Dysautonomia, Inflammaging, and Chronic Diseases

A Special Issue of Journal of Gerontology and Geriatrics (ISSN 2499-6564) belonging to the section "Translational Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2027 | Viewed by 1695

Editors


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Guest Editor

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Guest Editor
Research Unit of Geriatrics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Rome, Italy
Interests: pneumology; geriatrics; internal medicine; heart failure; nutrition

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Guest Editor
1. Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
2. Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy
Interests: biogerontology; longevity; age-related diseases; frailty; inflammaging; centenarians
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction and chronic low-grade inflammation are increasingly recognized as common pathophysiological threads linking multiple chronic diseases, including cardiovascular, metabolic, neurodegenerative, and geriatric syndromes. The concept of “inflammaging” has emerged as a key driver of morbidity and mortality in older adults. Concurrently, dysautonomia (e.g., orthostatic intolerance, heart rate variability alterations, and baroreflex impairment) frequently coexists with inflammaging and may both contribute to and result from chronic inflammatory states. Despite growing evidence, the bidirectional relationship between autonomic dysfunction and inflammaging remains underexplored, and therapeutic strategies targeting this crosstalk are still in early stages. This Special Issue aims to bridge that gap by gathering cutting-edge research on the intersection of dysautonomia, inflammaging, and chronic diseases.

This Special Issue aims to compile original research and review articles that elucidate the mechanisms, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and potential treatments linking autonomic nervous system dysfunction with inflammaging across the spectrum of chronic non-communicable diseases. The topic fits well within the journal’s scope, as it addresses fundamental physiology, pathophysiology, translational medicine, and clinical aspects of aging and chronic disease management. By focusing on integrative physiology and multisystem interactions, this issue will appeal to physiologists, geriatricians, neurologists, cardiologists, immunologists, and clinical researchers.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  1. Autonomic regulation of immune function and inflammation;
  2. Heart rate variability as a biomarker of inflammaging in chronic diseases;
  3. Dysautonomia in metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and obesity;
  4. Inflammaging and autonomic dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders (Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s);
  5. Autonomic–immune crosstalk in cardiovascular diseases;
  6. Nutritional, lifestyle, and pharmacological interventions targeting both dysautonomia and inflammaging;
  7. Aging-related autonomic decline and its inflammatory consequences;
  8. Role of the gut–brain axis and microbiome in autonomic–inflammatory pathways;
  9. Novel diagnostic tools and biomarkers for combined autonomic-inflammatory assessment.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Gabriel Dias Rodrigues
Dr. Diana Lelli
Dr. Beatrice Arosio
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • dysautonomia
  • inflammaging
  • autonomic nervous system
  • chronic inflammation
  • aging
  • heart rate variability
  • chronic disease
  • neurodegeneration
  • cardiovascular disease
  • immuno-physiology

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

24 pages, 842 KB  
Review
Assessment of Causes and Potential Prevention and Therapy for Autoimmune Diseases Through Evolutionary Medicine
by Giacinto Libertini, Graziamaria Corbi, Valeria Conti and Nicola Ferrara
J. Gerontol. Geriatr. 2026, 74(3), 19; https://doi.org/10.3390/jgg74030019 - 15 Jul 2026
Viewed by 719
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases comprise a broad group of conditions that affect virtually any organ or tissue and share mechanisms of chronic, autoimmune-based inflammation. Once rare or unknown, they have become increasingly common in recent years, affecting individuals of all ages, including the elderly, due [...] Read more.
Autoimmune diseases comprise a broad group of conditions that affect virtually any organ or tissue and share mechanisms of chronic, autoimmune-based inflammation. Once rare or unknown, they have become increasingly common in recent years, affecting individuals of all ages, including the elderly, due to the growing number of older people. According to evolutionary medicine, if the frequency of a disease, or group of diseases, increases sharply over a few decades, the primary cause cannot be the effect of genetic alterations but rather the consequence of one or more alterations in the living conditions of the species. For autoimmune diseases, there is no environmental, dietary, or infectious factor that appears to correlate with their strong increased frequency. On the contrary, the epidemic of autoimmune diseases is likely correlated with serious alterations of our holobiont (i.e., our organism, the host species, plus the myriad of species coexisting with us). In particular, the critical factor appears to be the decreasing incidence of macroparasite (i.e., parasitic worm) infestations, without, however, excluding the effects of profound alterations in the bacterial ecosystems that are also part of our holobiont. The macroparasites modulate and curb the intensity of immune responses in order to survive in our bodies. In the coevolution of host organism and other species of the holobiont, a delicate balance has developed that is severely altered by the eradication of parasitic worms. Therefore, it is necessary to move beyond the concept of macroparasites as harmful species by definition and therefore to be eliminated without hesitation. Alternatively, it is essential to study our holobiont as a whole and consider the balances of its ecosystems before modern alterations. Furthermore, the evaluation of the effects of reintroducing macroparasite species with which we have coevolved into our holobiont would be enlightening or helpful to understanding autoimmune diseases and implementing effective prevention and treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dysautonomia, Inflammaging, and Chronic Diseases)
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