further developments in AI. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Techniques and Applications in Face Image Analysis)
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