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Fire
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Fire and Explosion Safety with Risk Assessment and Early Warning
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Fire and Explosion Safety with Risk Assessment and Early Warning

A special issue of Fire (ISSN 2571-6255). This special issue belongs to the section "Fire Risk Assessment and Safety Management in Buildings and Urban Spaces".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2026 | Viewed by 1352

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Qi Jing

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Safety and Ocean Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, China
Interests: deflagration acceleration; detonation parameters; ignition method; multiphase fuel mixture; reaction mechanism
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Dan Wang

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Beijing Key Laboratory of Metro Fire and Passenger Transportation Safety, China Academy of Safety Science and Technology, Beijing, China
Interests: fire risk

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fire and explosion safety along with risk assessment and early warning constitute core issues in the fields of industrial safety, public security, and disaster prevention and control, holding significant importance for safeguarding lives and property while maintaining social stability. In recent years, with the rapid development of industrial technologies, accelerated urbanization, and widespread applications of new energy and chemical materials, the potential risks of fire and explosion accidents have become increasingly complex, posing severe challenges to traditional safety prevention and control methods. Therefore, in-depth research on the safety mechanisms of fires and explosions, optimization of risk assessment methodologies, and development of efficient early warning technologies have become urgent needs in both academic and engineering communities.

This Special Issue aims to compile the latest research achievements in the field of fire and explosion safety, focusing on core topics including fire safety mechanisms, explosion safety protection, fire and explosion risk assessment methods, and fire and explosion accident early warning technologies.

Specific research themes encompass fire dynamics and combustion characteristics, explosion mechanisms and explosion-proof technologies, fire-resistant and explosion-resistant material properties, quantitative and qualitative risk assessment models, numerical simulations and experimental validation techniques, as well as intelligent early warning systems based on big data and artificial intelligence.

Through the publication of this Special Issue, we hope to promote academic exchange, drive technological innovation, enhance fire and explosion safety prevention and control capabilities, and provide scientific foundations for the formulation of industry standards and the optimization of public safety policies.

Dr. Qi Jing
Dr. Dan Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fire is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fire safety
  • explosion safety
  • risk assessment
  • accident early warning
  • explosion-proof technology
  • intelligent monitoring

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1019 KB  
Article
Research on Fire Performance Evaluation of Fire Protection Renovation for Existing Public Buildings Based on Bayesian Network
by Xinxin Zhou, Feng Yan, Jinhan Lu, Kunqi Liu and Yufei Zhao
Fire 2026, 9(2), 58; https://doi.org/10.3390/fire9020058 - 27 Jan 2026
Viewed by 187
Abstract
To improve the fire safety performance of fire protection renovation projects for existing public buildings, this paper systematically sorts out and analyzes relevant research studies, accident reports, and fire protection renovation codes and guidelines. It constructs a fire performance evaluation system for such [...] Read more.
To improve the fire safety performance of fire protection renovation projects for existing public buildings, this paper systematically sorts out and analyzes relevant research studies, accident reports, and fire protection renovation codes and guidelines. It constructs a fire performance evaluation system for such projects, including 4 first-level indicators—”Building Characteristics”, “Building Fire Protection and Rescue”, “Fire Facilities and Equipment”, and “Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning (HVAC) and Electrical Systems”—and 19 second-level indicators such as “Building Usage Function”. The subjective–objective combined weighting method of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)-CRITIC is adopted to determine the weights of indicators at all levels. Four high-weight second-level indicators are selected as core remediation objects: average fire load density, floor layout, automatic fire alarm and linkage control system, and electrical systems. Meanwhile, the evaluation system is converted into a Bayesian Network model, with an empirical verification analysis carried out on a shopping mall in Chaoyang District, Beijing, as a case study. Results show that the approach of combining partial codes with the rectification of high-weight indicators can reduce the fire occurrence probability of the mall from 78%, before renovation, to 24%. Therefore, the constructed evaluation system and Bayesian Network model can realize the accurate quantification of fire risks, provide scientific and feasible technical schemes for the fire protection renovation of existing public buildings, and lay a foundation for enriching and improving fire protection assessment theories. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fire and Explosion Safety with Risk Assessment and Early Warning)
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15 pages, 3988 KB  
Article
The Influence of Hydrogen-Storage Metal Dust on the Explosion Characteristics of Solid–Liquid Mixed Fuel
by Jiafan Ren, Zhisong Wang, Changqi Liu and Chunhua Bai
Fire 2026, 9(1), 48; https://doi.org/10.3390/fire9010048 - 21 Jan 2026
Viewed by 186
Abstract
To investigate the explosive characteristics of solid–liquid mixed fuels containing different types of metal powders—including hydrogen-storage metal powders—and volatile liquid fuels, explosion experiments and corresponding numerical simulations were conducted under unconstrained space conditions. The studied system consisted of Et2O/Al/B/MgH2 mixed [...] Read more.
To investigate the explosive characteristics of solid–liquid mixed fuels containing different types of metal powders—including hydrogen-storage metal powders—and volatile liquid fuels, explosion experiments and corresponding numerical simulations were conducted under unconstrained space conditions. The studied system consisted of Et2O/Al/B/MgH2 mixed fuels with varying composition ratios. Research has shown that the dispersion effect of solid–liquid mixed fuel containing metal dust under strong shock waves is higher than that of pure liquid fuel. And the explosion overpressure and temperature of solid–liquid mixed fuel are higher than that of pure liquid fuel. Under the same solid–liquid ratio, the explosive overpressure of Et2O/Al/B/MgH2 mixed fuel was the highest, which was 110.8% higher than that of pure liquid fuel at the 5 m position. For solid–liquid mixed fuels containing different metal powders, due to the high reaction threshold of boron powder, a high-activity MgH2 reaction is required to drive the reaction. Therefore, the explosive strength of the mixed fuel systems follows the order Et2O/Al/B/MgH2 > Et2O/Al/MgH2 > Et2O/Al > Et2O/Al/B. Meanwhile, simulation models for pure liquid and solid–liquid fuel explosions were established. The discrepancy between the simulated results and the experimental data was within 10%, demonstrating that the proposed model provides an effective and reliable approach for predicting the explosive power and hazardous range of fuel–air explosions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fire and Explosion Safety with Risk Assessment and Early Warning)
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16 pages, 3909 KB  
Article
Study on the Risk Zone of Hydrogen Leak Diffusion in High-Pressure Hydrogen Transmission Pipeline Station Fields
by Yajie Wang, Bingcai Sun, Shengli Chu, Tao Zhao, Na Li and Laibin Zhang
Fire 2025, 8(12), 464; https://doi.org/10.3390/fire8120464 - 29 Nov 2025
Viewed by 721
Abstract
The safe operation of hydrogen transmission pipeline stations is paramount for the widespread adoption of hydrogen energy. This study addresses the significant hazard of hydrogen leakage in high-pressure pipeline stations by employing numerical simulations to investigate the dispersion behavior under various conditions. It [...] Read more.
The safe operation of hydrogen transmission pipeline stations is paramount for the widespread adoption of hydrogen energy. This study addresses the significant hazard of hydrogen leakage in high-pressure pipeline stations by employing numerical simulations to investigate the dispersion behavior under various conditions. It specifically focuses on the complex interplay between meteorological factors, operational parameters, and station layout. A key finding is that the structural configuration of obstacles—namely their height and distance from the leakage source—serves as the dominant mechanism controlling the evolution of the hazard radius, overshadowing the influence of traditional parameters like wind speed and leak diameter in obstructed environments. Based on this insight, a novel and robust predictive model for the dynamic hazard radius was developed using multiple regression analysis. The model accurately quantifies the impact of leakage duration, obstacle spacing, and obstacle height, achieving an excellent fit (R2 = 0.9848) with a prediction error of less than 5% compared to simulation data. This study provides valuable insights for defining risk zones and supports the development of effective safety measures and emergency response strategies for hydrogen infrastructure, thereby contributing to the secure and sustainable deployment of hydrogen energy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fire and Explosion Safety with Risk Assessment and Early Warning)
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