The Regulation of mRNA Translation in Health and Disease

A special issue of Genes (ISSN 2073-4425). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2026) | Viewed by 1226

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, California University of Science and Medicine, 1501 Violet St, Colton, CA 92324, USA
Interests: cancer; mRNA translation; signal transduction; gene transcription

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In this Special Issue, we will showcase recent advances in the structure, process, and regulations of mRNA translation in eukaryotic systems under homeostasis and various stresses. In addition to traditional regulatory mechanisms, such as the initiation, elongation, and termination/ribosome recycle; regulation based on AUG context, mRNA editing, the premature termination codon (PTC), the upstream open reading frame (uORF), mRNA  decay, ncRNAs (especially miRNA), and other emerging mechanisms will also be addressed. Pathogenic factors and cellular processes associated with cancer development, progression, and recurrence, including cell signaling, metabolic statuses, EMT and metastasis, and immune responses in TME, will also be analyzed. Cancer therapies that target mRNA translation machinery will also be highlighted.

Dr. Jun Ling
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • mRNA translation
  • mRNA biology
  • transcriptional regulation
  • cell signaling
  • cancer therapies

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

13 pages, 459 KB  
Review
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomal miRNAs in Skin Repair and Rejuvenation
by Jijun Hao
Genes 2026, 17(4), 450; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes17040450 - 13 Apr 2026
Viewed by 641
Abstract
Skin aging and wound healing are the result of intricate and interconnected processes involving chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, cellular senescence and extracellular matrix degradation. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes are rich in bioactive components, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), which play a crucial role in [...] Read more.
Skin aging and wound healing are the result of intricate and interconnected processes involving chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, cellular senescence and extracellular matrix degradation. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes are rich in bioactive components, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), which play a crucial role in regulating gene expression and key signaling pathways critical for maintaining skin homeostasis. This article reviews the current evidence regarding the roles of MSC-derived exosomal miRNAs (MSC-Exo-miRNAs) in cutaneous repair and rejuvenation. Specific exosomal miRNAs are analyzed for their ability to modulate inflammatory responses, promote fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis, enhance angiogenesis, and facilitate keratinocyte migration and re-epithelialization. Their roles in regulating key signaling pathways are discussed in the context of skin regeneration and aging, including nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), PI3K/Akt, TGF-β/Smad, Wnt/β-catenin, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Additionally, emerging engineering strategies aimed at optimizing miRNA cargo loading, improving delivery efficiency, and advancing clinical translation are highlighted. Overall, MSC-Exo-miRNAs represent a promising cell-free therapeutic strategy for skin repair and rejuvenation; however, further mechanistic investigations and rigorous clinical studies are necessary to fully realize their translational potential. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Regulation of mRNA Translation in Health and Disease)
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