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Overweight and Obesity—Diagnosis and Treatment

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2021) | Viewed by 5098

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
Interests: obesity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to discuss new knowledge regarding the epidemiology of overweight and obesity and cutting-edge developments in the diagnosis and management of these conditions. The curated work of scientists working in this field will make a great contribution to the community. Our goal is to make this Special Issue the best forum for disseminating new research findings and for sharing innovative ideas on this topic.

This Special Issue of the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) will focus on the current state of knowledge of overweight and obesity. Original research papers, papers with a detailed summary of one’s work, reviews, papers highlighting state-of-the-art developments, and conference papers are welcome. Articles dealing with new approaches to assess health risks related to obesity, new information about current treatment modalities, and lessons learned from current policies directed towards changing environmental hazards contributing to obesity are solicited.

You are welcome to send a tentative title and a short abstract to our Editorial Office ([email protected]) for evaluation before submission. Please note that selected full papers will still be subjected to a thorough and rigorous peer review.

Although coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has ravaged our world, obesity is the pandemic of the 21st century, with rates that continue to soar. Treatment strategies including high-intensity behavioral lifestyle interventions, pharmacotherapy, use of specific devices, non-surgical and surgical techniques continue to evolve our understanding and guide our practice. Prevention and effective management are critical to stemming any further increases in overweight and obesity, but they require identifying patients at risk of these conditions and tailoring treatments to patients’ individual risk status and preferences. Although the body mass index (BMI) is an excellent and easily measurable marker of adiposity, it does not capture the metabolic risk that excess adiposity may confer. Some researchers have suggested the use of other indexes to determine risks associated with obesity. With that in mind, are there other metrics or measures that we should be using to better capture morbidities linked to obesity?  Should we be designing a risk calculator? As for diabetes (a disease that parallels obesity), can we model the outcomes of obesity? Based on clinical trial data, the true impact of our interventions is only partially known because of missing data and the lack of follow-up information. Should we be collecting and analyzing data differently to align with real-world patient management and outcomes? Further, should our priorities in identifying successful weight loss strategies focus on patient’s experience, quality of life, and well-being rather than exclusively on more concrete, objective changes such as diabetes remission (keeping in mind that they may go hand and hand)? In order to reduce the rates of obesity, we need to reduce certain environmental hazards. In this sense, what has worked so far and how, and have these environmental changes been durable? These and other issues will be discussed in this Special Issue on overweight and obesity.

Dr. Amy Elizabeth Rothberg
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • obesity
  • lifestyle
  • bariatric surgery
  • metabolic risk
  • health-related quality of life
  • epidemiology
  • risk assessment
  • management
  • weight loss
  • biomarkers
  • metrics
  • health policies
  • environment

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 1379 KiB  
Article
Loss of Skeletal Muscle Mass and Intracellular Water as Undesired Outcomes of Weight Reduction in Obese Hyperglycemic Women: A Short-Term Longitudinal Study
by Jolanta Zalejska-Fiolka, Anna Birková, Tomasz Wielkoszyński, Beáta Hubková, Beata Szlachta, Rafał Fiolka, Urszula Błaszczyk, Aleksandra Kuzan, Andrzej Gamian, Mária Mareková and Michał Toborek
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(2), 1001; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19021001 - 17 Jan 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2171
Abstract
The current study is focused on the influence of hyperglycemia on weight loss in obese premenopausal women. Specifically, the study evaluated the impact of a six-month individualized low-calorie diet combined with moderate exercise on weight reduction and glucose metabolism in obese women with [...] Read more.
The current study is focused on the influence of hyperglycemia on weight loss in obese premenopausal women. Specifically, the study evaluated the impact of a six-month individualized low-calorie diet combined with moderate exercise on weight reduction and glucose metabolism in obese women with normoglycemia compared to obese women with moderate hyperglycemia. The results indicated that patients with normoglycemia achieved a successful weight loss, which was connected to a decrease in adipose tissue and reflected by diminished content of visceral fat area (VFA) and percent body fat. In contrast, weight reduction in patients with hyperglycemia was connected not only to the loss of VFA but also to undesired decrease in skeletal muscle mass as well as intracellular and total body water. These unfavorable outcomes were observed despite normalization of glucose metabolism reflected by statistically significant lowering glucose, fructosamine, advanced glycation end-products, and HOMA-IR levels. Overall, the obtained results indicate the importance of the measurement of the carbohydrate profile in obese women and the need for an early introduction of weight reduction strategies before the development of hyperglycemia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Overweight and Obesity—Diagnosis and Treatment)
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13 pages, 1326 KiB  
Article
Unsupervised Exercise Training Was Not Found to Improve the Metabolic Health or Phenotype over a 6-Month Dietary Intervention: A Randomised Controlled Trial with an Embedded Economic Analysis
by Wendy Hens, Dirk Vissers, Nick Verhaeghe, Jan Gielen, Luc Van Gaal and Jan Taeymans
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(15), 8004; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18158004 - 28 Jul 2021
Viewed by 2116
Abstract
Ectopic fat leads to metabolic health problems. This research aimed to assess the effectiveness of a hypocaloric diet intervention together with an unsupervised exercise training program in comparison with a hypocaloric diet alone to reduce ectopic fat deposition. Sixty-one premenopausal women with overweight [...] Read more.
Ectopic fat leads to metabolic health problems. This research aimed to assess the effectiveness of a hypocaloric diet intervention together with an unsupervised exercise training program in comparison with a hypocaloric diet alone to reduce ectopic fat deposition. Sixty-one premenopausal women with overweight or obesity participated in this controlled trial and were each randomised into either a usual care group (hypocaloric diet) or intervention group (hypocaloric diet + unsupervised exercise training). Ectopic fat deposition, metabolic parameters, incremental costs from a societal perspective and incremental quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were assessed before, during and after the six-month intervention period. In the total sample, there was a significant decrease in visceral adipose tissue (VAT: −18.88 cm2, 95% CI −11.82 to −25.95), subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SAT: −46.74 cm2, 95% CI −29.76 to −63.18), epicardial fat (ECF: −14.50 cm3, 95% CI −10.9 to −18.98) and intrahepatic lipid content (IHL: −3.53%, 95% CI −1.72 to −5.32). Consequently, an “adapted” economic analysis revealed a non-significant decrease in costs and an increase in QALYs after the intervention. No significant differences were found between groups. A multidisciplinary lifestyle approach seems successful in reducing ectopic fat deposition and improving the metabolic risk profile in women with overweight and obesity. The addition of unsupervised exercise training did not further improve the metabolic health or phenotype over the six months. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Overweight and Obesity—Diagnosis and Treatment)
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