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Nutrition and Diabetes: Advances in Prevention and Management

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Public Health, Univeristy of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa
Interests: diabetes; public health nutrition; social and behavioural determinants of health; healthcare systems

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa
Interests: non-communicable diseases; health service management

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Diabetes remains a significant global health challenge, with nutrition playing a pivotal role in both its prevention and management. This Special Issue delves into the latest advancements in dietary interventions, nutritional strategies, and emerging therapies designed to improve glycaemic control, mitigate complications, and enhance overall health outcomes for individuals with diabetes. Key areas of focus include the influence of macronutrients and micronutrients on diabetes management, personalised nutrition approaches, low-GI diets, gut microbiome interactions, and the impact of dietary patterns on insulin sensitivity. Additionally, this issue will explore innovative public health strategies, community-based interventions, and policy recommendations aimed at strengthening diabetes prevention efforts at the population level. By integrating cutting-edge research and evidence-based practises, this Special Issue seeks to deepen our understanding of the complex relationship between nutrition and diabetes risk, progression, and treatment. It aims to inform more effective clinical and public health strategies, fostering a multidisciplinary approach to diabetes care. We invite researchers, clinicians, and policymakers to contribute their expertise and insights to shape the future of nutrition-driven diabetes prevention and management.

Dr. Mabitsela Hezekiel Mphasha
Prof. Dr. Tebogo Maria Mothiba
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • diabetes management
  • nutritional interventions
  • glycaemic control
  • personalised nutrition
  • low-GI diets
  • gut microbiome and diabetes
  • public health strategies for diabetes

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 290 KiB  
Article
Adherence to Personalised Nutrition Education Based on Glycemic and Food Insulin Index Principles and Their Association with Blood Glucose Control in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
by Hildegard Strydom, Jane Muchiri, Elizabeth Delport and Zelda White
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(6), 925; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22060925 - 11 Jun 2025
Viewed by 336
Abstract
Personalised nutrition education (PNE) can enhance blood glucose control (BGC). We determined whether patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) adhered to PNE based on glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), and food insulin index (FII) principles and whether adherence was associated with improved [...] Read more.
Personalised nutrition education (PNE) can enhance blood glucose control (BGC). We determined whether patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) adhered to PNE based on glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), and food insulin index (FII) principles and whether adherence was associated with improved BGC. This retrospective cohort included 67 files for patients who received PNE. The patients completed 3-day food and blood glucose records at three points over 90 days. HbA1c values were compared between time points. An adherence score sheet (ASS) was used to determine their adherence to PNE and the main meal adherence classification (MMAC). A one-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to assess the changes over time. A chi-square test determined the association between the MMAC and blood glucose levels falling within the targeted ranges. Correlations between dietary adherence and BGC indicators were examined using Pearson’s product–moment correlation. Adherence ranged from 88 to 95%. MMAC score was significantly associated with blood glucose being within the targeted ranges (p = 0.028). Mean blood glucose decreased over time, but the correlations with adherence were only significant at time point 1 (p = 0.029). HbA1c levels decreased significantly over time (p = 0.003), but their correlation with adherence was not significant (p > 0.05). In patients with T2DM, high adherence to PNE based on GI, GL, and FII principles was associated with improved BGC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Diabetes: Advances in Prevention and Management)

Review

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14 pages, 1114 KiB  
Review
Personalised Nutrition Approaches in the Prevention and Management of Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review of Evidence and Practice
by Mabitsela Mphasha and Tebogo Mothiba
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(7), 1047; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22071047 - 30 Jun 2025
Viewed by 66
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains a significant global public health concern, largely driven by poor dietary habits, physical inactivity, and rising obesity rates. In recent years, personalised nutrition (PN) emerged as a promising approach to T2DM prevention and management. This narrative review [...] Read more.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains a significant global public health concern, largely driven by poor dietary habits, physical inactivity, and rising obesity rates. In recent years, personalised nutrition (PN) emerged as a promising approach to T2DM prevention and management. This narrative review synthesises current evidence on tailored dietary strategies, including the glycaemic index (GI), glycaemic load (GL), food insulin index (FII), and precision nutrition tools. It further explores their impact on glycaemic control, insulin sensitivity, and adherence to dietary interventions. A structured review of peer-reviewed and grey literature was conducted, taking into account behavioural, cultural, and systemic implementation factors. Although evidence supports the efficacy of PN in improving metabolic outcomes, implementation in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) remains limited due to infrastructural, financial, and contextual challenges. This review emphasises the need for context-specific, scalable solutions integrated into primary healthcare systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Diabetes: Advances in Prevention and Management)
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