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Effects of Resistance Training on Strength and Muscle Thickness
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Effects of Resistance Training on Strength and Muscle Thickness

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2022) | Viewed by 10020

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Jose Manuel Vilaca Maio Alves

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Life Sciences and the Environment, The University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
Interests: strength and conditioning; energy expenditure; exercise for health

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The physical capacity of strength plays an important role in sports performance and in the reduction of sports injuries, but also in health contexts. It has been revealed to be important in improving quality of life and decreasing the incidence of various diseases that affect modern and developing societies, and is also a non-pharmacological adjunct in their treatment.

This capacity has different manifestations, and its increase depends on structural and neural factors of the human body. The training methodologies used aim to increase muscle contractile capacity by increasing muscle mass and/or neural drive. However, most of them come from empirical knowledge, and there is still a considerable gap in scientific evidence that supports the advantages of each other and the most efficient way to manipulate its variables to achieve the different objectives of resistance training. Thus, it is pertinent to study the different methodologies and variables of resistance training in order to increase the expression of the different manifestation forms of muscle strength and muscle mass.

This Special Issue in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is devoted to recent findings on “Effects of Resistance Training on Strength and Muscle Thickness”, and I expect valuable contributions that will help to enlarge the body of knowledge that enables the design of effective practical interventions.

A wide range of topics will be included in this Issue, related (but not limited) to acute and chronic effects of resistance training in the strength and muscle thickness in context of sports performance or health.

Prof. Dr. Jose Manuel Vilaca Maio Alves
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • resistance training
  • strength
  • muscle thickness
  • hypertrophy
  • performance
  • health

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

9 pages, 696 KiB  
Article
Changes in Muscle Thickness after 8 Weeks of Strength Training, Electromyostimulation, and Both Combined in Healthy Young Adults
by Filipe Matos, João Amaral, Eduardo Martinez, Rui Canário-Lemos, Tiago Moreira, Jurandir Cavalcante, Rafael Peixoto, Bruno Nobre Pinheiro, Lino Scipião Junior, Paulo Uchoa, Nuno Garrido, Victor Machado Reis, Gabriéla Matos Monteiro and José Vilaça-Alves
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(6), 3184; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063184 - 08 Mar 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3188
Abstract
The aim of this study was to verify and compare the effects of electromyostimulation training (EMS), strength training (ST), and both combined (STEMS), through the analysis of the elbow flexors muscle thickness. Forty subjects (24.45 ± 3.53 years), were randomly divided equally in [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to verify and compare the effects of electromyostimulation training (EMS), strength training (ST), and both combined (STEMS), through the analysis of the elbow flexors muscle thickness. Forty subjects (24.45 ± 3.53 years), were randomly divided equally in 4 groups: 3 experimental groups and 1 control group. Each experimental group was submitted to one of three interventions, either an ST protocol, an EMS protocol, or a STEMS protocol. The control group (CG) did not perform any type of physical activity. Ultrasonography (US) was used to measure muscle thickness (MT) at 50 and 60% of the distance between the acromion and the olecranon. The results showed a significant difference in the elbow flexors muscle thickness after 8 weeks, both in the STG, EMSG, and STEMSG, but not in the CG. However, no significant differences were observed between the intervention protocols. It seems that an increase in MT can be obtained using either with ST, EMS, or both combined, however, the results doesn’t support the overlap of one method in relation to the others. EMS can be another interesting tool to induce muscle hypertrophy, but not necessarily better. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Resistance Training on Strength and Muscle Thickness)
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14 pages, 1469 KiB  
Article
Physiological and Biochemical Evaluation of Different Types of Recovery in National Level Paralympic Powerlifting
by Wélia Yasmin Horacio dos Santos, Felipe J. Aidar, Dihogo Gama de Matos, Roland Van den Tillaar, Anderson Carlos Marçal, Lázaro Fernandes Lobo, Lucas Soares Marcucci-Barbosa, Saulo da Cunha Machado, Paulo Francisco de Almeida-Neto, Nuno Domingos Garrido, Victor Machado Reis, Érica Leandro Marciano Vieira, Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinoco Cabral, José Vilaça-Alves, Albená Nunes-Silva and Walderi Monteiro da Silva Júnior
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(10), 5155; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105155 - 13 May 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3340
Abstract
Background: Recovery from training is vital as it ensures training and performance to continue at high intensities and longer durations to stimulate the body and cause further adaptations. Objective: To evaluate different methods of post-workout recovery in Paralympic powerlifting athletes. Methods: Twelve male [...] Read more.
Background: Recovery from training is vital as it ensures training and performance to continue at high intensities and longer durations to stimulate the body and cause further adaptations. Objective: To evaluate different methods of post-workout recovery in Paralympic powerlifting athletes. Methods: Twelve male athletes participated (25.4 ± 3.3 years; 70.3 ± 12.1 kg). The presence of muscle edema, pain threshold, plasma cytokines, and performance measurement were evaluated five times. The recovery methods used in this study were passive recovery (PR), dry needling (DN), and cold-water immersion (CWI). Results: The data analysis showed that the maximal force decreased compared to the pretest value at 15 min and 2 h. The results also revealed that CWI and DN increased Interleukin 2 (IL-2) levels from 24 to 48 h more than that from 2 h to 24 h. After DN, muscle thickness did not increase significantly in any of the muscles, and after 2 h, muscle thickness decreased significantly again in the major pectoralis muscle. After CWI, pain pressure stabilized after 15 min and increased significantly again after 2 h for acromial pectoralis. Conclusion: The strength training sessions generate several changes in metabolism and different recovery methods contribute differently to maintain homeostasis in Paralympic powerlifting athletes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Resistance Training on Strength and Muscle Thickness)
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10 pages, 879 KiB  
Article
Acute Effects of a High Volume vs. High Intensity Bench Press Protocol on Electromechanical Delay and Muscle Morphology in Recreationally Trained Women
by Sandro Bartolomei, Federico Nigro, Ivan Malagoli Lanzoni, Anna Lisa Mangia, Matteo Cortesi, Simone Ciacci and Silvia Fantozzi
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(9), 4874; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094874 - 03 May 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2479
Abstract
The purpose of the present investigation was to compare the acute responses on muscle architecture, electromechanical delay (EMD) and performance following a high volume (HV: 5 sets of 10 reps at 70% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM)) and a high intensity (HI: 5 [...] Read more.
The purpose of the present investigation was to compare the acute responses on muscle architecture, electromechanical delay (EMD) and performance following a high volume (HV: 5 sets of 10 reps at 70% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM)) and a high intensity (HI: 5 sets of 3 reps at 90% of 1RM) bench press protocol in women. Eleven recreationally trained women (age = 23.3 ± 1.8 y; body weight = 59.7 ± 6.0 kg; height = 164.0 ± 6.3 cm) performed each protocol in a counterbalanced randomized order. Muscle thickness of pectoral (PEC MT) and triceps muscles (TR MT) were collected prior to and 15 min post each trial. In addition, EMD of pectoral (PEC EMD) and triceps (TR EMD) muscles were calculated during isometric bench press maximum force tests performed at the same timepoints (IBPF). Significantly greater increases in PEC MT (p < 0.001) and TR MT (p < 0.001) were detected following HV compared to HI. PEC EMD showed a significantly greater increase following HV compared to HI (p = 0.039). Results of the present study indicate that the HV bench press protocol results in greater acute morphological and neuromuscular changes compared to a HI protocol in women. Evaluations of muscle morphology and electromechanical delay appear more sensitive to fatigue than maximum isometric force assessments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Resistance Training on Strength and Muscle Thickness)
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